id stringlengths 6 8 | question stringlengths 17 664 | context listlengths 1 12 | response stringlengths 1 3.12k | answer stringclasses 3
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21112339 | Does intraperitoneal kisspeptin-10 administration induce dose-dependent degenerative changes in maturing rat testes? | [
"Kisspeptin, a peptide secreted by hypothalamic neurons, is a critical regulator of reproduction and puberty but its role in the regulation of gonadal maturation in sexually immature males is elusive. The present study investigated the effects of 12 days of pulsatile kisspeptin administration on gonadotropins and t... | In conclusion long-term kisspeptin-10 administration negatively regulates gonadal maturation in prepubertal testes. | yes |
10432395 | Do kidney cortex cells derived from SV40 transgenic mice retain intrinsic properties of polarized proximal tubule cells? | [
"We have developed a nontransformed immortalized mice kidney cortex epithelial cell (MKCC) culture from a mouse transgenic for a recombinant plasmid adeno-SV40 (PK4). Methods and Results. After 12 months in culture, the immortalized cells had a stable homogeneous epithelial-like phenotype, expressed simian virus 40... | Thus, the MKCC culture retains the structural and functional properties of proximal tubular cells. To our knowledge, it is the first cell culture obtained from transgenic mice that exhibits the NHE-3 antiporter and type II Na-Pi cotransporter. MKCCs also display functional receptors for PTH and Ang II. Thus, MKCCs offe... | yes |
20691085 | Is the ascorbic acid content of tomato fruits associated with the expression of genes involved in pectin degradation? | [
"High levels of ascorbic acid (AsA) in tomato fruits provide health benefits for humans and also play an important role in several aspects of plant life. Although AsA metabolism has been characterized in detail, the genetic mechanisms controlling AsA accumulation in tomatoes are poorly understood. The transcription... | Based on functional annotation, gene ontology classification and hierarchical clustering, a subset of the 253 differentially-expressed transcripts was used to develop a model to explain the higher AsA content in IL 12-4 fruits in terms of metabolic flux, precursor availability, demand for antioxidants, abundance of rea... | yes |
27838014 | Do patients With Failed Prior Two-Stage Exchange Have Poor Outcomes After Further Surgical Intervention? | [
"Failure of 2-stage exchange arthroplasty for the management of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) poses a major clinical challenge. There is a paucity of information regarding the outcomes of further surgical intervention in these patients. Thus, we aim to report the clinical outcomes of subsequent surgery for a... | Further surgical intervention after a failed prior 2-stage exchange arthroplasty has poor outcomes. Although I&D has a high failure rate, many patients who are deemed candidates for a second 2-stage exchange either do not undergo reimplantation or fail after reimplantation. The management of PJI clearly remains imperfe... | yes |
25011353 | Is the allergenic structure of the thaumatin-like protein Ole e 13 degraded by processing of raw olive fruits? | [
"The thaumatin-like protein (TLP) Ole e 13 in raw olive fruit is responsible for occupational allergy in olive oil mill workers. However, these workers do not experience allergic symptoms after ingestion of edible olive.",
"To analyze the presence of IgE-reactive TLP in raw and edible olive fruit and to assess th... | IgE-reactive TLP is not present in edible olive, thus explaining the low number of patients allergic to this highly consumed fruit. Patients allergic to olive pollen are not sensitized toTLP and, therefore, not expected to be at risk of food allergy to olive fruit or TLP plant sources. | yes |
24755140 | Do parents as moderators of longitudinal associations between sexual peer norms and Dutch adolescents ' sexual initiation and intention? | [
"The present study investigated how parents and peers interact in promoting or delaying Dutch adolescents' sexual initiation and intention and focused specifically on parents as moderators of peer influence.",
"Using a longitudinal design, two waves of online questionnaire data were collected among 900 Dutch adol... | Our findings show that different types of sexual peer norms and both general and sexuality-specific parenting play an important role in the early stages of Dutch adolescents' sexual trajectories. Moreover, parent-adolescent communication about sexuality can function as a buffer for the sex-stimulating effects of sexual... | yes |
19833882 | Is carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein ( ChREBP ) a negative regulator of ARNT/HIF-1beta gene expression in pancreatic islet beta-cells? | [
"Carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP) is a transcription factor that has been shown to regulate carbohydrate metabolism in the liver and pancreatic beta-cells in response to elevated glucose concentrations. Because few genes have been identified so far as bona fide ChREBP-target genes, we have p... | These results demonstrate that ChREBP acts as a novel repressor of the ARNT/HIF-1beta gene and might contribute to beta-cell dysfunction induced by glucotoxicity. | yes |
7831704 | Does n-acetylcysteine enhance hippocampal neuronal survival after transient forebrain ischemia in rats? | [
"Free radical scavengers enhance neuronal survival in some models of transient forebrain ischemia. Recent experiments have suggested that N-acetylcysteine prevents cellular injury after a reperfusion injury. No information is available regarding the neuroprotective potential of the free radical scavenger N-acetylcy... | N-Acetylcysteine partially improved neuronal survival when administered before or after ischemia following transient cerebral ischemia (mean arterial blood pressure, 45 mm Hg) but not with a more severe ischemic insult of 10 minutes of transient cerebral ischemia with a mean arterial blood pressure of 30 mm Hg. | yes |
26346797 | Is comorbidity associated with pain-related activity limitations in multiple sclerosis? | [
"Comorbidities are common in multiple sclerosis (MS). The high prevalence of pain in MS is well-established but the influence of comorbidities on pain, specifically, pain-related interference in activity is not.",
"To examine the relationship between comorbidity and pain in MS.",
"We recruited 949 consecutive p... | Comorbidity is associated with pain in persons with MS. Closer examination of these associations may provide guidance for better management of this disabling symptom in MS. | yes |
25023662 | Is the homeobox gene EMX2 a prognostic and predictive marker in malignant pleural mesothelioma? | [
"Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive neoplasm with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. EMX2 is a homeobox transcription factor that may regulate key developmental pathways known to promote tumorigenesis. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic and predictive significance of EM... | EMX2 expression is downregulated in advanced cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma and may serve as an important prognostic and predictive molecular biomarker of progression-free survival. | yes |
25115424 | Is trainee participation associated with adverse outcomes in emergency general surgery : an analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database? | [
"To identify whether resident involvement affects clinically relevant outcomes in emergency general surgery.",
"Previous research has demonstrated a significant impact of trainee participation on outcomes in a broad surgical patient population.",
"We identified 141,010 patients who underwent emergency general s... | Trainee participation is associated with adverse outcomes in emergency general surgery procedures. | yes |
19151194 | Do variable tidal volumes improve lung protective ventilation strategies in experimental lung injury? | [
"Noisy ventilation with variable Vt may improve respiratory function in acute lung injury.",
"To determine the impact of noisy ventilation on respiratory function and its biological effects on lung parenchyma compared with conventional protective mechanical ventilation strategies.",
"In a porcine surfactant dep... | Noisy ventilation with variable Vt and fixed respiratory frequency improves respiratory function and reduces histological damage compared with standard protective ventilation strategies. | yes |
21647721 | Are adult patients more catabolic than children during acute phase after burn injury : a retrospective analysis on muscle protein kinetics? | [
"This study was performed to determine if there is an age-related specificity in the response of muscle protein metabolism to severe burn injury during acute hospitalization. This is a retrospective analysis of previously published data.",
