sot_question stringlengths 42 9.8k | ds_name stringclasses 8
values | pred_label int64 0 2 | logits listlengths 3 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
['TEC, a member of the TEC family of non-receptor type protein tyrosine kinases, has recently been suggested to play a role in hepatocyte proliferation and liver regeneration. This study aims to investigate the putative mechanisms of TEC kinase regulation of hepatocyte differentiation, i.e. to explore which signaling p... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.390540361404419,
-1.2359377145767212,
2.6710376739501953
] |
['Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a causative agent of sepsis. A relationship has been described between LPS, free radicals, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Here, we investigate the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in the effect of LPS on intestinal motility, oxidat... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4469635486602783,
-1.3428974151611328,
2.7807793617248535
] |
['The enteric nervous system (ENS) continues its structural and functional growth after birth, with formation of ganglia and the innervation of growing smooth muscle. However, little is known about factors in the postnatal intestine that influence these processes.', 'We examined the presence and potential role of glial... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3575446605682373,
-1.3310835361480713,
2.786013126373291
] |
['The predictors for treatment failure of on-demand proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy in gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients are unclear. We studied the efficacy and predictors for treatment failure of step-down on-demand PPI therapy in patients with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) and those with low g... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.742936372756958,
-1.59225332736969,
2.3279030323028564
] |
['Doxorubicin is a widely used chemotherapy drug, but its application is associated with cardiotoxicity. Free radical generation and mitochondrial dysfunction are thought to contribute to doxorubicin-induced cardiac failure. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are commonly used as cardioprotective agents and have ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3366377353668213,
-1.38790762424469,
2.7527103424072266
] |
['The PFD1235w Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) antigen is associated with severe malaria in children and can be expressed on the surface of infected erythrocytes (IE) adhering to ICAM1. However, the exact three-dimensional structure of this PfEMP1 and its surface-exposed epitopes are unkno... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.890076756477356,
-1.4932022094726562,
2.4667575359344482
] |
['Organ transplantation is widely accepted as the treatment of choice for native organ failure. Due to required immunosuppression, however, organ recipients are prone to wound infections, incisional hernias, and fascial dehiscence. These complications are especially dangerous in this patient population, as they can com... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.58501136302948,
-1.5139350891113281,
2.0865697860717773
] |
['Applications to cardiothoracic training programs have declined dramatically. Increased effort in recruiting trainees is paramount. In this study, we test our hypothesis that mentored instruction on cardiothoracic simulators will enhance the interest of junior medical students in cardiothoracic surgery.', 'First- and ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 1 | [
0.4023962616920471,
0.5834941267967224,
-1.7433032989501953
] |
['Epigenetic mechanisms, via post-translational histone modifications, have roles in the establishment and maintenance of latency of the HSV-1 genome in the sensory neurons. Considering that many post-translational histone marks are reversible in nature, epigenetic mechanisms may also play a critical role in the proces... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.305638313293457,
-1.2476134300231934,
2.5454013347625732
] |
['Neuroendocrine changes are important processes which accompany critical illness, however, the number of clinical studies concentrating on the role of thyroid gland hormones in stroke pathogenesis is relatively small. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the relation between free triiodothyronine (fT3)... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.906213641166687,
-1.4878137111663818,
2.3743836879730225
] |
['To investigate the correlation between gastric cancer growth and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) expression.', 'We assessed the expressions of STAT3, phosphor-STAT3 (pSTAT3), suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1), survivin and Bcl-2 in gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy by immu... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.149914503097534,
-1.2086936235427856,
2.3651223182678223
] |
['To describe patterns of lymph node metastasis in invasive colon and rectal carcinomas.', "Clinical data of 2340 patients with colorectal carcinoma (stage\u2005I\u2005to III) who received radical resection, was retrospectively reviewed. Of the 2340 patients, 1314 patients suffered from rectal carcinoma and 1026 from c... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.0862584114074707,
-1.7914113998413086,
1.8067268133163452
] |
