id stringlengths 6 8 | question stringlengths 17 664 | context listlengths 1 12 | response stringlengths 1 3.12k | answer stringclasses 3
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|---|---|---|---|---|
10192186 | Does surgical experience improve the long-term results of Nissen fundoplication? | [
"Nissen fundoplication relieves symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux and effectively heals oesophagitis. During long-term follow-up some cases of recurrent reflux are seen. We investigated the possibility that long-term cure of gastro-oesophageal reflux after fundoplication is influenced by the surgeon's experienc... | Surgery for gastro-oesophageal reflux should be centralized to units specializing in the techniques and with sufficient annual numbers of operations to optimize results. This policy becomes especially advisable as laparoscopic surgery increases the numbers of treated patients. | yes |
22363055 | Does alternatively-spliced extra domain A of fibronectin promote acute inflammation and brain injury after cerebral ischemia in mice? | [
"The fibronectin isoform containing the alternatively spliced extra domain A (EDA(+)-FN) is normally absent from the circulation, but plasma levels of EDA(+)-FN can become markedly elevated in several human pathological conditions associated with inflammation including ischemic stroke. It remains unknown whether ED... | These findings provide the first evidence that EDA(+)-FN promotes inflammatory brain injury after ischemic stroke and suggest that the elevated levels of plasma EDA(+)-FN observed in chronic inflammatory conditions could worsen injury and outcome in patients after acute stroke. | yes |
11456247 | Do non-penetrating deep sclerectomy and collagen implant surgery in glaucoma patients with advanced field loss? | [
"The aim of the study was to determine the medium term intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effects and the potential complications of non-penetrating deep sclerectomy and collagen implant (DSCI) surgery in glaucoma patients.",
"54 eyes of 52 patients with medically uncontrolled open angle glaucoma with advanced f... | DSCI appears to provide considerable medium term IOP decrease with few postoperative complications without deteriorating visual acuity. Owing to our medium term results, we believe that DSCI could be a valuable alternative to trabeculectomy especially in cases of advanced medically uncontrolled open angle glaucoma. | yes |
25893719 | Does immediate pre-meal water ingestion decrease voluntary food intake in lean young males? | [
"Consuming 375-500 ml of water 30 min before a meal has been shown to reduce energy intake in older, but not younger adults. This study investigated the effects of ingesting a water preload immediately pre-meal (<1 min before eating) on within-meal ad libitum energy intake in non-obese young males.",
"Fourteen he... | This study demonstrates that consumption of a 568 ml water preload immediately before a meal reduces energy intake in non-obese young males. This might therefore be an effective strategy to suppress energy intake in this population and possibly assist with weight management. | yes |
24701201 | Does after stroke bidirectional modulation of soleus stretch reflex amplitude emerge during rhythmic arm cycling? | [
"after stroke a typical presentation is exaggerated stretch reflexes (SRs) on the more affected (MA) side. The present study evaluated the contribution of presynaptic inhibition (PSI) induced by arm cycling and homosynaptic depression (HD) to the modulation of hyperreflexia at the ankle after stroke. Possible asymm... | our data reveal a bidirectional reflex modulation induced by arm cycling that produced facilitation in some and suppression in other participants after stroke. Relative SR amplitude modulation did not differ between the LA and MA legs. We speculate that alterations in SR amplitude modulation after stroke may reflect sp... | yes |
12397247 | Do transmission of bone strain in the craniofacial bones of edentulous human skulls upon dental implant loading? | [
"Little is known about how craniofacial bones that are distant from dental implants are loaded. Whether bone experiences different strain when implants of different diameters are loaded is unknown.",
"This study was designed to (1) characterize bone strain both adjacent to and distant from dental implants and (2)... | Within the limitations of this study, bone strain resulting from dental implant loading was distributed to cortices not only adjacent to but also distant from dental implants. The large-diameter implant was more facilitative of stress transfer to cortical bone than the small-diameter implant tested. | yes |
12630011 | Does retinyl-palmitate reduce liver fibrosis induced by biliary obstruction in rats? | [
"The administration of retinoid in various experimental models of induced hepatic cirrhosis has shown antifibrogenic effects. The purpose of this study was to verify if vitamin A could interfere in hepatic fibrosis induced by biliary obstruction.",
"Male Wistar rats that underwent biliary obstruction were treated... | Under the above experimental conditions, the administration of vitamin A significantly reduced hepatic fibrosis. | yes |
11549996 | Do meconium concentration and amniotic fluid index influence the outcome of amnioinfusion? | [
"To determine the usefulness of amnioinfusion as a function of meconium concentration and amniotic fluid index.",
"This was a prospective study of 206 pregnant women in whom amniotic fluid was moderately or heavily stained with meconium, according to subjective evaluation. The women were assigned randomly to rece... | Beneficial effects of amnioinfusion were seen in women with high and low concentrations of meconium, and with high and low amniotic fluid indexes. These criteria should therefore not be used to decide whether amnioinfusion is indicated when the amniotic fluid is moderately or heavily stained with meconium. | yes |
23009709 | Is a lower value for quantitative ultrasound at radius an additional indicator of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk? | [
"The relationships between quantitative ultrasound (QUS) values, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are unclear. Objective The objective was to determine the relationships between QUS and MetS as well as CVD risk.",
"This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Shanghai, China.",
"... | Lower radius SOS is associated with greater risks of MetS and CVD in premenopausal and postmenopausal women, respectively. The QUS value derived from non-weight-bearing site, such as radius, may represent an additional indicator of MetS and CVD risk in women. | yes |
27178863 | Do early event-related potentials to emotional faces differ for adults with autism spectrum disorder and by serotonin transporter genotype? | [
"To test differences in neural sensitivity to facial expressions, including expressions with open versus closed mouths, exhibited by (1) adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to neurotypical adults, and by (2) short versus long serotonin transporter allele (SLC6A4) carriers.",
"Event related potenti... | Individuals with ASD exhibited a different pattern of neural response when encoding and recognizing facial expressions at the EPN component. Across groups, SLC6A4 allele type modulated early sensory attention at the P1. | yes |
19344722 | Do early changes in blood urea nitrogen predict mortality in acute pancreatitis? | [
"Routine laboratory tests that reflect intravascular volume status can play an important role in the early assessment of acute pancreatitis (AP). The objective of this study was to evaluate accuracy of serial blood urea nitrogen (BUN) versus serial hemoglobin (Hgb) measurement for prediction of in-hospital mortalit... | In a large, hospital-based cohort study, we identified serial BUN measurement as the most valuable single routine laboratory test for predicting mortality in AP. | yes |
24933587 | Are antidepressants independently associated with gait deficits in single and dual task conditions? | [
"This study examined the relationships between late-onset depressive symptoms, antidepressants, and single and dual task gait in older adults.",
"Cross-sectional study.",
"The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), a nationally representative cohort study.",
"Community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and o... | As gait impairments are associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes including falls, clinicians should be aware of the impact of antidepressants on gait in older adults. Subsequent to this, interventions aimed at improving physical function, which is a known precursor to falls and functional disability, shoul... | yes |
24616575 | Do cancer stem cell markers correlate with early recurrence and survival in hepatocellular carcinoma? | [