"Nineteen adult and 58 pediatric burn-injured patients (age 43.3 ± 14.3 vs... | In burn injury, the muscle protein breakdown may be affected to the same extent in adults and children, whereas synthesis may have age-related specificities, resulting in a better but still low NB in children. | yes |
26279438 | Does interleukin-17 stimulate STAT3-Mediated Endothelial Cell Activation for Neutrophil Recruitment? | [
"Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a major pro-inflammatory cytokine that initiates and maintains inflammation. However, the molecular mechanisms as to how IL-17 influences endothelial cells to promote neutrophil recruitment are not fully understood.",
"Human endothelial cells (HMECs) were stimulated with IL-17, and inve... | IL-17 induced STAT3 activation as a necessary step in endothelial cell activation and neutrophil recruitment. | yes |
19860817 | Does increased vascular permeability precede cellular inflammation as asthma control deteriorates? | [
"Airway microcirculation is abnormal in asthma but the role of vascular changes in asthma deteriorations remains poorly defined. We prospectively assessed the vascular changes accompanying worsening of asthma control by using an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) dose-reduction model.",
"To evaluate airway vascularity,... | Our results suggest that airway vascular leakage is a major pathophysiologic feature of early asthma deterioration, occurring before recrudescence of cellular inflammation. | yes |
15956943 | Do anterior chamber intraocular lens ( ACIOL ) placement after pars plana lensectomy in pediatric Marfan syndrome? | [
"The management of subluxed crystalline lenses in patients with Marfan syndrome is challenging and may require lensectomy. Options for postoperative optical correction include aphakic spectacles, aphakic contact lens, posterior chamber IOLs sutured to the ciliary sulcus, and open-loop flexible anterior chamber IOLs... | Although long-term follow-up data are unavailable, our cases of primary ACIOL placement in children with Marfan syndrome indicate that this therapy should be considered. | yes |
17205445 | Does direct E-test ( AB Biodisk ) of respiratory samples improve antimicrobial use in ventilator-associated pneumonia? | [
"Ventilator-associated pneumonia is the most frequently observed nosocomial infection in intensive care units, and it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Early microbiological diagnosis and the initial administration of appropriate antimicrobial therapy are associated with decreased mortality and poten... | A rapid E-test of respiratory tract samples improves antimicrobial use in cases of ventilator-associated pneumonia. | yes |
11533600 | Does folate supplementation inhibit intimal hyperplasia induced by a high-homocysteine diet in a rat carotid endarterectomy model? | [
"Hyperhomocysteinemia has been implicated as a causative factor in intimal hyperplasia development. The addition of dietary folate in a hyperhomocysteinemia, carotid endarterectomy rat model is postulated to decrease plasma homocysteine levels and, in turn, reduce post-carotid endarterectomy intimal hyperplasia.",
... | The use of folate in this hyperhomocysteinemia carotid endarterectomy model and the resultant attenuation of plasma homocysteine elevation and intimal hyperplasia development lend strong support to homocysteine being an independent etiologic factor in post-carotid endarterectomy intimal hyperplasia. | yes |
23788960 | Does dNA damage induced by oridonin involve cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in human MCF-7 cells? | [
"To study the mechanisms of inhibition of cell growth and induction of DNA damage in oridonin-treated MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.",
"The cytotoxicity of oridonin-treated MCF-7 cells was measured by MTT assay. Cell cycle phase distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry. P-ATM, P-CHK2, γH2AX and P-P53 protein... | DNA damage provokes p53-mediated G2/M cell cycle arrest in oridonin-induced MCF-7 cells through the mechanism of CHK2 activation by activated ATM protein kinase, which is induced by oridonin. | yes |
27350745 | Does home-based neuromuscular electrical stimulation improve exercise tolerance and health-related quality of life in patients with COPD? | [
"This retrospective, observational study of a routine clinical practice reports the feasibility and efficiency of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), including transcutaneous neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) or usual endurance physical exercise (UEPE), on exercise tolerance, anxiety/depression, and... | Home-based PR including self-monitored NMES seems feasible and effective for severely disabled COPD patients with severe exercise intolerance. | yes |
26747397 | Do in vitro initial stability of a stemless humeral implant? | [
"Stemless humeral prostheses have been recently introduced. We measured for the first time their in vitro primary stability and analyzed the influence of three clinically important parameters (bone quality, implant size and post-operative loading) on micromotion. We also assessed if displacement sensors are appropr... | Micromotion of this stemless design was shown to be significantly dependent on cancellous bone density. Patients must therefore have adequate bone quality for this procedure. The influence of load magnitude on micromotion emphasizes the need for controlled post-operative rehabilitation. Measurements with displacement s... | yes |
23332608 | Does anxiety treatment improve physical functioning with oblique scoring of the SF-12 short form health survey? | [
"No studies have found a positive effect of anxiety treatment on physical functioning, but recent investigations of the 12-item Short Form Health Questionnaire (SF-12), which is frequently used to assess physical functioning, have suggested that orthogonal scoring of the summary measure may distort representations ... | Evidence-based treatment for anxiety disorders in primary care improves physical functioning when measured using oblique scoring of the SF-12. Due to this scoring issue, effects of mental health treatment on physical functioning may have been understated. | yes |
11403357 | Does angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor restrain inflammation-induced vascular injury in mice? | [
"Recent advances in molecular genetics made the mouse model important for studying the genetic basis of hypertension and vascular diseases such as the components of the renin-angiotensin system. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in the mouse vascular injury mod... | This study provides evidence that ACE plays a role in cuff-induced neointimal thickening in mice. Nitric oxide may contribute, at least in part, to the inhibitory effects of perindopril. | yes |
18328107 | Do single mitochondrial gene barcodes reliably identify sister-species in diverse clades of birds? | [
"DNA barcoding of life using a standardized COI sequence was proposed as a species identification system, and as a method for detecting putative new species. Previous tests in birds showed that individuals can be correctly assigned to species in ~94% of the cases and suggested a threshold of 10x mean intraspecific ... | Closely related sister species of birds can be identified reliably by barcodes of fixed diagnostic substitutions in COI sequences, verifying coalescent-based statistical tests of reciprocal monophyly for taxonomic distinctiveness. Contrary to recent criticisms, a single DNA barcode is a rapid way to discover monophylet... | yes |
9815874 | Is albumin microbubble persistence during myocardial contrast echocardiography associated with microvascular endothelial glycocalyx damage? | [
"We hypothesized that the persistence of albumin microbubbles within the myocardium during crystalloid cardioplegia (CP) infusion and ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) occurs because of endothelial injury.",
"The myocardial transit rate of albumin microbubbles was measured in 18 dogs perfused with different CP solutions... | Sonicated albumin microbubbles persist within the myocardium in situations in which the endothelial glycocalyx is damaged. The measurement of the myocardial transit rate of albumin microbubbles may provide an in vivo assessment of endothelial glycocalyx damage. | yes |
12454860 | Does genome-wide analysis of hepatic fibrosis in inbred mice identify the susceptibility locus Hfib1 on chromosome 15? | [