['This paper is a report of the development and testing of the Self-Efficacy for Preventing Falls Nurse and Assistant scales.', "Patient falls and fall-related injuries are traumatic ordeals for patients, family members and providers, and carry a toll for hospitals. Self-efficacy is an important factor in determining a... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.39465105533599854,
-0.34159335494041443,
-0.042404621839523315
] |
['To study the association between preterm birth and adult intellectual performance, with special emphasis on the influence of postnatal growth.', 'A population-based cohort study was performed on 272,046 males, born between 1973 and 1978, of whom 248,447 were conscripted for military service between 1991 and 1997. Bir... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.8641278743743896,
0.46533793210983276,
0.5126716494560242
] |
['Adjuvant interferon based chemoradiation has rendered promising results against pancreatic cancer. This study evaluated the in vivo effect of interferon α on two human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines implanted in nude.', 'MiaPaCa-2 expressed the interferon α/β receptor and Panc-1 cells did not. Regimen I consisted of... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.1419742107391357,
-1.4424982070922852,
2.584089994430542
] |
['The authors aimed to investigate whether immediate postoperative hypoalbuminemia could be associated with outcomes after off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCAB) surgery.', 'A retrospective analysis of the medical data.', 'Cardiac operating room and adult cardiovascular intensive care unit at a single institutio... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.7383474111557007,
-1.5102922916412354,
2.283555507659912
] |
['Autophagy is a dynamic process during which isolation membranes package substrates to form autophagosomes that are fused with lysosomes to form autolysosomes for degradation. Although it is agreed that the LC3II-associated mature autophagosomes move along microtubular tracks, it is still in dispute if the conversion ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.6309564113616943,
-1.093775987625122,
2.8449530601501465
] |
['There is limited knowledge on the relationship between diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (D(L)CO) and quantitative computed tomography (CT) measures of emphysema and airway wall thickness.', 'What is the relationship between D(L)CO and the quantitative CT measures of emphysema and airway wall thickne... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.969007134437561,
-1.5238537788391113,
1.544858694076538
] |
['Kawasaki disease (KD) is the leading cause of acquired pediatric cardiac disease and requires a timely diagnosis. Available effective therapy is ideally administered within 10 days of illness diagnosis. Recent reports of several laboratory tests in KD have been published. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the sensi... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.8462257385253906,
-1.508896827697754,
2.4346096515655518
] |
['HIV-specific T-cell-based vaccines have been extensively studied in both prevention and therapeutic settings, with most studies failing to show benefit, and some suggesting harm. We previously performed a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II clinical trial in which 65 antiretroviral-treated patients... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4485840797424316,
-1.2406525611877441,
2.8411009311676025
] |
['To extract corosolic acid from loquat leaves for medical use.', 'Loquat leaves were boiled in water to remove the water-soluble substances followed by 3 cycles of extraction with 25% aqueous methanol for 30 min and then by 95% aqueous methanol for 1 h at 80 degrees celsius;. After cooling at room temperature and filt... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.031580686569214,
-0.22509914636611938,
1.4591872692108154
] |
['Resveratrol (RV), an antioxidant, inhibits angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertrophy and Ang II- or epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced Akt phosphorylation in rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Both signalling pathways are reported to utilize reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this study was to show... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.367952823638916,
-1.329629898071289,
2.6876702308654785
] |
['The cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) is sensitive to lower brainstem lesions affecting the vestibulo-collic pathway. We wished to determine whether the ocular VEMP (oVEMP), a recently-described otolith-ocular reflex, is also abnormal in patients with brainstem lesions. We tested patients with int... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.320230722427368,
-1.0840420722961426,
2.4400835037231445
] |
['Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) show a time-of-night pattern, with most movements at the beginning of the night. Our study aimed to determine whether this pattern is due to an endogenous circadian rhythm, like that in the related movement disorder Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS).', 'Four healthy older adults wit... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.6018340587615967,
-0.816419243812561,
2.5072083473205566
] |
['Evolutionary rates of proteins in a protein-protein interaction network are primarily governed by the protein connectivity and/or expression level. A recent study revealed the importance of the features of the interacting protein partners, viz., the coefficient of functionality and clustering coefficient in controlli... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3337152004241943,