"To investigate whether expression of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers is associated with recurrence and survival in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.",
"A consecutive series of 90 HCC patients who underwent curative hepatectomy between April 2007 and April 2009 were analyzed. Of the 90 patients, 38 (42%) ex... | Expression of CD133, CD90, and EpCAM CSC markers may be linked to HCC tumor onset and/or progression. In addition, EpCAM expression is associated with shorter survival time, while CD90 expression is associated with early HCC recurrence. | yes |
18608634 | Do eight-year-old children with high cardiorespiratory fitness have lower overall and abdominal fatness? | [
"1) To examine whether cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with waist circumference (WC) and overall and abdominal fatness in eight-year-old girls and boys. 2) To determine whether children with high CRF have lower WC, overall and abdominal fatness within the same body mass index (BMI) category compared w... | Eight-year-old children with high CRF had lower overall and abdominal fatness compared with children with low CRF, independent of age, sex and BMI. CRF should be an important target already at a young age in preventing overall and abdominal obesity. | yes |
25545230 | Is serum gamma-glutamyl transferase associated with the elevated uric acid levels in normotensive Chinese adults? | [
"Although both serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and uric acid are correlated with hypertension, studies on the association between serum GGT and uric acid in normotensive individuals are rare. In this study, we tried to reveal this relationship in normotensive Chinese adults.",
"Four hundred seven normotensi... | Serum GGT is strongly associated with the increased uric acid concentrations in normotensive Chinese adults. | yes |
11392267 | Does [ Eyelid and facial injuries due to dog bite ]? | [
"Head und neck injuries of children are mistly due to dog bite.",
"During the 10-year interval from 1990 to 2000 sixteen patients suffering from dog bite injuries were seen in our department. Age, gender, pattern of ocular and periocular wounds, surgical management and long-term damage were analyzed.",
"Medial ... | Primate microsurgical wound repair leads to a satisfying functional, morphological, and esthetic long-term result. | yes |
16783146 | Does oPC-12759 increase proliferation of cultured rat conjunctival goblet cells? | [
"To determine if the gastroprotective drug OPC-12759 increased proliferation of rat conjunctival goblet cells in culture.",
"Cultured goblet cells were incubated with 10(-12) to 10(-8) M OPC-12759 for 1 to 7 days. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was used as a positive control. Cell proliferation was determined by a MTT ... | The OPC-12759 stimulates proliferation of conjunctival goblet cells in primary culture. | yes |
15837759 | Is serum cystatin C a better marker of topotecan clearance than serum creatinine? | [
"To evaluate plasma cystatin level as a covariate to predict topotecan pharmacokinetics. Cystatin C, a member of the cystatin superfamily of cysteine proteinase inhibitors, has been recently proposed as an alternative endogenous marker of glomerular filtration. Renal function is known as a key factor of topotecan c... | Cystatin C is a marker of drug elimination which is superior to serum creatinine for topotecan. It deserves to be further explored as a promising covariate for drug dosing as well as selection criteria for clinical studies of drugs eliminated mainly or partially by the kidney. | yes |
26231474 | Does the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale lack Validity in Chronic Hemiparetic Stroke? | [
"The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is purported to be associated with long-term outcomes. This study determined the concurrent validity of the NIHSS with the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS), a previously validated measure of health status in chronic stroke survivors.",
"The NIHSS and the SIS were a... | The NIHSS has no association with health status in chronic stroke and lacks association with measures of impairment and functional limitation. From these findings, we conclude that the NIHSS has poor validity to discern long-term poststroke outcomes and is not associated with health status. Because of possible limitati... | yes |
19656030 | Does ceruloplasmin induce polymorphonuclear leukocyte priming in localized aggressive periodontitis? | [
"Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) from subjects with localized aggressive periodontitis (LAgP) present multiple functional abnormalities associated with a phenotypically primed PMN phenotype. Local inflammation is characterized by hypoxia, which leads to increased production of superoxide (O(2)(-)) by PMNs. Ceru... | LAgP PMNs are primed to express higher levels of CP, leading to hypoxia-mediated O(2)(-) generation in PMNs and increased oxidative stress and neutrophil-mediated tissue injury in LAgP. | yes |
26112329 | Does dexamethasone-suppressed cortisol awakening response predict treatment outcome in posttraumatic stress disorder? | [
"Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been associated with several alterations in the neuroendocrine system, including enhanced cortisol suppression in response to the dexamethasone suppression test. The aim of this study was to examine whether specific biomarkers of PTSD predict treatment success in trauma-foc... | The number of participants who completed the neuroendocrine measurements was small and a significant number of participants fulfilled criteria of co-morbid major depressive disorder. | yes |
15952201 | Are proliferation and progesterone receptor status in benign meningiomas age dependent? | [
"Some authors have suggested that the biology of meningiomas differs according to a patient's age. Proliferation, vascularity, and hormonal status in meningiomas can be used to describe changes during aging. In the current study, proliferation activity with the Ki-67/MIB-1 antibody was evaluated by immunohistochemi... | Proliferation rates and PR status in benign intracranial meningiomas did not appear to be age dependent. | no |
21619602 | Are new Topoisomerase I mutations associated with resistance to camptothecin? | [
"Topoisomerase I (TOP1) is a nuclear enzyme that catalyzes the relaxation of supercoiled DNA during DNA replication and transcription. TOP1 is the molecular target of camptothecin and related drugs such as irinotecan and SN38 (irinotecan's active metabolite). Irinotecan is widely used as an anti-cancer agent in the... | These results indicate that the TOP1 mutations are involved in the development of SN38 resistance. We hypothesize that p.L617, p.R621 and p.E710 TOP1 residues are important for the functionality of the linker and that mutation of one of these residues is sufficient to alter or modulate its flexibility. Consequently, li... | yes |
21597015 | Are microbleeds associated with subsequent hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke in healthy elderly individuals? | [
"Cerebral microbleeds (MBs) are frequently detected in patients with stroke, especially those who experience intracerebral hemorrhage. However, the clinical significance of MBs in subjects without cerebrovascular disease is still unclear. We performed a prospective study to determine whether the presence of MBs pro... | This longitudinal study demonstrated that the presence of MBs can be used to predict hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, even in healthy elderly individuals. | yes |
20470363 | Is the human collagen beta ( 1-O ) galactosyltransferase , GLT25D1 , a soluble endoplasmic reticulum localized protein? | [
"Glycosyl transferases transfer glycosyl groups onto their substrate. Localization partially defines their function. Glycosyl transferase 25 domain 1 (GLT25D1) was recently shown to have galactosyltransferase activity towards collagens and another well known substrate, mannose binding lectin (MBL). To gain more ins... | Taken together our data indicate that galactosylation of collagenous proteins by the soluble GLT25D1 occurs in the early secretory pathway. | yes |
24439132 | Does penehyclidine hydrochloride inhibit the LPS-induced inflammatory response in microglia? | [
"Activated microglia play an important role in neuroinflammation, which contributes to the neuronal damage found in many neurodegenerative diseases. Penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) is an anesthetic used before surgical operations, but also exhibits anti-inflammatory effects on the respiratory and digestive system... | PHC inhibited the LPS-induced release of inflammatory mediators in microglia. These inhibitory effects of PHC may be mediated by blocking p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways in microglia. These preclinical findings may offer a novel therapeutic option to confine microglial overactivation in neurodegenerative diseases. | yes |