"Host genetic factors are likely to contribute to the variable course of hepatic fibrosis in response to chronic liver injury. Similarly, the fibrotic response differs among inbred mouse strains after challenge with CCl(4). Our aim was to identify unknown susceptibility loci for hepatic fibrosis in a cross between ... | The set of inbred strains provides a framework for systematic analysis of fibrogenic genes. QTL mapping is useful to identify genetic susceptibility loci for hepatic fibrosis that might harbor new molecular targets for antifibrotic drug design. | yes |
22722417 | Does lower concentration of chlorhexidine and cetyl-pyridinium chloride mouthwash demonstrate some efficacy? | [
"Randomised, parallel arm, double blind, placebo controlled trial.",
"Forty-seven non-compliant patients with inadequate oral hygiene procedures were randomly allocated into test (22 patients) and placebo (25 patients) groups. The test group received a mouthrinse containing 0.05% CHX and 0.05% CPC as active ingre... | The authors concluded that the tested mouthrinse demonstrated efficacy in reducing plaque and gingivitis, as well as decreasing the microbial load in saliva and gingival sulcus. | yes |
27227112 | Does high definition i-SCAN endoscopy with water immersion technique accurately reflect histological severity of celiac disease? | [
"Severe villous atrophy can be revealed with conventional white light endoscopy (WLE), however, milder grades or patchy villous atrophy are more difficult to detect. Novel endoscopic techniques such as high definition i-SCAN endoscopy with the water immersion technique (i-SCAN-HDWI) may provide the ability to visua... | i-SCAN-HDWI endoscopy can reflect the histological severity of celiac disease more accurately than conventional WLE alone. This novel endoscopic imaging can improve the diagnostic yield of duodenal biopsies in celiac patients, especially for those with a patchy distribution of villous damage. | yes |
17525365 | Is vascular endothelial growth factor induced by the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and oncostatin m in human adipose tissue in vitro and in murine adipose tissue in vivo? | [
"It is believed that adipose tissue acts as an endocrine organ by producing inflammatory mediators and thereby contributes to the increased cardiovascular risk seen in obesity. A link between adipose tissue mass and angiogenesis has been suggested. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) seems to be implicated in... | We speculate that the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and OSM might support angiogenesis during adipose tissue growth by upregulating VEGF. | yes |
18379409 | Are adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis osteoporotic? | [
"Case controlled study.",
"To explore the relative effects of body mass index (BMI) and the presence or absence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) on bone mineral density (BMD) as evidenced by Z-scores in adolescents.",
"Prior studies have identified adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis as having \"osteo... | Z-scores in subjects with and without scoliosis were most strongly correlated to BMI: thin patients had lower bone density, heavy patients had higher. The presence of scoliosis had an effect similar to subtracting 3.4 "BMI units," lowering the Z-score from what might otherwise be predicted. The "scoliosis effect" may b... | no |
18929241 | Do cD40 ligand+ microparticles from human atherosclerotic plaques stimulate endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis a potential mechanism for intraplaque neovascularization? | [
"Our goal was to demonstrate that microparticles (MPs) are the endogenous signal leading to neovessel formation through CD40 ligation in human atherosclerotic plaques.",
"Vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques prone to rupture are characterized by an increased number of vasa vasorum and frequent intraplaque hemorrhag... | These results demonstrate that MPs isolated from human atherosclerotic lesions express CD40L, stimulate endothelial cell proliferation after CD40 ligation, and promote in vivo angiogenesis. Therefore, MPs could represent a major determinant of intraplaque neovascularization and plaque vulnerability. | yes |
24606809 | Is clock gene Bmal1 dispensable for intrinsic properties of murine hematopoietic stem cells? | [
"Circadian rhythms are known to influence a variety of biological phenomena such as cell cycle, sleep-wake rhythm, hormone release and other important physiological functions. Given that cell cycle entry of hibernating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) plays a critical role in controlling hematopoiesis, we asked func... | This paper discusses the necessity of circadian rhythms for HSC functions. Our data clearly shows that a key circadian clock gene Bmal1 is dispensable for intrinsic functions of HSCs, such as differentiation, proliferation and repopulating ability. | yes |
10585301 | Is response to inhaled nitric oxide ( NO ) associated with changes of plasma cGMP levels in patients with acute lung injury? | [
"A clinically relevant increase of PaO subset2 or decrease of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) upon inhalation of NO (iNO) does occur in only 60 to 80% of patients with acute lung injury. The mechanisms for divergent responses of different patients have not yet been fully elucidated. Since NO mediates its pulmon... | Inhalation of NO significantly stimulates soluble guanylate cyclase within the lungs in patients with acute lung injury. However, neither baseline cGMP nor its rise during treatment with inhaled NO can predict the clinical efficacy of iNO in humans. Furthermore, the fact that increased cGMP concentrations were detected... | no |
8670781 | Does entactin modulate the attachment of rabbit corneal epithelial cells? | [
"To understand the biological activity of entactin, a component of the basement membrane of the corneal epithelium, we investigated the ability of rabbit corneal epithelial cells to attach to an entactin matrix and the effect of entactin on the cells' attachment to other corneal basement proteins.",
"Multiwell pl... | The present results showed that cultured corneal epithelial cells adhere to entactin and that entactin stimulated the attachment of these cells to the laminin matrix. These findings suggest that entactin plays a specific role in maintaining the normal integrity of the corneal epithelium. | yes |
19709357 | Is the cardiac biomarker NT-proBNP increased in dogs with azotemia? | [
"Amino-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) has been proposed as a useful biomarker for heart disease in dogs. In humans, decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) increases NT-proBNP.",
"To investigate whether decreased GFR as indicated by plasma creatinine concentration is associated with increase... | Azotemia results in NT-proBNP being increased to concentrations reported as diagnostic of heart disease or heart failure in dogs. Care should be employed when interpreting the results of NT-proBNP in patients with known or possible increased plasma creatinine concentration. | yes |
9681890 | Does the radiosensitivity of human fibroblast cell lines correlate with residual levels of DNA double-strand breaks? | [
"To study the correlation of residual DNA double-strand breakage after irradiation and cellular radiosensitivity in cells showing marked differences in radiosensitivity.",
"The levels of DNA double-strand breaks remaining at 4 h after irradiation were measured by graded-voltage gel electrophoresis in fibroblast c... | This correlation confirms another published study and extends it to cell lines with other genetic defects. The technique may be useful in the development of rapid assays to predict the sensitivity of normal tissues in patients receiving radiotherapy. | yes |
21210906 | Does incidence and risk factors of hospital fall on long-term care wards in Japan? | [
"Falls among hospitalized patients are an important patient safety issue. In particular, the incidence of falls and risk of related injuries among the elderly are particularly high. Because the epidemiology of falls is not well scrutinized in Japanese long-term care wards, we evaluated the incidence and risk factor... | Many patients on long-term care wards in Japan were elderly and experienced falls during their hospital stay, with consequent injuries. Taking into account the risk factors identified, we need to devise effective strategies to prevent falls and related injuries. | yes |
20422873 | Does body mass index influence long-term outcome in patients with colorectal cancer? | [
"The influence of high Body Mass Index (BMI) on long-term outcome is scarcely known in patients with colorectal carcinoma.",
"In the present study was analysed 356 consecutive patients with colorectal carcinoma, in order to address the impact of BMI on patients' characteristics, surgical procedures, and clinical ... | Both high and low BMI became independent prognostic factors of disease recurrence in patients with colorectal carcinoma, as low BMI was correlated with tumor progression and high BMI influenced the number of lymph node dissected. | yes |