0.5879401564598083,
0.9967358112335205
] |
['Prenatal ethanol exposure during pregnancy induces a spectrum of mental and physical disorders called fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). The central nervous system is the main organ influenced by FASD, and neurological symptoms include mental retardation, learning abnormalities, hyperactivity and seizure suscept... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4208290576934814,
-1.269120693206787,
2.7530903816223145
] |
['Pulmonary function is impaired during pneumoperitoneum mainly as a result of atelectasis formation. We studied the effects of 10 cm H2O of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and PEEP followed by a recruitment maneuver (PEEP+RM) on end-expiratory lung volume (EELV), oxygenation and respiratory mechanics in patien... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.1243621110916138,
-1.8122179508209229,
1.9167333841323853
] |
['The underlying mechanism for the increased alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference resulting from almost all forms of general anesthesia is unknown. We hypothesized that inhalation anesthesia influences the intrapulmonary distribution of ventilation (V) and perfusion (Q), leading to less advantageous V/Q matching... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.4083640575408936,
-1.709193229675293,
2.0367484092712402
] |
['The pathophysiology of heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HFNEF) is still under discussion. Here we report the influence of cardiac inflammation on extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling in patients with HFNEF.', 'We investigated left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in 20 patients with HFNEF and ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.517540216445923,
-1.2566360235214233,
2.821061611175537
] |
['Individuals with high spinal cord injury (SCI) are prone to significant fluctuation in blood pressure with episodes of very high and low blood pressure during autonomic dysreflexia (AD) and orthostatic hypotension, respectively. We do not know how such blood pressure lability affects the vasculature.', 'We used a wel... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5154824256896973,
-1.2316374778747559,
2.7490012645721436
] |
['To determine if the longer length of time that embryos donated to an anonymous couple have been frozen has a negative effect of subsequent successful pregnancy following thawing and transfer to the recipients.', 'Retrospective determination of pregnancy rates according to the length of cryopreservation time has on pr... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6148439645767212,
-0.1476377248764038,
0.8959040641784668
] |
['The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate in a historical series of patients whether morphological changes of the urinary tract imaged on intravenous urography (IVU) are associated with clinical or urodynamic data.', 'During a 1-year period, every man 45 years or older with lower urinary tract symptoms sugg... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.332151174545288,
-1.3450899124145508,
2.8039660453796387
] |
["Classical Hodgkin's lymphoma is characterized by a minority of neoplastic cells surrounded by a heterogeneous background population of non-neoplastic cells including lymphoma-associated macrophages. High levels of expression of both the monocyte/macrophage lineage-associated antigens CD68 and CD163 have been suggeste... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.9487055540084839,
-1.482911229133606,
2.4548377990722656
] |
['Adrenomedullin, a vasodilatory peptide, facilitates the differentiation of pre-adipocytes, and affects lipolysis and glucose uptake. We investigated the association of common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene encoding adrenomedullin (ADM) with dysglycemia in the Hong Kong Chinese population.', 'Four ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.9619672298431396,
-1.380380392074585,
2.407423496246338
] |
['Allergic reactions to tree nuts are often severe and are outgrown in less than 10% of diagnosed patients.', 'To determine whether treatment of underlying tree nut sensitization will prevent allergic reactions to cross-reacting tree nuts and to determine the effects of single-tree nut immunotherapy on true multi-tree ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.331191301345825,
-0.9120534062385559,
2.2527384757995605
] |
['To investigate the relationship between male involvement in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission services and infant HIV acquisition and mortality, a prospective cohort study was undertaken between 1999 and 2005 in Nairobi, Kenya.', 'HIV-infected pregnant women were enrolled and followed with their infants ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.8816056251525879,
-0.36235514283180237,
0.385939359664917
] |
['To model the effect of health systems performance on rates of mother-to-child HIV transmission.', 'We modeled the effect of variation in performance of the multiple steps of different prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) protocols using hypothetical and reported data.', 'Data from a PMTCT program in a l... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.6416802406311035,
0.5717824101448059,
1.1247831583023071
] |