21725694 | Does hypertonic saline reduce intracranial hypertension in the presence of high serum and cerebrospinal fluid osmolalities? | [
"Osmotherapy has been the cornerstone in the management of patients with elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Several studies have demonstrated that hypertonic saline (HTS) is a safe and effective osmotherapy agent. This study evaluated the effectiveness of HTS in reducing in... | This study demonstrates that 23.4% HTS bolus is effective for the reduction of elevated ICP in patients with severe TBI even in the presence of high serum and CSF osmolalities. | yes |
26816534 | Does transcriptional factor FOXO3 negatively regulate the expression of nm23-H1 in non-small cell lung cancer? | [
"Nm23-H1 was the first metastasis suppressor discovered in most tumor models and reduction or loss of nm23-H1 expression correlates with tumor progression and metastasis in non-small-cell lung cancer. Despite extensive studies, the regulatory mechanism of nm23-H1 expression is far from elucidated. The transcription... | We demonstrated that the transcriptional factor FOXO3 decreased the expression levels of the tumor suppressor gene nm23-H1 in the non-small-cell lung cancer A549 cell line and that the level of expression of nm23-H1 was controlled by FOXO3 in an indirect manner. This finding provided an insight into the upstream regula... | yes |
26275075 | Are metabolic Syndrome Components Associated with Increased Prostate Cancer Risk? | [
"Our study investigated the associations of metabolic syndrome (MS) and metabolic indicators with prostate cancer (PCa) risk in the Chinese Han ethnic population.",
"We studied 101 PCa patients (without/with MS) and 120 healthy controls. Clinical data, including waist circumference, BMI, TG, FINS, FBG, and PCa-re... | Our study shows that MS and metabolic indicators are associated with an increased risk of PCa, pointing to a novel therapeutic approach for PCa management. | yes |
8500722 | Does human recombinant interleukin 1 beta suppress acetylcholine release from rat myenteric plexus? | [
"A marked suppression of acetylcholine (ACh) release from myenteric nerves in the inflamed intestine of rats infected by Trichinella spiralis has been shown. In this model, there is increased expression of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) in the myenteric plexus. Therefore, the ability of IL-1 beta to alter ACh relea... | It was concluded that IL-1 beta suppresses ACh release via the formation and release of a protein mediator that could be another cytokine, including IL-1. Based on these findings, we consider IL-1 beta a putative mediator of the changes in cholinergic nerve function observed in the inflamed rat intestine. | yes |
11419830 | Is a patient education program cost-effective for preventing failure of endoscopic procedures in a gastroenterology department? | [
"The growing use and complexity of endoscopy procedures in GI units has increased the need for good patient preparation. Earlier studies in this area have focused on the psychological benefits of patient education programs. The present study was directed at determining cost-effectiveness of a patient education prog... | A pre-endoscopy patient education program apparently increase patient compliance, thereby decreasing both the need for repeated examinations and their attendant costs. | yes |
20158915 | Does in-vivo transfection of pcDNA3.1-IGFBP7 inhibit melanoma growth in mice through apoptosis induction and VEGF downexpression? | [
"Genome-wide RNA interference screening study revealed that loss of expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) is a critical step in development of a malignant melanoma (MM), and this secreted protein plays a central role in apoptosis of MM. In this study we constructed pcDNA3.1-IGFBP7 to o... | These results suggest a potential new clinical strategy for MM gene treatment. | yes |
21495030 | Is heme oxygenase-1 germ line GTn promoter polymorphism an independent prognosticator of tumor recurrence and survival in pancreatic cancer? | [
"Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) correlates with aggressive tumor behavior and chemotherapy resistance in pancreatic cancer (PC). We evaluated the prognostic value of the basal transcription controlling germ line GTn repeat polymorphism (GTn) in the promoter region of the HO-1 gene in PC.",
"We determined the GTn in 100 ... | The GTn repeat polymorphism is a strong prognostic marker for recurrence and survival in PC patients. | yes |
26553065 | Does a novel two-step genome editing strategy with CRISPR-Cas9 provide new insights into telomerase action and TERT gene expression? | [
"To facilitate indefinite proliferation, stem cells and most cancer cells require the activity of telomerase, which counteracts the successive shortening of telomeres caused by incomplete DNA replication at the very end of each chromosome. Human telomerase activity is often determined by the expression level of tel... | We develop a two-step CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing strategy to introduce precise modifications at the endogenous TERT locus in human cell lines. This method provides a useful tool for studying telomerase biology, and suggests a general approach to edit loci with low targeting efficiency and to purify and visualize low ab... | yes |
21655775 | Does hydroxyapatite crystallinity affect the repair of critical size bone defects? | [
"The physicochemical properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) granules were observed to affect the biological behavior of graft materials. The aim of this work was to analyze the tissue response of two HA granules with different crystallinity and Ca/P ratio in vivo.",
"The HA granules were produced in the Biomaterials L... | Thus, we concluded that HA-1 and HA-2 are biocompatible and non-degradable, and that crystallinity does not affect bone repair of critical size defects. | no |
25753767 | Does interleukin-27 improve the ability of adenosine deaminase to rule out tuberculous pleural effusion regardless of pleural tuberculosis prevalence? | [
"Interleukin-27 (IL-27) has been proposed to be useful for diagnosing tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE). Adenosine deaminase (ADA) has been long used for the same purpose. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of IL-27, ADA, and their product (IL-27 • ADA) in the diagnosis of TPE.",
"Pleural fluid... | ADA, IL-27, and IL-27 • ADA cannot reliably 'rule in' TPE in any prevalence setting. TPE can be 'ruled out' by each of the biomarkers in low prevalence settings. In intermediate and high prevalence settings, IL-27 • ADA is a reliable 'rule out' test in the diagnostic approach to TPEs. | yes |
12588573 | Does effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention on fall in nursing home residents? | [
"To evaluate the effectiveness of a multifaceted, nonpharmaceutical intervention on incidence of falls and fallers.",
"Prospective, cluster-randomized, controlled 12-month trial.",
"Six community nursing homes in Germany.",
"Long-stay residents (n = 981) aged 60 and older; mean age 85; 79% female.",
"Staff ... | The incidence density rate of falls and fallers differed considerably between the control and intervention groups. The study was underpowered to demonstrate a significant difference of hip or nonhip fractures. Because of a low fracture rate in both groups, the investigation of fracture rates would have required a large... | yes |
23882136 | Are genetic variations and polymorphisms in the ezrin gene associated with age-related cataract? | [
"Age-related cataract (ARC) is a complex multifactorial disorder, including genetic and environmental factors. Ezrin (EZR), a member of the ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) protein family, plays a crucial role in the development of the lens as a plasma membrane-cytoskeleton linker. We conducted this study to investigate ... | This study suggests that the genetic variations and SNPs in the gene EZR possibly contribute to the development of age-related cataracts in the Chinese population. | yes |
27307532 | Are thermographic Abnormalities Associated with Future Digital Ulcers and Death in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis? | [
"Capillaroscopic abnormalities are predictive of future digital ulcers (DU). Our aim was to investigate whether functional digital vascular disease (thermographically assessed) is also associated with future DU.",
"A retrospective case note review of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) undergoing thermography ... | Abnormal thermography is associated with DU and disease severity in patients with SSc. | yes |
18068036 | Does baroreflex sensitivity predict long-term cardiovascular mortality after myocardial infarction even in patients with preserved left ventricular function? | [