25491100 | Does iL-1 mediate amyloid-associated islet dysfunction and inflammation in human islet amyloid polypeptide transgenic mice? | [
"Aggregation of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) to form amyloid contributes to beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Human but not non-amyloidogenic rodent IAPP induces islet macrophage proIL-1β synthesis. We evaluated the effect of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) on islet inflammation and dysfunction in a m... | These data provide the first in vivo evidence—using a transgenic mouse model with amyloid deposits resembling those found in human islets—that IAPP-induced beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes may be mediated by IL-1. Anti-IL-1 therapies may limit islet inflammation and dysfunction associated with amyloid formation... | yes |
20145424 | Does preprandial single oral dose of sitagliptin affect circulating ghrelin and gastrin levels in normal subjects? | [
"To determine the effect of an oral dose of sitagliptin on the secretion of ghrelin and gastrin hormones.",
"Ten healthy volunteers were recruited in this study. A baseline blood sample was drawn before oral dosing with a 100-mg tablet of sitagliptin. Two blood samples were obtained 0.5 and 1 h after dosing. Thre... | Preprandial oral dose of sitagliptin does not affect circulating ghrelin, gastrin, insulin, and glucose concentrations in normal subjects. Decreased ghrelin and increased gastrin and insulin levels occurred only after meal loading. These results support the theory that sitagliptin might not cause appetite-enhanced body... | no |
20338593 | Does adenovirus-mediated siRNA targeting c-Met inhibit proliferation and invasion of small-cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) cells? | [
"The hepatocyte growth factor receptor c-Met and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) have been reported to be involved in cellular motility, growth, and invasion by activating mitogenic signaling pathways. The overexpression of c-Met gene has been found in many malignant cancers, but the roles of c-Met overex... | Taken together, our results indicated that the overexpression of c-Met gene played an important role in the progression and development of SCLC, and adenovirus-mediated siRNA targeting c-Met could potentially be an experimental approach for SCLC gene therapy. | yes |
21470285 | Is dyslipidaemia associated with testosterone , oestradiol and androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism in men with type 2 diabetes? | [
"There is a high prevalence of low testosterone and dyslipidaemia in men with type 2 diabetes. The androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism (AR CAG) affects receptor transcriptional activity (the shorter repeats the more sensitive AR) and is associated with androgenic parameters and obesity. This study describes t... | Lower testosterone and oestradiol levels in men with diabetes are associated with an adverse lipid profile. Shorter AR CAG is associated with low HDL-C and testosterone. The paradox that HDL-C is associated with low testosterone levels and a more active AR may suggest divergent effect of testosterone on HDL-C via genom... | yes |
20815017 | Is phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway involved in estradiol 17β-D-glucuronide-induced cholestasis : complementarity with classical protein kinase C? | [
"Estradiol 17β-D-glucuronide (E(2)17G) is an endogenous, cholestatic metabolite that induces endocytic internalization of the canalicular transporters relevant to bile secretion: bile salt export pump (Bsep) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2). We assessed whether phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) i... | The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is involved in the biliary secretory failure induced by E(2)17G through sustained internalization of canalicular transporters endocytosed via cPKC. | yes |
23246018 | Are cor a 1-reactive T cells and IgE predominantly cross-reactive to Bet v 1 in patients with birch pollen-associated food allergy to hazelnut? | [
"IgE- and T-cell cross-reactivity contribute to the birch pollen-food syndrome.",
"We performed a comprehensive analysis of T-cell cross-reactivity in primary cell cultures, facilitating the identification of allergen-specific T-cell subpopulations from individual patients.",
"Patients with birch pollen allergy... | Analysis of primary allergen-specific T cells combined with flow cytometry-based proliferation assays facilitates investigation of allergen-specific T-cell subpopulations in subjects and might be helpful to evaluate the effect of birch-specific immunotherapy on pollen-associated food allergies. | yes |
8719450 | Are routine surveillance myocardial biopsies unnecessary beyond one year after heart transplantation? | [
"Myocardial rejection is most apt to occur in the first 90 days after heart transplantation. Nevertheless, surveillance endomyocardial biopsies are often performed on a regular basis, indefinitely. The benefit of this approach to patient management is uncertain. Our objective was to determine the frequency of abnor... | Myocardial rejection is rare beyond 1 year after transplantation. The routine endomyocardial biopsy does not significantly impact patient management beyond 1 year. A selective approach to myocardial biopsies, on the basis of a change in clinical status or immunosuppressive medications, is justified. | yes |
18315552 | Is alanine aminotransferase associated with atherothrombotic risk factors in a British South Asian population? | [
"Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) predicts the development of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease in Caucasian subjects.",
"This study aimed to determine the incidence of an elevated ALT and its relationship to metabolic and atherothrombotic risk factors in a healthy British South Asian population."... | Raised ALT is common in apparently healthy British South Asians, and is significantly associated with an adverse metabolic and atherothrombotic risk profile. | yes |
16385331 | Are high dose magnesium infusions associated with increased pressor requirements after carotid endarterectomy? | [
"Although magnesium provides cerebral protection in animal stroke models, magnesium therapy has significant side effects in humans. Therefore, we sought to examine the incidence of alpha-agonist treated hypotension in our ongoing, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase I/IIa dose escalation... | There were no significant differences detected in the 1) percentage of patients requiring pressor support, 2) the duration of postoperative pressor support, or 3) the amount of phenylephrine support needed between controls and magnesium treated patients. The percentage of patients requiring pressure support depended on... | no |
24676755 | Does postchemotherapy and tumor-selective targeting with the La-specific DAB4 monoclonal antibody relate to apoptotic cell clearance? | [
"Early identification of tumor responses to treatment is crucial for devising more effective and safer cancer treatments. No widely applicable, noninvasive method currently exists for specifically detecting tumor cell death after cytotoxic treatment and thus for predicting treatment outcomes.",
"We have further c... | Collectively, these results further demonstrate the selectivity of DAB4 for chemotherapy-induced dead tumor cells. This postchemotherapy selectivity is related to a relative increase in the availability of DAB4-binding targets in tumor tissue rather than in normal tissues. The in vitro findings were translated in vivo ... | yes |
24606079 | Is vitamin D deficiency associated with inflammation in older Irish adults? | [
"Inadequate vitamin D status is common within elderly populations and may be implicated in the etiology of autoimmune disease and inflammation. Few studies have investigated the relationship between vitamin D status and age-related immune dysfunction in humans.",
"The aim of this study was to investigate the asso... | This study demonstrated significant associations between low vitamin D status and markers of inflammation (including the ratio of IL-6 to IL-10) within elderly adults. These findings suggest that an adequate vitamin D status may be required for optimal immune function, particularly within the older adult population. | yes |
15297628 | Does serum S100B predict a malignant course of infarction in patients with acute middle cerebral artery occlusion? | [