["T2' values reflect the presence of deoxyhaemoglobin related to high local oxygen extraction. We assessed the feasibility of T2' imaging to display regions with high metabolic activity in brain gliomas.", "MRI was performed in 25 patients (12 female; median age 46 years; range 2-69) with brain gliomas with additional ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6455415487289429,
-1.6121342182159424,
2.2847673892974854
] |
['The many available choices for testing for coronary artery disease (CAD) brought about several questions regarding suitability of certain tests for different groups of patients and the prognostic value of obtained results in predicting events and mortality. The aim of this study is to describe the prognostic value of... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.4452152252197266,
-1.1522060632705688,
1.663590908050537
] |
['Pancreatitis represents a life-threatening inflammatory condition where leucocytes, cytokines and vascular endothelium contribute to the development of the inflammatory disease. The glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family-related protein (GITR) is a costimulatory molecule for T lymphocytes... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.365318775177002,
-1.4179880619049072,
2.808265447616577
] |
['Melatonin is involved in the regulation of colonic motility, and sensation, but little is known about the influence of melatonin on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) release from colonic mucosa. A tachykinin NK₂ receptor-selective agonist, [β-Ala⁸]-neurokinin A(4-10) [βAla-NKA-(4-10)] can induce 5-HT release from guinea pig... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.378758192062378,
-1.2968083620071411,
2.724656105041504
] |
['Naturally occurring regulatory T cells (Treg) are essential for the prevention of autoimmunity and overshooting immune responses to pathogens; however, the involvement of Treg in mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis, a major cause of chronic kidney disease, remains unclear. Superagonistic CD28-specific monoclonal... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.435347557067871,
-1.271362066268921,
2.7493982315063477
] |
['The current treatment for femoral fractures in children is mostly operative, which contrasts with treatment of other long bone fractures in children. We analyzed treatment injuries in such patients in Finland in order to identify avoidable injuries. Our other aims were to calculate the incidence of these fractures an... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 0 | [
0.3566732108592987,
-0.5300490260124207,
-0.7644414901733398
] |
['A central tenet in biochemistry for over 50 years has held that microorganisms, plants and, more recently, certain apicomplexan parasites synthesize essential aromatic compounds via elaboration of a complete shikimic acid pathway, whereas metazoans lacking this pathway require a dietary source of these compounds. The... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4886276721954346,
-0.3145116865634918,
1.9070501327514648
] |
['In 1996 Sgarbossa reviewed 17 ventricular-paced electrocardiograms (ECGs) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) for signs of ischemia. Several characteristics of the paced ECG were predictive of AMI. We sought to evaluate the criteria in ventricular-paced ECGs in an emergency department (ED) cohort.', 'Ventricular-pac... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.7653685808181763,
-1.654091715812683,
2.437128782272339
] |
["To assess the effect of an oral (O+O), a tactile/kinesthetic (T/K+T/K), and a combined (O+T/K) intervention on preterm infants' weight gain and motor function and to determine whether the combined O+T/K intervention has an additive/synergistic effect on outcomes.", 'Seventy-five preterm infants were randomized into a... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.571597695350647,
-1.2379766702651978,
1.856069803237915
] |
["Visuomotor integration deficits have been documented in Huntington disease (HD), with disproportionately more impairment when direct visual feedback is unavailable. Visuomotor integration under direct and indirect visual feedback conditions has not been investigated in the stage before clinical onset ('premanifest').... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3648698329925537,
-1.2121682167053223,
2.6347217559814453
] |
['Studies devoted to intensive glucose control suggested that the intensive insulin therapy (IIT) approach could effectively reduce complications associated with critical illness. A program of IIT with the goal of achieving a blood glucose of 80-120 mg/dL was, therefore, adopted in this study. To explore the impact of ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.458821177482605,
-1.5633044242858887,
1.0919828414916992
] |
['Duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) has been shown to reverse type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, a rodent model of non-obese T2DM. Skeletal muscle insulin resistance is a hallmark decrement in T2DM. The aim of the current work was to investigate the effects of DJB on skeletal muscle insulin signal transduct... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.143745183944702,
-1.1767116785049438,
2.320002555847168
] |
["Primary tumor xenografts (PTXG) established directly from patients' primary tumors in immunosuppressed animals might represent the spectrum of histologic complexity of lung cancers better than xenografts derived from established cell lines. These models are important in the study of aberrant biological pathways in ca... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.0507009029388428,