"This study sought to assess the long-term predictive power of depressed baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) among post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients with preserved left ventricular function.",
"Risk stratification after MI is primarily performed by identifying patients with depressed left ventricular ejection fra... | Even among the large number of low-risk post-MI patients with preserved left ventricular function, depressed BRS identifies, independently of age, a subgroup at long-term high risk for cardiovascular mortality in which more aggressive preventive strategies should be considered. | yes |
21907639 | Does australian epidemic strain pseudomonas ( AES-1 ) decline further in a cohort segregated cystic fibrosis clinic? | [
"To evaluate changes in prevalence of an epidemic strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (AES-1, Australian epidemic strain, type 1) in a paediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) centre practising cohort segregation, to describe the patients' clinical characteristics at acquisition and observe mortality rates.",
"Cohort segrega... | Cohort segregation has been associated with reductions in the prevalence of AES-1 in our CF clinic. Mortality was higher in patients infected with AES-1 than other organisms. | yes |
19104438 | Does image subtraction facilitate assessment of volume and density change in ground-glass opacities in chest CT? | [
"To study the impact of image subtraction of registered images on the detection of change in pulmonary ground-glass nodules identified on chest CT.",
"A cohort of 33 individuals (25 men, 8 women; age range 51-75 years) with 37 focal ground-glass opacities (GGO) were recruited from a lung cancer screening trial. F... | Image subtraction improves the evaluation of subtle changes in pulmonary ground-glass opacities and decreases interobserver variability. | yes |
12147799 | Are c2 ( 2-h ) levels superior to trough levels as estimates of the area under the curve in tacrolimus-treated renal-transplant patients? | [
"Recently, 2-h samples (C2) have been found superior to trough levels for therapeutic monitoring of transplanted patients receiving cyclosporin. The present study was undertaken to see if the same was the case for tacrolimus.",
"Blood tacrolimus levels were determined in 21 consecutive patients at 3 and 14 days a... | Two-hour levels are not superior to trough levels in tacrolimus-treated renal transplant patients. Despite good correlation between trough level and AUC, some patients may still receive nephrotoxic doses despite trough levels in the desired range. Sampling 3-6 h after oral intake may be at least as good as trough level... | no |
25164793 | Does high dose of prebiotics reduce fecal water cytotoxicity in healthy subjects? | [
"In vitro and animal studies have shown differential colonic fermentation of structurally different prebiotics. We evaluated the impact of two structurally different prebiotics (wheat bran extract (WBE, containing arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides) and oligofructose) on colonic fermentation and markers of bowel health ... | Structurally different prebiotics affect colonic fermentation and gut health in a different way. | yes |
11845224 | Does 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside treatment improve glucose homeostasis in insulin-resistant diabetic ( ob/ob ) mice? | [
"The 5'AMP-activated protein kinase is an important mediator of muscle contraction-induced glucose transport and a target for pharmacological treatment of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. The 5'AMP-activated protein kinase can be activated by 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside. We hypot... | The 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside mediated improvements in glucose homeostasis in ob/ob mice can be explained by effects in skeletal muscle and liver. Due to the apparently deleterious effects of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside on the blood lipid profile, strategies to develop tissue-speci... | yes |
8995943 | Are percentage changes in serum pepsinogens useful as indices of eradication of Helicobacter pylori? | [
"Eradication of Helicobacter pylori has been gaining significance for the treatment of gastroduodenal diseases. Establishment of a precise diagnostic method for H. pylori is of great value. The aim of this study was to establish a new method for precisely judging the eradication of this bacteria.",
"We measured s... | Our findings suggest that percentage changes in serum PG I:PG II ratios are useful as indices for distinguishing success from failure in eradication therapy for H. pylori. | yes |
21464441 | Does ablation of PI3K p110-α prevent high-fat diet-induced liver steatosis? | [
"To determine whether the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunits p110-α and p110-β play a role in liver steatosis induced by a high-fat diet (HFD).",
"Liver-specific p110-α and p110-β knockout mice and control animals for each group were fed an HFD or normal chow for 8 weeks. Biochemical assays and q... | PI3K p110-α, and not p110-β, promotes liver steatosis in mice fed an HFD. p110-α might exert this effect in part through activation of atypical protein kinase C, upregulation of lipogenesis, and increased uptake of fatty acids. | yes |
14615928 | Is postoperative nadroparin administration for prophylaxis of thromboembolic events associated with an increased risk of hemorrhage after spinal surgery? | [
"To determine the risk of postoperative hemorrhage during a 3-year period of early postoperative administration of nadroparin (Fraxiparin) plus compression stockings in a large cohort of patients who underwent spinal surgery.",
"A total of 1,954 spinal procedures at different levels (503 cervical, 152 thoracic an... | Although retrospective, this is to date the largest study providing information about the hemorrhage rate associated with early postoperative anticoagulation following spinal surgery. The results confirm that early postoperative pharmacological thromboembolic prophylaxis using nadroparin in patients with spinal surgery... | no |
22964088 | Does apple polyphenol protect against cigarette smoke-induced acute lung injury? | [
"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex chronic inflammatory disease involving oxidative stress as well as a wide variety of cells activated from smoking cigarettes. There have been disappointingly few therapeutic advances in drug therapy for COPD. Plant polyphenols have been the topic of much re... | Taken together, APP may be a potential dietary nutrient supplement agent to improve quality of life of COPD patients by inhibiting CS-exposed acute lung injury via P38 MAPK signaling pathway. | yes |
15956929 | Does creatine phosphate administration preserve myocardial function in a model of off-pump coronary revascularization? | [
"Off pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) involves, and is occasionally impaired by obligatory regional myocardial ischemia, particularly with the use of proximal coronary in-flow occlusion techniques. Intracoronary shunts do not guarantee absence of distal ischemia given their small inner diameter and the ... | A strategy of intravenous high-energy phosphate administration successfully prevented ischemic ventricular dysfunction in a rodent model of OPCAB. | yes |
15521095 | Does fVIII gene delivery by muscle electroporation correct murine hemophilia A? | [
"Hemophilia A treatment relies on costly factor VIII (FVIII) replacement that may transmit iatrogenic viral diseases. Viral vectors and cell implants are being developed as improvements. We investigated in vivo electroporation of naked DNA as a safe and simple method for correcting FVIII deficiency.",
"B-domain-d... | In vivo intramuscular electroporation of naked FVIII plasmid successfully corrects murine hemophilia. | yes |
16712539 | Is national Emergency Department Overcrowding Study tool useful in an Australian emergency department? | [
"To determine the accuracy and usefulness of the National Emergency Department Overcrowding Study (NEDOCS) tool in an urban hospital ED in Australia by direct comparison with subjective assessment by senior ED staff.",
"A sample of simultaneous subjective and objective data pairs were collected six times a day fo... | The present study suggests that NEDOCS method of processing the objective overcrowding data does not accurately reflect the subjective assessment of the senior staff working at that time in the ED. This might be because the assumptions of the original NEDOCS study are flawed. | no |
25498873 | Are patient-centered outcomes after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement and labral tears different in patients with normal , high , or low femoral version? | [
"The purpose of this study was to determine whether outcomes after hip arthroscopy were different based on femoral version.",