"Early predictors of infarct volume may improve therapeutic decisions in patients with acute cerebral ischemia. We investigated whether measurements of serum astroglial protein S100B can predict a malignant course of infarction in acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion.",
"We included 51 patients (24 women,... | The serum marker S100B can predict a malignant course of infarction in proximal MCA occlusion. This finding may improve the identification and monitoring of patients at particularly high risk for herniation. | yes |
27165536 | Are cognitive deficits ameliorated by reduction in amyloid β accumulation in Tg2576/p75 ( NTR+/- ) mice? | [
"Amyloid β (Aβ) is considered to be an important mediator of the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Its direct binding to p75(NTR), not TrkA, induces apoptosis, which is thought to be the most relevant feature of p75(NTR) regarding AD. In the present study we explored the regulation of p75(NTR... | Here, we investigated the mechanism by which p75(NTR) regulates Aβ production and accumulation. Better understanding the relationship between p75(NTR) and Aβ producing may help taking insight into the AD pathology. | yes |
18177823 | Does blockade of c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation abrogate hyperglycemia-induced yolk sac vasculopathy in vitro? | [
"Maternal hyperglycemia has an impact on both the function and morphology of the rodent visceral yolk sac; the objective of the present study was to determine whether hyperglycemia in vitro affects yolk sac vasculogenesis. Because maternal hyperglycemia triggers c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1 and 2 activation in t... | Hyperglycemia in vitro induces yolk sac vasculopathy. Embryonic malformation is inversely correlated with the yolk sac vasculature development, suggesting that hyperglycemia-induced yolk sac vasculopathy may be one of the causative factors in hyperglycemia-induced embryonic malformation. Blockade of JNK1/2 activation r... | yes |
8790603 | Do circulating fibrocytes define a new leukocyte subpopulation that mediates tissue repair? | [
"The host response to tissue injury requires a complex interplay of diverse cellular, humoral, and connective tissue elements. Fibroblasts participate in this process by proliferating within injured sites and contributing to scar formation and the longterm remodeling of damaged tissue. Fibroblasts present in areas ... | Blood-borne fibrocytes contribute to scar formation and may play an important role both in normal wound repair and in pathological fibrotic responses. | yes |
25182955 | Is diplotypes of CYP2C9 gene associated with coronary artery disease in the Xinjiang Han population for women in China? | [
"Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 is expressed in the vascular endothelium and metabolizes arachidonic acid to biologically active epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), which have the crucial role in the modulation of cardiovascular homeostasis. We sought to assess the association between the human CYP2C9 gene and coronary ar... | CC genotype of rs2475376 and C-C-A-T haplotype in CYP2C9 may be a risk genetic marker of CAD in women. T allele of rs2475376, the haplotype (C-T-A-C) and the diplotype (CTAC/CTAC) could be protective genetic markers of CAD for women in Han population of China. | yes |
20568265 | Is increasing derangement of glucose homeostasis associated with increased arterial stiffness in patients with diabetes , impaired fasting glucose and normal controls? | [
"Glucose intolerance produces structural and functional changes in the arterial wall. The present study investigated association between glucose tolerance status and arterial stiffness in subjects with normal and impaired glucose regulation (IGR).",
"The study group consisted of 284 subjects, including 111 subjec... | Arterial stiffness parameters varied significantly across subgroups of patients with different degrees of impaired glucose regulation, such that increasingly deranged glucose homeostasis was associated with increased arterial stiffness. Early adverse vascular changes were detected in subjects with IFG. | yes |
24671452 | Does downregulating sCLU enhance the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to gemcitabine by activating the intrinsic apoptosis pathway? | [
"The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the therapeutic activity of gemcitabine (GCB) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) could be increased by the down-regulation of secretory clusterin (sCLU), a glycoprotein that is considered to play a cytoprotective role in the resistance to chemotherapy.",
"The e... | Targeting sCLU may be a useful method to enhance the cytotoxic effect of GCB in hepatocellular carcinoma. | yes |
23672878 | Does farnesyltransferase inhibitor R115777 protect against vascular disease in uremic mice? | [
"Atherosclerosis and vascular calcification are major contributors to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among chronic kidney disease patients. The mevalonate pathway may play a role in this vascular pathology. Farnesyltransferase inhibitors such as R115777 block one branch of mevalonate pathway. We studied the... | We show for the first time that farnesyltransferase inhibition slows vascular disease progression in chronic renal failure by both indirect systemic and direct local actions. This beneficial effect was mediated via a reduction in oxidative stress and favorable changes in vasoprotective peptides. | yes |
23683277 | Does adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin-dependent autophagy protect human dental pulp cells against hypoxia? | [
"Human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) are recalcitrant to hypoxic stress. We investigated whether hypoxia-induced autophagy of HDPCs offered these cells a survival advantage and the underlying mechanism of this resistance.",
"The viability and apoptosis of HDPCs were examined after exposure to hypoxia by Vi-CELL cell ... | Our results suggested that autophagy of HDPCs might be cytoprotective against hypoxic stress via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. | yes |
25005196 | Do evaluation of pars plana sclera fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lens? | [
"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of modified posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) implantation with transscleral fixation.",
"This is a study, which is conducted at Department of Ophthalmology, Jinan Eye Hospital, Jinan Second People's Hospital.",
"A total of 82 ... | Modified sutured PCIOL implantation is a safe, effective, and feasible technique for the correction of aphakia in eyes without adequate posterior capsular support. | yes |
11445632 | Does testosterone supplementation improve spatial and verbal memory in healthy older men? | [
"To determine the relationship between exogenous testosterone administration and cognitive abilities in a population of healthy older men.",
"Serum levels of total and bioavailable testosterone gradually decrease with age in men and are associated with reductions in muscle mass, osteoporosis, decreased sexual act... | The results suggest that short-term testosterone administration enhances cognitive function in healthy older men. However, it remains unclear whether these improvements in cognition are attributable to increased testosterone or estradiol levels, or both. The potential role of testosterone vs its metabolites on cognitio... | yes |
12893208 | Is the proto-oncogene c-kit expressed in leiomyosarcomas of the uterus? | [
"The proto-oncogene c-kit encodes for a 145-kDa transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor. Interaction with its ligand, stem cell factor, is essential in the development of hematopoietic stem cells, mast cells, gametocytes, melanocytes, and interstitial cells of Cajal. C-kit expression has been identified in a number ... | C-kit is expressed in uterine leiomyosarcomas and endometrial stromal sarcomas. Adjunctive diagnostic studies using c-kit may be useful in distinguishing leiomyosarcomas from benign leiomyomas in uterine tumors that offer uncharacteristic features. Furthermore, studies should investigate the prospect of treating these ... | yes |
24603056 | Does calcium sensing receptor promote cardiac fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix secretion? | [
"Calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) acts as a G protein coupled receptor that mediates the increase of the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. The expression of CaR has been confirmed in various cell types, including cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells, neurons and vascular endothelial cells. However, whether CaR is ex... | Our results are the first report that CaR plays an important role in Ca(2+) signaling involved in cardiac fibrosis through the phospholipase C- inositol 3,4,5 phosphate (PLC-IP3) pathway. | yes |