-1.4411660432815552,
2.526099681854248
] |
['Brain metastases of breast cancer contribute significantly to patient morbidity and mortality. We have tested pazopanib, a recently approved antiangiogenic drug that targets VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, PDGFRβ, PDGFRα, and c-kit, for prevention of experimental brain metastases and mechanism of action.', 'In vitro assays i... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.191624879837036,
-1.380012035369873,
2.6129117012023926
] |
['The current recommendation in setting up the Neopuff is to use a gas flow of 5-15 L/min. We investigated if the sensitivity of the positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) valve varies at different flow rates within this range.', 'Five Neopuffs were set up to provide a PEEP of 5 cm H(2) O. The number of clockwise revo... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 0 | [
1.326363205909729,
-1.540058970451355,
-0.40880870819091797
] |
['Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial thrombus are at high risk of thromboembolic events. We investigated whether BNP levels can serve as a biological marker of thrombus.', 'We prospectively enrolled patients with AF within 7days of an ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA). We measured BNP l... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.4843465089797974,
-1.6762036085128784,
2.198939085006714
] |
["Sand fly saliva contains molecules that modify the host's hemostasis and immune responses. Nevertheless, the role played by this saliva in the induction of key elements of inflammatory responses, such as lipid bodies (LB, also known as lipid droplets) and eicosanoids, has been poorly investigated. LBs are cytoplasmic... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.418783187866211,
-1.3677983283996582,
2.8356823921203613
] |
['An elevated concentration of lipoprotein(a) {Lp(a)} is associated with an increased prevalence and increased severity of coronary artery disease. However, the relationship between Lp(a) levels and outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is unclear.', 'Between October 2005 and June 2007, we measured serum Lp(... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.0900901556015015,
-1.7901945114135742,
1.8455945253372192
] |
['High levels of inflammatory biochemical markers are associated with an increased risk among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The objective of the current study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) among ACS patients with no clinical or radiologi... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.2235852479934692,
-1.5704479217529297,
1.8232707977294922
] |
['Dyslipidemia is influenced by diet and body habitus. The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy lipoprotein subclass profile (NMR-LSP) is associated with diabetes and its vascular complications; and an NMR-LSP featuring large VLDL particles and small LDL and HDL particles is linked with cardiovascular disease (CVD).... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.1074159145355225,
-1.2773672342300415,
2.474555015563965
] |
['Recent studies demonstrated that alcohol dependence and excessive alcohol consumption are associated with increased rates of obesity. In healthy light-drinkers, we and others have observed associations between elevated body mass index (BMI) and reductions in brain volumes, lower concentrations of N-acetyl-aspartate (... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.512143850326538,
-1.1702011823654175,
2.7850804328918457
] |
['Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) has been used as an analgesic for myofascial pain syndromes, migraine, and other types of headaches. Although an antinociceptive effect of central or peripheral administration of BoNT/A is suggested, the effect at the spinal level is still unclear. In this study, we evaluated the ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3332626819610596,
-1.3968799114227295,
2.765359401702881
] |
['Nonsyndromic hypodontia or congential absence of one or more permanent teeth is a common anomaly of dental development in humans. This condition may be inherited in an autosomal (dominant/recessive) or X-linked (dominant/recessive) mode. Mutations in three genes, PAX9, MSX1, and AXIN2, have been determined to be asso... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4446170330047607,
-1.286413550376892,
2.7789745330810547
] |
['The role of EUS for detection of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) is not clearly defined in institutions that use multidetector CT for pancreatic imaging.', 'The aims of this study were to (1) compare the detection rates of EUS and CT by type and size of PNET and calculate the incremental benefit of EUS over ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.1856001615524292,
-1.6878628730773926,
1.879234790802002
] |
['Macrophages are the dominant phagocyte at sites of wound healing and inflammation, and the cellular and acellular debris encountered by macrophages can have profound effects on their inflammatory profile. Following interaction with apoptotic cells, macrophages are known to switch to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Ac... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5065717697143555,
-1.3030540943145752,
2.850446939468384
] |