"The inclusion criteria were diagnosis of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) based on clinical examination and/or imaging findings and preoperative measurement of femoral version by magnet... | Patient-reported functional outcomes after hip arthroscopy for labral tears and FAI were not different based on femoral version in this population. Although some differences were observed regarding intraoperative findings, these also did not result in differences in patient outcomes reported at a mean follow-up of 2 ye... | no |
12409836 | Does central Orexin-A stimulate pancreatic exocrine secretion via the vagus? | [
"Digestive organs are controlled from the central nervous system, and the vagus nerve plays an important role. Orexins are recently purified neuropeptides localized in neurons within the lateral hypothalamus.",
"To examine the effects of centrally injected Orexin-A and B on pancreatic exocrine secretion in consci... | Centrally administered Orexin-A stimulates pancreatic exocrine secretion through the vagal efferent nerve, and the stimulatory action is independent of gastric acid secretion. | yes |
17962395 | Do juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas undergo spontaneous malignant transformation : grounds for designation as hamartomas? | [
"To determine whether juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas WHO grade I have the potential for spontaneous malignant transformation.",
"A literature search was performed, cross-referencing juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, astrocytoma grade I, optic glioma, glioma, low-grade gliomas, polar spongiob... | Juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas WHO grade I do not undergo spontaneous anaplastic transformation. Malignant transformations have only been demonstrated following radiation therapy. Earlier clinical and histopathological opinions regarding juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas as hamartomatous lesions are reaffirmed. | no |
8143302 | Are endothelium dependent vasomotor responses to endogenous agonists potentiated following ACE inhibition by a bradykinin dependent mechanism? | [
"The aim was to investigate the effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition on agonist induced endothelium dependent vasodilatation in vivo.",
"Chronically instrumented conscious dogs (n = 8) were prepared for the measurement of coronary blood flow, diameter of the left circumflex coronary artery, mean ar... | In the coronary vasculature of the dog, ACE inhibitors enhance vasomotor responses to endothelium dependent agonists by facilitating the release of both NO and PGI2, a mechanism which is coupled to endogenously formed bradykinin. ACE inhibitors may thus mediate their effects in vivo partly by increasing the capacity of... | yes |
17124250 | Does attachment to laminin-111 facilitate transforming growth factor beta-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 in synovial fibroblasts? | [
"In the synovial membrane of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a strong expression of laminins and matrix degrading proteases was reported.",
"To investigate the regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in synovial fibroblasts (SFs) of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and RA by attachment to laminin... | Attachment of SF to LM-111 by itself has only minor effects on the expression of MMP-1 or MMP-3, but it facilitates the TGFbeta-induced expression of MMP-3 significantly. This mode of MMP-3 induction may therefore contribute to inflammatory joint destruction in RA independent of the proinflammatory cytokines interleuki... | yes |
11053944 | Is the history important in patients with suspected acute appendicitis? | [
"The clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis is incorrect in 20-30% of patients undergoing surgery. We analysed the clinical importance of nine commonly used symptoms and signs in 544 consecutive patients with regard to the correct diagnosis of acute appendicitis.",
"Open population-based prospective study. The ... | A history of pain migration and nausea or vomiting were independent predictors for the correct diagnosis of acute appendicitis in patients undergoing surgery. Thus, patient history is important in this patient group. | yes |
17350400 | Do cortical synchrony changes detected by scalp electrode electroencephalograph as traumatic brain injury patients emerge from coma? | [
"Recent studies show conscious perception is correlated with firing rate synchronization across multiple neuronal assemblies. This study explores the synchrony between multiple cortical surface sites as brain injury patients emerge from coma.",
"Scalp electrode EEG recordings were collected and analyzed from 13 t... | In frequencies from 1 to 30 Hz, synchrony between right parietal and temporal lobes, as well as bilateral occipital lobes, tends to be increased as patients emerge from comatose states. However, synchrony between most intrahemispheric cortical sites is decreased at higher GCS scores in most of the above frequency bands... | yes |
22944165 | Does [ Atorvastatin inhibit the H₂O₂-induced apoptosis of human vascular endothelial cells through a down-regulation of cleaved caspase-9/caspase-3 ]? | [
"To investigate the effect and potential mechanism of atorvastatin against H₂O₂-induced apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECV-304).",
"ECV-304 cells were pretreated with different concentrations of atorvastatin (0.1, 1 and 10 µmol/L) for 2 h, followed by an exposure to 100 µmol/L H₂O₂ for 18 h.... | Atorvastatin inhibits the H₂O₂-induced apoptosis of ECV-304 cells in a dose-dependent manner. This effect may be associated with the down-regulation of cleaved caspase-9/caspase-3. | yes |
20016195 | Does a Toll-like receptor 2/6 agonist reduce allergic airway inflammation in chronic respiratory sensitisation to Timothy grass pollen antigens? | [
"The hygiene hypothesis negatively correlates the microbial burden of the environment with the prevalence of T helper type 2 (Th2)-related disorders, e.g. allergy and asthma. This is explained by Th1 triggering through pathogen-associated molecular patterns via Toll-like receptors (TLRs). In this study, the biologi... | The use of the TLR2/6 agonist is a promising therapeutic approach in diseases with an imbalance in T cell responses, such as allergy and asthma. | yes |
19366847 | Is growth hormone deficiency associated with decreased quality of life in patients with prior acromegaly? | [
"Both GH deficiency (GHD) and GH excess are associated with a decreased quality of life. However, it is unknown whether patients with GHD after treatment for acromegaly have a poorer quality of life than those with normal GH levels after cure of acromegaly.",
"The aim of the study was to determine whether patient... | Our data are the first to demonstrate a reduced quality of life in patients who develop GHD after cure of acromegaly compared to those who are GH sufficient. Further studies are warranted to determine whether GH replacement would improve quality of life for patients with GHD after cure from acromegaly. | yes |
21376047 | Do noninvasive tests for fibrosis and liver stiffness predict 5-year outcomes of patients with chronic hepatitis C? | [
"Liver stiffness can be measured noninvasively to assess liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. In patients with chronic liver diseases, level of fibrosis predicts liver-related complications and survival. We evaluated the abilities of liver stiffness, results from noninvasive tests for fibrosis, and ... | Noninvasive tests for liver fibrosis (measurement of liver stiffness or FibroTest) can predict 5-year survival of patients with chronic hepatitis C. These tools might help physicians determine prognosis at earlier stages and discuss specific treatments, such as liver transplantation. | yes |
26215578 | Does epiregulin contribute to breast tumorigenesis through regulating matrix metalloproteinase 1 and promoting cell survival? | [
"The epidermal growth factor (EGF) family of ligands has been implicated in promoting breast cancer initiation, growth and progression. The contributions of EGF family ligands and their receptors to breast cancer are complex, and the specific mechanisms through which different ligands regulate breast tumor initiati... | Together, these studies lead to identification of a novel pathway involving EREG and MMP-1 that contributes to the formation of early stage breast cancer. Understanding these complex pathways could ultimately lead to the development of novel biomarkers of neoplastic progression and/or new therapeutic strategies for pat... | yes |
24223374 | Do novel network biomarkers profile based coronary artery disease risk stratification in Asian Indians? | [