24711440 | Is disposition to home or acute rehabilitation associated with a favorable clinical outcome in the SENTIS trial? | [
"To explore the impact of stroke severity and discharge disposition on 90-day outcomes in US patients enrolled in the SENTIS trial.",
"SENTIS is a previously published prospective randomized controlled trial. We analyzed the demographic information, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scores (NIHSS) on day 4, di... | This analysis shows that discharge to an IRF is associated with better neurological outcomes than discharge to a SNF. Additionally, patients with a NIHSS of ≥ 14 at day 4 are unlikely to achieve independent function. | yes |
26746219 | Does compliance with dietary guidelines affect capillary recruitment in healthy middle-aged men and women? | [
"Healthy microcirculation is important to maintain the health of tissues and organs, most notably the heart, kidney and retina. Single components of the diet such as salt, lipids and polyphenols may influence microcirculation, but the effects of dietary patterns that are consistent with current dietary guidelines a... | Adherence to dietary guidelines may help maintain a healthy microcirculation in middle-aged men and women. This study is registered at www.isrctn.com as ISRCTN92382106. | yes |
26215257 | Does muscle ring finger-3 protect against diabetic cardiomyopathy induced by a high fat diet? | [
"The pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) involves the enhanced activation of peroxisome proliferator activating receptor (PPAR) transcription factors, including the most prominent isoform in the heart, PPARα. In cancer cells and adipocytes, post-translational modification of PPARs have been identified, in... | These findings suggest that MuRF3 helps stabilize cardiac PPARα and PPARγ1 in vivo to support resistance to the development of DCM. MuRF3 also plays an unexpected role in regulating fat storage despite being found only in striated muscle. | yes |
18682443 | Is rEM sleep behaviour disorder in Parkinson 's disease associated with specific motor features? | [
"Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is commonly associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), and recent studies have suggested that RBD in PD is associated with increased cognitive impairment, waking EEG slowing, autonomic impairment and lower quality of life on mental health components. However, ... | The presence of altered motor subtypes in PD with RBD suggests that patients with PD and RBD may have a different underlying pattern of neurodegeneration than PD patients without RBD. | yes |
22405699 | Is biopsy diagnosis of intraductal carcinoma prognostic in intermediate and high risk prostate cancer patients treated by radiotherapy? | [
"We investigated the prognostic significance of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) in biopsies and transurethral resections prior to external beam radiotherapy with or without androgen deprivation.",
"Cohort 1 consisted of 118 intermediate risk prostate cancer patients treated by radiotherapy, with bio... | IDC-P in diagnostic samples of patients with intermediate or high risk prostate cancer is an independent prognosticator of early biochemical relapse and metastatic failure rate after radiotherapy. We suggest that the presence of IDC-P in prostate biopsies should routinely be reported. | yes |
22392113 | Do serum C-reactive protein levels predict neurological outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage? | [
"Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and the neurological prognosis and development of vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).",
"Eighty-two adult patients with aSAH diagnoses were prospectively evaluated. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) sc... | Increased serum CRP levels were strongly associated with worse clinical prognosis in this study. | yes |
20831624 | Do chronic kidney disease stages 1-3 increase the risk of venous thrombosis? | [
"End-stage renal disease has been associated with venous thrombosis (VT). However, the risk of VT in the early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CKD patients with stage 1-3 disease are at increased risk of VT.",
"Eight thousand f... | CKD stages 1 and 2, and CKD stage 3 in the presence of albuminuria, are risk factors for VT. The risk of VT is more related to albuminuria than to impaired glomerular filtration rate. | yes |
9788825 | Is increased expression of P-selectin on platelets a risk factor for silent cerebral infarction in patients with atrial fibrillation : role of nitric oxide? | [
"Platelet activation and decreased levels of nitrite and nitrate (NOx), stable end products of nitric oxide (NO), are reported in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). We examined the time-course changes in plasma NOx levels and the expression of P-selectin on platelets after the onset of AF in a canine model and... | An irregular heart rate that is characteristic of AF appeared to blunt NO synthesis. The increased expression of P-selectin on platelets associated with the reduced NO levels was a risk factor for silent cerebral infarction in patients with AF. | yes |
27274227 | Is hyperlipidemia in COPD associated with decreased incidence of pneumonia and mortality : a nationwide health insurance data-based retrospective cohort study? | [
"COPD is often associated with various comorbidities that may influence its outcomes. Pneumonia, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer are the major causes of death in COPD patients. The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of comorbidities on COPD by using the Taiwan National Health Insurance... | Our results demonstrate that COPD is associated with increased incidence of pneumonia, CVD, and mortality. In patients with COPD, higher CCI is associated with increased incidence of pneumonia, CVD, and mortality. However, COPD with hyperlipidemia is associated with decreased incidence of pneumonia and mortality. | yes |
20934765 | Are low ERCC1 mRNA and protein expression associated with worse survival in cervical cancer patients treated with radiation alone? | [
"To evaluate the association of excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) expression, using both mRNA and protein expression analysis, with clinical outcome in cervical cancer patients treated with radical radiation therapy (RT).",
"Patients (n=186) with locally advanced cervical cancer, treated with ... | Pre-treatment tumoral ERCC1 mRNA and protein expression, using the FL297 antibody, are predictive factors for survival in cervical cancer patients treated with RT, with ERCC1 FL297 expression independently associated with survival. These results identify a subset of patients who may derive the greatest benefit from the... | yes |
22391890 | Is impact of phenylephrine administration on cerebral tissue oxygen saturation and blood volume modulated by carbon dioxide in anaesthetized patients? | [
"Multiple studies have shown that cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (Sct(O(2))) is decreased after phenylephrine treatment. We hypothesized that the negative impact of phenylephrine administration on Sct(O(2)) is affected by arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure (Pa(CO(2))) because CO(2) is a powerful modu... | The negative impact of phenylephrine treatment on Sct(O(2)) and CBV is intensified during hypocapnia while blunted during hypercapnia. | yes |
27601166 | Is lower DSC1 expression related to the poor differentiation and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma ( HNSCC )? | [
"Although desmocollins have an important position in cancer-related research, there are little reports about the relations between cancers and desmocollin 1 (DSC1). The present study was designed to investigate the correlations between DSC1 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).",
"First we analyzed t... | The increased expression of DSC1 can promote the occurrence of HNSCC and is associated with tumor. The increased expression of DSC1 also indicates a poor prognosis of the patients with HNSCC. | yes |
8318205 | Is furosemide ototoxicity enhanced in analbuminemic rats? | [
"The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of furosemide on the endocochlear potential (EP) of Sprague-Dawley rats and rats that lack albumin in their serum (Nagase analbuminemic rats [NAR]).",
"Group comparisons between analbuminemic rats and normal Sprague-Dawley rats was carried out, with statist... | These findings support the hypothesis that the access of furosemide to its site of ototoxic action in the cochlea depends on the quantity of unbound furosemide in the serum. | yes |