['The dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3 grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) is an important pathogen recognition receptor of the innate immune system. DC-SIGN promoter variants play important role in the susceptibility to various infectious diseases. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy th... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.636008858680725,
-1.587167739868164,
2.2325501441955566
] |
['The multiple sclerosis is an immuno-mediated disorder of the Central Nervous System characterized by inflammatory processes and neurodegenerative changes. It has been shown that the endocannabinoid system is altered in this disease and that the exogenous cannabinoids may play a possible role in its therapeutic manage... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4590089321136475,
-1.2146220207214355,
2.7309346199035645
] |
['Immunosuppressive agents have been investigated in renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and have frequently demonstrated a beneficial effect. Most studies focused on treatment of the recipient at the time of transplantation. Pre-treatment of these organs before injury (pharmacological pre-conditioning) may partic... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.317049741744995,
-1.4191696643829346,
2.7999839782714844
] |
['To investigate whether the introduction of liquid-based cytology (LBC) in an urban setting decreases the diagnosis of glandular neoplasia (grade 6) and improves the positive predictive value (PPV) of cervical cytological screening.', 'A retrospective database review was conducted identifying women with cervical cytol... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.258552312850952,
-0.9282813668251038,
2.2730002403259277
] |
['Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity and insulin resistance. A connection between gestational diabetes mellitus and the functional -675 PAI-1 genotype has been reported. Therefore, we examined the role of the PAI-1 gene polymorphism in kidney transplant re... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6275842189788818,
-1.6527820825576782,
2.201112747192383
] |
['In order to unravel the mechanisms underlying the "sudden" onset of spontaneous absences in genetically prone subjects, we investigated the immediate precursors of spike-wave discharges (SWDs) produced in cortico-thalamo-cortical neuronal networks.', 'A time-frequency analysis of the cortical and thalamic ECoG of WAG... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.316554307937622,
-0.6292806267738342,
1.931193232536316
] |
['Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a hematologic disorder in dogs, but studies on prognostic factors and clinical outcome are lacking. In people, several prognostic factors have been identified and currently are used to manage patients and determine therapy.', 'The aim of the study was to determine if the immunoph... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.752869725227356,
-1.1926456689834595,
1.950175404548645
] |
['Little is known about the role of hepatitis B virus (HBV) factors in the long-term prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after resection. The objective of the present study was to identify the changing patterns of HBV levels and its effect on outcome after resection.', 'This study recruited 188 patients with HB... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.1104304790496826,
-1.6722846031188965,
1.7817728519439697
] |
['Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine, which may be up-regulated after trauma to the peripheral or central nervous system. Such changes include reactive gliosis and synaptic plasticity that are considered important responses to the proper regenerative response after injury. Also, IFNγ is involved in ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3396499156951904,
-1.3786823749542236,
2.7570419311523438
] |
['The aim of this study was to investigate whether physical evaluations could be used for predicting the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in non-obese snoring patients.', 'This is a retrospective study, and a total of 244 non-obese (body mass index, BMI, <27 kg/m(2)) snoring patients (178 men and ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.7912882566452026,
-1.4200528860092163,
2.266345739364624
] |
['B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), which is activated in heart failure (HF), is processed to an active form by corin. The corin gene is expressed in the human heart and kidney, but corin protein expression in the heart, kidney, and circulation, along with whether proBNP is processed by circulating corin, remains unkno... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.9457927942276,
-1.401378870010376,
2.468952178955078
] |
['The concept of the tissue selective estrogen complex (TSEC) combining a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with one or more estrogens, aims to provide comparable efficacy to combination estrogen and progestin therapy for symptomatic menopausal women with a uterus without the need for a progestin.', 'Publish... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.489711046218872,
-1.1508506536483765,
2.717301368713379
] |
['Few studies have examined the effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on intestinal anastomotic healing. The applied preparation methods and PRP concentrations used in the few studies that have been carried out varied markedly. Therefore, the positive effects of PRP on the anastomotic healing process remain unclear. Th... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.2314382791519165,
-1.7117879390716553,
1.9025251865386963
] |
['Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are known to have high prevalence of acne and elevated androgen levels. The current study aims to determine if dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) level is associated with the presence of acne and reduced risk of abdominal obesity in women with PCOS, after considering th... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.0096068382263184,
-1.4462392330169678,
2.4528815746307373
] |
['Recent genome-wide association (GWA) studies identified 10 chromosomal loci for coronary artery disease (CAD) or myocardial infarction (MI). However, these loci explain only a small proportion of the genetic variability of these pertinent diseases. We sought to identify additional CAD/MI loci by applying a three-stag... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.5107455253601074,
-1.6630550622940063,
1.220456600189209
] |
['The G allele of the CD45 77C/G SNP (rs17612648), which has previously been suggested to be associated with autoimmune disorders, was genotyped in 446 Swedish myasthenia gravis (MG) patients and 2303 matched controls.', 'There was no association between the polymorphism and patient group as a whole (p = 0.199), nor wi... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.1079354286193848,
-1.2398061752319336,
2.4509634971618652
] |
['Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in populations of European ancestry have identified several loci that confer an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC).', 'We studied the generalizability of the associations with 11 risk variants for CRC on 8q23 (rs16892766), 8q24 (rs6983267), 9p24 (rs719725), 10p14 (rs10795... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.2697727680206299,
-1.3630858659744263,
1.7125139236450195
] |
['Pemphigus is an autoimmune disease characterized by bullae, in which its chronicity and clinical manifestations generate alterations in the quality of life. In Brazil, the disease prevails in the states of the Midwest and Southeast. The study aimed to evaluate the profile and quality of life of patients with pemphigu... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.597360849380493,
-0.09988866746425629,
1.8547292947769165
] |
['The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of studies concerning current treatment of chondral defects of the knee.', 'The relevance for evidence based data and for successful surgical treatment of cartilage defects was evaluated. From 56,098 evaluated studies, 133 studies could be further pursued. Thes... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.0065388679504395,
-1.0510636568069458,
2.1264266967773438
] |
['Cognitive and attentional deficits in schizophrenia include impairment of the sensorimotor filter as measured by prepulse inhibition (PPI). In this way, the study of animals that naturally present low PPI responses could be a useful approach for screening new antipsychotic drugs. Several pieces of evidence suggest th... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.352508306503296,
-1.294054388999939,
2.6389732360839844
] |
['Interatrial septum pacing (IAS-P) decreases atrial conduction delay compared with right atrial appendage pacing (RAA-P). We evaluate the atrial contraction with strain rate of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) during sinus activation or with IAS-P or RAA-P.', 'Fifty-two patients with permanent pacemaker for sinus node dis... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.3461648225784302,
-1.7170671224594116,
2.042292594909668
] |
["It has been reported that a dorsal cloacal plate defect is associated with anorectal malformations (ARMs); however, there has been very little information reported about the developmental mechanisms involved with cloacal plate formation. Danforth's short tail (Sd) mutant mice show ARMs. In our previous study, the co-... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2323129177093506,
-1.3313572406768799,
2.624540090560913
] |
['The mechanisms underlying adverse electro-mechanical interaction after tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair remain unclear. This study investigated biventricular dyssynchrony in children with TOF and its relationship to exercise, QRS duration (QRSd) and ventricular mechanics.', "29 asymptomatic children (5-18 years) with... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.9371553659439087,
-1.5649487972259521,
2.47263240814209
] |
['Gender and ethnicity are powerful predictors of initiation and maintenance of cigarette smoking in adults but less is known about their role in smoking in adolescents. Consistent with human studies, rat models also reveal sex and strain differences in response to nicotine administration.', 'This research examined nic... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.0704948902130127,
-0.5192140936851501,
1.6398093700408936
] |
['• To investigate androgen receptor (AR) expression in a large series of patients with bladder cancer (BC) because data on a limited number of patients showed that loss of AR expression was associated with invasive BC.', '• A total of 472 patients with urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) from two institutional centres ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3100316524505615,
-0.9295173287391663,
2.319003105163574
] |
['• To elucidate the association of progression of advanced renal cell carcinoma with anaemia and investigate factors influencing tumor-associated anaemia.', '• We analyzed different clinical variables to study associations with anaemia in 86 metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients. • 45 (52%) of patients had already ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.798697829246521,