"Multi-marker approaches for risk prediction in coronary artery disease (CAD) have been inconsistent due to biased selection of specific know biomarkers. We have assessed the global proteome of CAD-affected and unaffected subjects, and developed a pathway network model for elucidating the mechanism and risk predict... | Based on our data, proteome profiling with SELDI-TOF MS and SVM feature selection methods can be used for novel network biomarker discovery and risk stratification in CAD. The functional associations of the identified novel biomarkers suggest that they play an important role in the development of disease. | yes |
25913518 | Does transcranial magnetic stimulation identify cortical excitability changes in monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis? | [
"A limited number of electroencephalography (EEG) studies in nocturnal enuresis (NE) have reported cortical dysmaturity. The aim of the present study was to test this notion by examining cortical excitability in subjects with nocturnal enuresis (NE) using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).",
"We investigate... | Patients with nocturnal enuresis are characterized by pathologically increased excitability and reduced inhibitory processing in the motor cortex, which could contribute to the pathogenesis of nocturnal enuresis. | yes |
16949192 | Does salivary mutans streptococci count as indicators in caries risk assessment in 6-7-year-old Chinese children? | [
"This study aimed to determine whether salivary mutans streptococci (MS) counts in Chinese children had any value in the prediction of new caries in the permanent dentition in the age interval of 6.5-8.5 years.",
"Four hundred and thirty-three 6-7-year-old children participated in this 2-year longitudinal study. ... | Salivary MS counts did not add any caries predictive value when past caries experience variables were used as caries predictors in this Chinese child population. | yes |
10692526 | Are protective effects of high-density lipoprotein against oxidative stress impaired in haemodialysis patients? | [
"Cardiovascular diseases represent the major cause of mortality in haemodialysis (HD) patients. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) is a major cardiovascular risk factor, implicated in atherosclerotic plaque formation. It has been suggested that high-density lipoprotein (HD) has the capacity to reduce the oxi... | These results suggest that qualitative abnormalities such as an impairment of HDL-associated enzymes are associated with a decrease of HDL levels during HD. Hence, in addition to the known impairment of reverse cholesterol transport, the reduction of HDL protective capacity against oxidative stress could be involved in... | yes |
25133509 | Is mCP/CCR2 signaling essential for recruitment of mesenchymal progenitor cells during the early phase of fracture healing? | [
"The purpose of this study was to investigate chemokine profiles and their functional roles in the early phase of fracture healing in mouse models.",
"The expression profiles of chemokines were examined during fracture healing in wild-type (WT) mice using a polymerase chain reaction array and histological stainin... | MCP-1/CCR2 signaling in the periosteum and endosteum is essential for the recruitment of mesenchymal progenitor cells in the early phase of fracture healing. | yes |
16758262 | Is rifampicin only a weak inducer of CYP1A2-mediated presystemic and systemic metabolism : studies with tizanidine and caffeine? | [
"Rifampicin greatly reduces the plasma concentrations of many drugs. Our aim was to characterise the inducibility of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2 by rifampicin, using tizanidine and caffeine as probe drugs for presystemic and systemic CYP1A2-mediated metabolism.",
"In a randomised, 2-phase crossover study, ten healt... | Rifampicin moderately decreases the plasma concentrations of tizanidine. The strong inducing effects of rifampicin on other CYP enzymes, e.g. CYP3A4, may have contributed to the findings, and the inducibility of CYP1A2-mediated presystemic (tizanidine) and systemic (tizanidine, caffeine) metabolism by rifampicin is wea... | yes |
25037207 | Is jCV GCN in a natalizumab-treated MS patient associated with mutations of the VP1 capsid gene? | [
"To describe the clinical, neuroimaging, immunologic, and virologic characteristics of JC virus-associated granule cell neuronopathy (JCV GCN) in a natalizumab-treated patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) who developed immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) after natalizumab withdrawal.",
"We obtained... | JCV GCN should be considered in patients on natalizumab presenting with progressive cerebellar symptoms and cerebellar atrophy, and is associated with mutations in the JCV VP1 gene. Natalizumab withdrawal may be complicated by JCV GCN IRIS, and require treatment with corticosteroids. | yes |
23816368 | Does the curry spice curcumin attenuate beta-amyloid-induced toxicity through beta-catenin and PI3K signaling in rat organotypic hippocampal slice culture? | [
"Accumulating evidence indicates that curcumin potently protects against beta-amyloid (Abeta) due to its oxygen free radicals scavenging and anti-inflammatory properties. However, cellular mechanisms that may underlie the neuroprotective effect of curcumin in Abeta-induced toxicity are not fully understood yet. The... | These results reinforce the neuroprotective effects of curcumin on Abeta toxicity and add some evidence that its mechanism may involve beta-catenin and PI3K signaling pathway in organotypic hippocampal slice culture. | yes |
8592676 | Does the site of absorption in the small intestine determine diltiazem bioavailability in the rabbit? | [
"Since the ability of the small intestine to biotransform a drug may decrease in distal segments of the intestine, this study aimed to assess whether the site of administration in the small intestine could affect the systemic bioavailability of diltiazem and its two active metabolites, N-desmethyldiltiazem (MA) and... | The site of absorption into the intestine modulates the bioavailability of diltiazem and its two active metabolites. | yes |
20375201 | Does reproductive investment within inflorescences of Stylidium armeria vary with the strength of early resource commitment? | [
"Resource allocation to flowers, fruits and seeds can vary greatly within an inflorescence. For example, distal fruits are often smaller and produce fewer and smaller fruits and seeds than more basal fruits. To assess the causes and functional significance of intra-inflorescence variation, pollen and resources were... | In S. armeria, allocation to reproductive traits within the inflorescence is influenced by dynamic trade-offs in resource allocation between early and late fruits, and may also be subject to inherent architectural effects. Large, unpredictable variation among fruits in fertilization success and seed set may influence t... | yes |
25581547 | Are lipid-specific immunoglobulin M bands in cerebrospinal fluid associated with a reduced risk of developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy during treatment with natalizumab? | [
"Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a serious side effect associated with natalizumab treatment in multiple sclerosis (MS). PML risk increases in individuals seropositive for anti-John Cunningham virus (JC) antibodies, with prolonged duration of natalizumab treatment, and with prior exposure to imm... | The presence of IgM bands reflects a process that may diminish the risk of PML by counteracting the excess of immunosuppression that may occur during natalizumab therapy. | yes |
21696921 | Is dynamic component of sports an important determinant factor of heart rate recovery? | [
"It is usually suggested that life expectancy of top athletes especially in endurance sports is longer than that of sedentary people. On the other hand, heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality, but differences in HRR between various top athlete... | HRR of top athletes is predicted by increased dynamic component of sports, younger age, and lower BMI. | yes |
21917650 | Is epigenetic inactivation of BCL6B , a novel functional tumour suppressor for gastric cancer , associated with poor survival? | [
"Using genome-wide promoter methylation assay, B cell CLL/lymphoma 6 member B (BCL6B) was found to be preferentially methylated in cancer. A study was undertaken to examine the epigenetic regulation, biological function and clinical significance of BCL6B in gastric cancer (GC).",
"BCL6B promoter methylation was e... | BCL6B plays a pivotal role as a potential tumour suppressor in GC. Detection of methylated BCL6B may serve as an independent biomarker for the prognosis of GC. | yes |
7535172 | Does mesoderm formation in response to Brachyury require FGF signalling? | [