17062584 | Is rejection of the transplanted uterus suppressed by cyclosporine A in a semi-allogeneic mouse model? | [
"A mouse uterus transplantation model has previously been developed for studies of various aspects of uterine transplantation, which in the future may be used as treatment for uterine infertility. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the immunosuppressant cyclosporine A (CyA) on the rejection of the a... | CyA treatment clearly delays the progress of rejection of grafted uteri but is insufficient to suppress T cell infiltration. Interestingly, the number of CD8+ cells was higher in groups receiving CyA, possibly reflecting a CyA-dependent depression of activation-induced cell death (AICD) of cytotoxic T cells. | yes |
18456269 | Do high serum levels of remnant lipoproteins predict ischemic stroke in patients with metabolic syndrome and mild carotid atherosclerosis? | [
"Metabolic syndrome is prevalently associated with stroke. Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins contribute to atherothrombotic complications in metabolic syndrome. This study examined whether high levels of remnant lipoprotein, atherogenic triglyceride-rich lipoprotein, may be associated with future ischemic stroke in me... | High RLP-C levels are an independent risk factor for future ischemic strokes in metabolic syndrome. High RLP-C levels may be related to echolucent carotid plaque, partly accounting for high risk for ischemic stroke in metabolic syndrome. | yes |
15358843 | Does occupational asthma after exposure to plaster cast containing methylene diphenyl diisocyanate? | [
"The case of a 34-year-old female nurse is presented. She worked in an accident and emergency department in a district general hospital, with methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI)-containing synthetic plaster casts. She worked with MDI on a daily basis for 4 years. She was out of the department for 1 year and on he... | This case illustrates that respiratory sensitization can occur as a result of exposure to MDI-containing synthetic casts and highlights the need for vigilance when health care workers are using isocyanate-containing synthetic casts. | yes |
25244647 | Does t2 Relaxation time quantitation differ between pulse sequences in articular cartilage? | [
"To compare T2 relaxation time measurements between MR pulse sequences at 3 Tesla in agar phantoms and in vivo patellar, femoral, and tibial articular cartilage.",
"T2 relaxation times were quantified in phantoms and knee articular cartilage of eight healthy individuals using a single echo spin echo (SE) as a ref... | 2D-FSE, qDESS, and 3D-MAPSS demonstrated the best fits with SE measurements as well as the greatest dynamic ranges. The 3D-MAPSS, 3D vfl-FSE, and qDESS demonstrated the closest average measurements to SE. Discrepancies in T2 relaxation time quantitation between sequences suggest that care should be taken when comparing... | yes |
23295499 | Is obesogenic phenotype of offspring of dams fed a high multivitamin diet prevented by a post-weaning high multivitamin or high folate diet? | [
"High multivitamin (10-fold AIN-93G, HV) diets fed during pregnancy to Wistar rats increase characteristics of metabolic syndrome in offspring when weaned to the recommended vitamin (RV) diet.",
"To determine whether the effects of HV gestational diets on obesogenic phenotypes in the offspring arise as a conseque... | The obesogenic phenotype in offspring from HV-fed dams is prevented by feeding HV or HFol pup diets, possibly due to post-weaning modulation of food intake regulatory mechanisms. | yes |
23680400 | Is low expression of LOC285194 associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer? | [
"The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) study has gradually become one of the hot topics in the field of RNA biology. One lncRNA which has attracted attention is LOC285194, a lncRNA demonstrated the potential tumor-suppressor role in osteosarcoma. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of LOC285194 in colo... | Our data indicate that LOC285194 might be a novel prognostic indicator in colorectal cancer and may be a potential target for diagnosis and gene therapy. | yes |
25402348 | Do combined effects of genetic and non-genetic risk factors affect response to ranibizumab in exudative age-related macular degeneration? | [
"To investigate whether genetic and non-genetic risk factors influence 12-month response to ranibizumab treatment for exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).",
"A cohort of 94 Caucasian patients with unilateral exudative AMD received intravitreal ranibizumab. After a three-injection loading phase, a PRN... | Complement factor H risk alleles, smoking history and hypertension affect the mid-term response to ranibizumab in exudative AMD. | yes |
25963574 | Are escherichia coli isolates from patients with bacteremic urinary tract infection genetically distinct from those derived from sepsis following prostate transrectal biopsy? | [
"Transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) prostate biopsy is a very common procedure that is generally considered relatively safe. However, severe sepsis can occur after TRUS prostate biopsies, with Escherichia coli being the predominant causative agent. A common perception is that the bacteria that cause post-TRUS pro... | Our finding supports the hypothesis that E. coli causing PPBS derive directly from the rectum, bypassing the urinary tract, and therefore do not require many of the virulence capabilities necessary for an E. coli strain that must persist in the urinary tract. In light of the increasing prevalence of highly resistant E.... | yes |
23418492 | Is pSG gene expression up-regulated by lysine acetylation involving histone and nonhistone proteins? | [
"Lysine acetylation is an important post-translational modification that plays a central role in eukaryotic transcriptional activation by modifying chromatin and transcription-related factors. Human pregnancy-specific glycoproteins (PSG) are the major secreted placental proteins expressed by the syncytiotrophoblast... | Results are consistent with a regulatory role of lysine acetylation on PSG expression through a relaxed chromatin state and an increase in the transcriptional activity of Sp1 and KLF6 following an augmented Sp1 acetylation and KLF6 nuclear localization. | yes |
18818548 | Do speech recognition and temporal amplitude modulation processing by Mandarin-speaking cochlear implant users? | [
"Fundamental frequency (F0) information is important to Chinese tone and speech recognition. Cochlear implant (CI) speech processors typically provide limited F0 information via temporal envelopes delivered to stimulating electrodes. Previous studies have shown that English-speaking CI users' speech performance is ... | These preliminary results, obtained from a limited number of subjects, demonstrate the importance of temporal processing to CI speech recognition. The results further suggest that CI users' Chinese tone and speech recognition may be improved by enhancing temporal envelope cues delivered by speech processing algorithms. | yes |
21188442 | Are not all biologics equal? | [
"Although the efficacy of various biologic meshes in the abdominal reconstruction of complex ventral hernia has been shown, the performance profile of various biologic mesh scaffolds in terms of hernia-specific outcomes such as recurrence, mesh explantation, and mesh infections has not been examined.",
"To evalua... | The results from this study underscore the difficulty of repairing complex abdominal wall defects in contaminated fields. Cross-linked porcine biologics showed relatively higher infection and explantation rates. Equivalent recurrence and explantation rates were observed for the non-cross-linked porcine biologics and Al... | yes |
9767527 | Does shiga toxin 1 elicit diverse biologic responses in mesangial cells? | [
"Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1) is a causative agent in hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Its receptor, the glycosphingolipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), is expressed on cultured human endothelial and mesangial cells. Mesangial cell injury in HUS ranges from mild cellular edema to severe mesangiolysis and eventual glomerulos... | These data indicate that mesangial cells are susceptible to the effects of Stx1 in vitro. Stx1 exerts a spectrum of biologic effects on mesangial cells ranging from activation of chemokine genes to a lethal toxic injury. Immunoinflammatory cytokines potentiate the effects of Stx1. Thus, glomerular pathology in HUS may ... | yes |
17698171 | Are plasma levels of P-selectin determined by platelet turn-over and the P-selectin Thr715Pro polymorphism? | [
"Plasma levels of soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) are often used to demonstrate platelet activation.",