-1.4162673950195312,
2.243180751800537
] |
['To evaluate the clinical and pathologic features and the prognostic relevance of unclassified RCC with -TFE3 over-expression in our adult series. Recent studies suggest that renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) associated with the newly recognized Xp11.2 translocation (transcription factor E3 [TFE3] gene fusions) can be foun... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.8139852285385132,
-1.5661654472351074,
2.3687825202941895
] |
['We have previously shown that serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) is down-regulated in colorectal cancers (CRC) with respect to normal tissue. As hyper-methylation of promoter regions is a well-known mechanism of gene silencing in cancer, we tested whether the SGK1 promoter region was methylated in colonic... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.294241189956665,
-1.1526378393173218,
2.4970779418945312
] |
['Cancer stem cells/initiating cells (CSC/CIC), are thought to exist as a small population in malignant tissues. They are resistant to conventional cancer treatments and possibly underlie post-treatment relapse. The CIC population can be targeted with capsid modified oncolytic adenoviruses.', 'We studied the mechanisms... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4874744415283203,
-1.225214958190918,
2.7657535076141357
] |
['The phenotypic effects of the gr/gr partial azoospermia factor c deletion vary geographically and to our knowledge have not been reported in the American population. We evaluated the clinical characteristics of infertile American men with the gr/gr deletion.', 'We retrospectively reviewed clinical data on 1,410 infer... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.830220103263855,
-1.4552133083343506,
2.2980151176452637
] |
['Ureteral stents result in significant morbidity in many patients. Manufacturers have altered stent design and composition to minimize symptoms. The Polaris™ stent is made of a Percuflex® combination, providing a firm proximal aspect with a softer distal aspect to minimize symptoms. In this prospective, randomized stu... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.9248170852661133,
-1.2244952917099,
2.2219438552856445
] |
['Many inducible transcription factors are regulated through batteries of posttranslational modifications that couple their activity to inducing stimuli. We have studied such regulation of Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1), a key protein in control of the heat shock response, and a participant in carcinogenisis, neurological ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3667995929718018,
-0.9867885112762451,
2.399705410003662
] |
['There is growing evidence for the provision of foot orthoses when treating individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS), and prescription is frequently based on the assessment of foot posture/function. However, evaluation of the link between abnormal foot posture/function and foot orthoses outcomes has previo... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6331045627593994,
-0.9824239611625671,
1.6545438766479492
] |
['It has been shown that elevated levels of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases (ALT and AST) are associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, the pattern of this association in diabetic patients with negative or mild steatosis is not well understood. The aim of this study was to assess... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.112078905105591,
-1.4503247737884521,
2.5797767639160156
] |
['Biomarker levels in blood after traumatic brain injury (TBI) may offer diagnostic and prognostic tools in addition to clinical indices. This study aims to validate glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S100B concentrations in blood as outcome predictors of TBI using cutoff levels of 1.5 μg/L for GFAP and 1.13 μg... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.843377947807312,
-1.4091957807540894,
2.2904529571533203
] |
['We have previously shown that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have specific handwriting deficits consisting of poor form, and that these deficits are predicted by their motor abilities. It is not known whether the same handwriting impairments persist into adolescence and whether they remain linked to mot... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.133019208908081,
0.5155350565910339,
0.788829505443573
] |
['Previous studies have not extensively examined the association of hyperuricemia and adverse outcomes in systolic heart failure (HF) in relation to xanthine oxidase inhibitor therapy.', 'The Prospective Randomized Amlodipine Survival Evaluation study included New York Heart Association class IIIB or IV patients with l... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.738261103630066,
-1.6252944469451904,
2.3453152179718018
] |
['Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a component of Gram-positive bacterial cell walls, which has been found to be elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of patients suffering from meningitis. Moreover, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMP-9 especially, have been observed in patients with brain inflammatory diseases and may contribu... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.403567314147949,
-1.216135859489441,
2.669879198074341
] |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.