"The Brachyury (T) gene is required for the formation of posterior mesoderm and for axial development in both mouse and zebrafish embryos. In these species, and in Xenopus, the gene is expressed transiently throughout the presumptive mesoderm, and transcripts then persiste in notochord and posterior tissues. In Xen... | Formation of mesoderm tissue requires an intact FGF signalling pathway downstream of Brachyury. This requirement is due to a regulatory loop, in which Brachyury activates expression of a member of the FGF family, and FGF maintains expression of Brachyury.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | yes |
23194306 | Is berEP4 widely expressed in tumors of the sweat apparatus : a source of potential diagnostic error? | [
"A 63-year-old man presented with an ulcerated nodule with a rolled pearly edge on his back. A punch biopsy showed diffuse strong BerEP4 expression and retraction artifact. Consequently the tumor was diagnosed as a basal cell carcinoma but on excision the tumor proved to be a porocarcinoma. Although Jimenez et al. ... | This case and pilot study shows that BerEP4 expression is common in these selected sweat apparatus tumors, and staining may be strongly so. This observation should be borne in mind in clinical practice. | yes |
18462163 | Do maternal HLA homozygosity and mother-child HLA concordance increase the risk of vertical transmission of HIV-1? | [
"Mother-child human leukocyte antigen (HLA) concordance and maternal HLA homozygosity may increase the risk of vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) risk by reducing infant immune responses.",
"We analyzed mother-child HLA concordance and maternal HLA homozygosity in a Kenyan perina... | The risks of overall, in utero, and breast milk HIV-1 transmission increased with HLA concordance and homozygosity. The increased risk may be due to reduced alloimmunity or less diverse protective immune responses. | yes |
20223529 | Do marrow-derived MSCs and atorvastatin improve cardiac function in rat model of AMI? | [
"Both atorvastatin and cell-based therapy were reportedly beneficial to ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this study, we sought to study the synergistic effects of marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and atorvastatin in a rat model of AMI.",
"To create a rat model of AMI... | These results suggest that either atorvastatin or MSCs cannot individually improve ventricular function significantly. However, atorvastatin synergistically enhanced the beneficial effects of MSCs in the treatment of AMI. | yes |
11089753 | Is pre-operative tonometry predictive for mortality and morbidity in high-risk surgical patients? | [
"To determine whether a) pre-operative measurement of gastric intramucosal pHi is predictive for mortality and morbidity in high-risk surgical patients and b) peri-operative improvement of global oxygen delivery (DO2) with fluids and dopexamine leads to increased gastric pHi and c) either improved global perfusion ... | In high-risk surgical patients pre-operative measurement of pHi was predictive for mortality. The peri-operative response of pHi to dopexamine seemed to be dependent on pre-operative gastric pHi. | yes |
23953838 | Does membrane cut-off influence results regarding the measurement of small molecules - a comparative study between 20- and 100-kDa catheters in hepatic microdialysis? | [
"Microdialysis is a method used to monitor hepatic tissue metabolism. Membranes with a molecular cut-off of 20 kilodalton (kDa) are currently used to measure the small metabolites glucose, glycerol, lactate and pyruvate. Using membranes with higher cut-off such as 100 kDa allows the possibility of measuring larger ... | Microdialysis catheters with membrane cut-off of 20 and 100 kDa can be used equally in hepatic microdialysis for the monitoring of glucose, glycerol, lactate and pyruvate, and lactate/pyruvate ratio if a high osmotic solution (Voluven) is used to perfuse the 100-kDa catheters. | no |
23772831 | Does iron status and developmental scores in 6-year-olds highlight ongoing need to tackle iron deficiency in infants? | [
"To investigate iron status and developmental scores at 6 years of age in a population with decreased prevalence of iron deficiency in infancy. Iron status at 6 years and tracking from 12 months were also studied.",
"Children (n = 143) born in Iceland in 2005 were followed up at the age of six. Motor and verbal d... | Improved iron status at 12 months and 6 years has diminished the public health threat associated with iron depletion in the population studied, but iron depletion and development still associate weakly. Action to prevent iron depletion in infancy remains important. | yes |
27215664 | Does second harmonic generation imaging reveal a distinct organization of collagen fibrils in locations associated with cartilage growth? | [
"The articular-epiphyseal cartilage complex (AECC) is responsible for the expansion of the bone ends and serves the function of the articular cartilage in juvenile mammals. Bundles of collagen fibrils surrounding cells were in the literature observed more frequently near the articular surface of the AECC. The artic... | The observed arrangement of collagen fibrils was suggested to be related to the presumed different growth activity in these areas and indicated that SHG may be used as an indirect and label-free marker for cartilage matrix growth. | yes |
22286641 | Does switching between anti-TNF-alpha agents improve functional capacity in patients with long-standing and active rheumatoid arthritis? | [
"To assess clinical response after switching between anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (anti-TNF-alpha) agents in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).",
"This study included 99 patients diagnosed with RA American College of Rheumatology, 1987), on anti-TNF-alpha therapy, to assess the therapeutic response afte... | Switching between anti-TNF-alpha agents is a valid strategy to control disease activity, despite the low likelihood of remission and no significant improvement in functional capacity. | no |
15695105 | Is a subnormal plasma volume in formerly preeclamptic women associated with a low venous capacitance? | [
"Pregnancy induces a smaller rise in plasma volume in formerly preeclamptic women with a pre-existent subnormal plasma volume than in their counterparts with a normal plasma volume. These women also have a three times higher recurrence rate of pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders. In this study we tested the hy... | Formerly preeclamptic women with a subnormal plasma volume differ from controls with a normal plasma volume by a reduced venous capacitance. These results support our hypothesis that, in these women, a subnormal plasma volume indicates the presence of a subnormal venous capacitance. | yes |
16277804 | Is past food habit change related to obesity , lifestyle and socio-economic factors in the Malmo Diet and Cancer Cohort? | [
"To examine if obesity status and socio-economic and lifestyle factors are associated with self-reported past food habit change, and also whether the level of obesity depends on the reason for change.",
"Cross-sectional analysis within the Malmo Diet and Cancer (MDC) study using data from the baseline examination... | Because past food habit change is related to obesity and other lifestyle and socio-economic factors, a complex confounding situation may exist that could seriously influence observed relationships between diet and disease. Studies need to collect information on past food habit change and take this information into acco... | yes |
24689367 | Does prostaglandin therapy during the proliferative phase improve pregnancy rates following frozen embryo transfer in a hormone replacement cycle? | [
"To determine the efficacy of prostaglandin administration during the proliferative phase in order to improve pregnancy rates following frozen embryo transfer during a hormone replacement cycle (HRC).",
"From September 2010 through March 2012, patients (n = 135) were recruited who had undergone oocyte retrieval d... | Among patients who avoided fresh ET due to a thin endometrium, the pregnancy rate following a thawed cycle was low. However, it was improved when prostaglandin derivatives were used during the proliferative phase. | yes |
15938955 | Do [ Analysis of susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from a burn ward to antibiotics in vitro ]? | [
"To analyze the isolation and the in vitro susceptibility of P. aeruginosa to antibiotics in our burn ward.",
"Five hundred and thirty six burn patients admitted to our ward from 1997 to 2003 were enrolled in the study, and the wound excretion, the tips of the venous catheter, the subeschar tissue samples, and th... | The isolation rates of P. aeruginosa were steady during the period from 1997 to 1999, and they began to increase in 2000. The bacterial resistance to antibiotics increased gradually in recent years, and the strains of P. aeruginosa had become multi-drug resistant. | yes |
23482336 | Is the RHOX homeobox gene cluster selectively expressed in human oocytes and male germ cells? | [
"What human tissues and cell types express the X-linked reproductive homeobox (RHOX) gene cluster?"