"We determined sP-selectin in a variety of disorders characterized by high or low platelet counts and compared their levels with those in healthy subjects. Furthermore, we determined the Thr715Pro polymorphism ... | For the demonstration of platelet activation it is preferable to define sP-selectin based on platelet counts under the consideration of the Pro715Thr polymorphism. | yes |
26636522 | Does mIR-150 promote prostate cancer stem cell development via suppressing p27Kip1? | [
"Our previous study found that high miR-150 expression was positively correlated with prostate tumor recurrence or metastasis. In this work, we investigated the expression of miR-150 in prostate cancer stem cells (CSCs) and explored its regulation over p27 in the development of CSCs.",
"MiR-150 expression in CD14... | Increased miR-150 expression might participate in the development and progression of human prostate CSC by suppressing p27. This supported our previous study which found miR-150 was positively correlated with prostate tumor recurrence or metastasis. | yes |
25599708 | Are circulating acylghrelin levels suppressed by insulin and increase in response to hypoglycemia in healthy adult volunteers? | [
"Ghrelin has glucoregulatory and orexigenic actions, but its role in acute hypoglycemia remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate circulating levels of acylghrelin (AG) and unacylated ghrelin (UAG) in response to hyperinsulinemia and to hypoglycemia.",
"A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled crossover st... | This study demonstrates that AG and UAG are directly suppressed by hyperinsulinemia and that AG concentrations increase after a latency of ≈1 h in response to hypoglycemia, suggesting a potential counterregulatory role of AG. | yes |
17624412 | Does estrogen-regulated gene expression predict response to endocrine therapy in patients with ovarian cancer? | [
"To explore the predictive value of estrogen-regulated gene changes as indicators of sensitivity in ovarian cancer patients treated with the aromatase inhibitor Letrozole.",
"Expression of a range of proteins was assessed by semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry in tissue sections from the tumors of patients tre... | These results suggest that expression levels of certain proteins in ovarian cancers are estrogen-regulated and could help identify patients who would benefit from endocrine therapy. | yes |
10660760 | Is cell-mediated immune response better preserved by laparoscopy than laparotomy? | [
"This study compares the effects of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum versus laparotomy on cellular-mediated immune response in a murine model.",
"Sixty-eight female C3H/He mice were sensitized to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and to a mouse mammary carcinoma cell line (MC2) before surgery. Animals were randomize... | Cellular immunity is preserved after carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum compared with extraperitoneal incisions and laparotomy as measured by DTH and the ability to reject an immunogenictumor. | yes |
10527228 | Does thoracic epidural anesthesia reduce infarct size in a canine model of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury? | [
"To determine the effects of thoracic epidural anesthesia on myocardial infarct size, regional myocardial blood flow (RMBF), and plasma norepinephrine in an anesthetized canine model of ischemia reperfusion injury with infarction.",
"Blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled animal study.",
"Experiments were perf... | Thoracic epidural anesthesia reduces infarct size and postischemic hyperemia in a model of ischemia reperfusion injury. | yes |
21211761 | Are medicare payments for noninvasive diagnostic imaging now higher to nonradiologist physicians than to radiologists? | [
"Radiologists have always been considered the physicians who \"control\" noninvasive diagnostic imaging (NDI) and are primarily responsible for its growth. Yet nonradiologists have become increasingly aggressive in their performance and interpretation of imaging. The purpose of this study was to track overall Medic... | The growth in fee-for-service payments to nonradiologists for NDI was considerably more rapid than the growth for radiologists between 1998 and 2006. Then, by the end of 2008, 2 years after the implementation of the Deficit Reduction Act, steeper revenue losses had been experienced by radiologists. The result was that ... | yes |
19031069 | Does the target cell response to cytokines govern the autoreactive T cell repertoire in the pancreas of NOD mice? | [
"The pancreatic beta cell response to cytokines is crucial for the development of type 1 diabetes in the NOD mouse. For example, beta cell production of suppressor of cytokine signalling-1 (SOCS-1) protects against diabetes. This finding and other recent studies indicated that cytokine-stressed beta cells might con... | This study highlights an important role for the beta cell in the local regulation of the diabetogenic process. By responding to the pro-inflammatory pancreas milieu it strongly influences the islet-reactive T cell repertoire in the pancreas. | yes |
25611175 | Does hepatitis B viral load predict survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with sorafenib? | [
"Sorafenib is now considered as a standard treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We evaluated the effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA titers on prognosis in HCC patients treated with sorafenib.",
"From 2008 to 2012, 78 HBV-related HCC patients who received sorafenib treatment at Severance Hospi... | Higher HBV-DNA levels prior to sorafenib treatment were associated with poorer prognosis and increased viral reactivation thereafter. These results suggest the potential usefulness of prophylactic antiviral therapy when treating HBV-related HCC patients with sorafenib. | yes |
9322505 | Does helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide stimulate histamine release and DNA synthesis in rat enterochromaffin-like cells? | [
"Helicobacter pylori alterations in gastric acid output and mucosal proliferation may involve the enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell. To test whether H. pylori affects ECL cell histamine secretion and proliferation, the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on ECL cell function in vitro was investigated.",
"Using a ra... | H. pylori influences both ECL cell proliferation and secretion in vitro. An interaction between H. pylori LPS and ECL cells may contribute to the reported abnormalities in acid secretion and gastric pathobiology noted in H. pylori infections. | yes |
26310710 | Does sulforaphane inhibit damage-induced poly ( ADP-ribosyl ) ation via direct interaction of its cellular metabolites with PARP-1? | [
"The isothiocyanate sulforaphane, a major breakdown product of the broccoli glucosinolate glucoraphanin, has frequently been proposed to exert anticarcinogenic properties. Potential underlying mechanisms include a zinc release from Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 followed by the induction of detoxifying enzymes... | Sulforaphane interferes with damage-induced PARylation and SSBR, which implies a sulforaphane-dependent impairment of genomic stability. | yes |
26248944 | Does phosphatase inhibition prevent the activity-dependent trafficking of GABAA receptors during status epilepticus in the young animal? | [
"To determine if the activity-dependent trafficking of γ2 subunit-containing γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAA Rs) that has been observed in older animals and posited to contribute to benzodiazepine pharmacoresistance during status epilepticus (SE) is age-dependent, and to evaluate whether blockade of pro... | This study demonstrates that the plasticity of γ2 subunit-containing GABAA Rs associated with the development of benzodiazepine resistance in young and adult animals is similar. The findings of this study suggest that the mechanisms regulating the activity-dependent trafficking of GABAA Rs during SE can be targeted to ... | yes |
23401381 | Are skinfolds and coronary heart disease risk factors more strongly associated with BMI than with the body adiposity index? | [
"A recent, cross-sectional analysis of adults found that the hip circumference divided by height(1.5) minus 18 (the body adiposity index, BAI) was strongly correlated (r = 0.79) with percent body fat determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The BAI was proposed as a more accurate index of body fatness than B... | Based on the observed associations with risk factor levels and skinfold thicknesses, we conclude that BAI is unlikely to be a better index of adiposity than BMI. | yes |
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