] | The RHOX homeobox genes and proteins are selectively expressed in germ cells in both the ovary and testis. | yes |
16641552 | Does inhibition of Akt/PKB by a COX-2 inhibitor induce apoptosis in gastric cancer cells? | [
"Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 has been proposed to be a potential mechanism for the chemoprevention of gastrointestinal tumors by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This study investigates the mechanisms by which the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor SC236 induces apoptosis of gastric cancer cell lines and its downst... | One of the pathways involved in SC-236-induced apoptosis in gastric cancer cells is through downregulation of Akt and then release of cytochrome c. | yes |
22382749 | Do comparison between graft and no-graft in an immediate placed and immediate nonfunctional loaded implant? | [
"This study compares success rates and hard and periimplant soft tissue responses, between placement and nonplacement of the following five different types of grafts: autogenous bone (A); deproteinized bovine bone mineral (H); demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (D); A + H; A + D in horizontal gaps between im... | Results of this study suggest that immediate placed and immediate restored single implants are valuable therapeutic options in the maxillary arch. The types of grafts placement: A, H, D, A + H, and A + D in horizontal gaps have no additional benefit in promoting better clinical outcomes given that a thick gingival biot... | yes |
19509586 | Does beclin1 induce autophagy and its potential contributions to sensitizes SiHa cells to carboplatin therapy? | [
"To investigate the role of Beclin1 in the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis after carboplatin treatment.",
"After overexpression or partial silencing of Beclin1 in cervical cancer SiHa cells, the transfected group and the control group were treated with carboplatin for 48 hours. The expression of Becl... | These results suggest that autophagy and apoptosis had differential contributions to carboplatin-induced death of cervical cancer SiHa cells. Overexpression of Beclin1 in SiHa cells may enhance apoptosis signaling induced by carboplatin. | yes |
20806044 | Does r213W mutation in the retinoschisis 1 gene cause X-linked juvenile retinoschisis in a large Chinese family? | [
"We identified a large Chinese family with X-linked juvenile retinoschisis. The purpose of this study was to report the clinical findings of the family and to identify the genetic mutation by screening the retinoschisis 1 (RS1) gene.",
"Family history was collected and all family members underwent routine ophthal... | Our data show that the R213W mutation in RS1 causes various severities of retinoschisis in a large Chinese family, providing further evidence for X-linked juvenile retinoschisis phenotypic variability. | yes |
21077520 | Does length of time of embryo storage negatively influence pregnancy rates after thawing and transfer? | [
"To determine if longer storage of embryos in a cryopreserved state negatively affects the chance of successful implantation following thawing and transfer.",
"A retrospective cohort analysis of frozen-thawed embryos that had been donated to recipients. Four time periods were evaluated.",
"No significant decrea... | Hopefully these data and results from other IVF centers will influence those countries having a mandatory discarding policy to reconsider and lift these restrictions, especially to increase the pool of embryos available for donation. | no |
8642826 | Does nitric oxide inhibition attenuate systemic hypotension produced by protamine? | [
"Protamine reversal of heparin anticoagulation often causes systemic hypotension, and in vitro studies suggest that this may be mediated by release of nitric oxide from the endothelium. The present investigations were designed to evaluate the direct myocardial effects of protamine and to determine in vivo whether n... | Protamine-heparin complex does not cause direct myocardial depression but does lead to severe hypotension in vivo. The finding that hypotension can be blocked by inhibitors of the nitric oxide pathway confirms previous in vitro studies indicating that the effects of protamine are mediated, in part, by the vascular endo... | yes |
17851864 | Does high-intensity strength training improve quality of life in cancer survivors? | [
"Cancer rehabilitation programs mainly involve endurance training, and little attention is paid to strength training. Cancer survivors are generally advised to train at much lower workloads than the standard guidelines for strength training suggest. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an 1... | The high-intensity strength training was well tolerated by all patients. Significant improvements in muscle strength were found, with effect sizes varying from 1.32 to 2.68. VO2 max increased significantly by 10% in men and by 13% in women. Different functional scales of HRQOL improved (p < 0.01), with effect sizes var... | yes |
21160156 | Is insulin resistance associated with gestational hypertension and not with preeclampsia : a population-based screening study? | [
"To investigate the relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and subsequent gestational hypertension (GH) or preeclampsia (PE) in normoglycemic and in gestational diabetic pregnant women. Furthermore, we tested whether this association was independent of the prepregnancy body mass index (BMI).",
"Each partici... | The present study suggests that IR at the OGTT is associated with the later development of GH; on the other hand, it is not associated with PE. These relationships are independent of the maternal BMI. | yes |
27198767 | Is pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio correlated with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy as an independent prognostic indicator in breast cancer patients : a retrospective study? | [
"A high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) may be related to increased mortality in patients with lung, colorectal, stomach, liver, and pancreatic cancer. To date, the utility of NLR to predict the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has not been studied. The aim of our study was to determine whether the N... | Pretreatment NLR < 2.06 is associated with pCR rate, suggesting that NLR may be an important factor predicting the response to NAC in breast cancer patients. NLR is an independent predictor of RFS and BCSS in breast cancer patients with NLR ≥ 2.1 who receive NAC. We suggest prospective studies to evaluate NLR as a simp... | yes |
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