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Lin–Kernighan heuristic Basic Lin–Kernighan algorithm Lin–Kernighan_heuristic > Derivation > Basic Lin–Kernighan algorithm If i ≤ j {\displaystyle i\leq j} then if g ∗ > 0 {\displaystyle g^{*}>0} then set T := T △ F {\displaystyle T:=T\mathbin {\triangle } F} (update current tour) and clear the stack. else if i > p 1 {... |
Gluing (topology) Quotient map Quotient_space_(topology) > Quotient map {\displaystyle Y.} In particular, open subsets of X {\displaystyle X} that are not saturated have no impact on whether the function f {\displaystyle f} is a quotient map (or, indeed, continuous: a function f: X → Y {\displaystyle f:X\to Y} is conti... |
Visual space Space and its content Visual_space > Space and its content In a more richly textured visual world, the various visual percepts carry with them prior perceptual associations which often affect their relative spatial disposition. Identical separations in physical space can look quite different (are quite dif... |
Nerve conduction study Interpretation of nerve conductions Nerve_conduction_studies > Interpretation of nerve conductions The interpretation of nerve conduction studies is complex and requires the expertise of health care practitioners such as clinical neurophysiologists, medical neurologists, physical therapists, chir... |
Intrinsic bond orbitals Application in structure and bonding Intrinsic_bond_orbitals > Application in structure and bonding In his original paper introducing IBOs, Knizia showed the versatility of his method for describing not only classical bonding situations, such as the σ and π bond, but also aromatic systems and no... |
Z3 Theorem Prover Summary Z3_Theorem_Prover Z3, also known as the Z3 Theorem Prover, is a satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) solver developed by Microsoft. |
Geosynchronous Earth orbit Launch Geosynchronous_Earth_orbit > Launch A launch site should have water or deserts to the east, so any failed rockets do not fall on a populated area.Most launch vehicles place geosynchronous satellites directly into a geosynchronous transfer orbit (GTO), an elliptical orbit with an apogee... |
Alphasyllabic numeral system Structure Alphasyllabic_numeral_system > Structure The number’s value, which is represented in this way, is given as positional number with one syllable on each position. Direction of this script is right to left.In aksharapalli system, syllables were assigned the numerical values 1–9, 10–9... |
Factorial number system Examples Factorial_number_system > Examples which equals 719 in decimal: 5×5! + 4×4! |
Champernowne constant Continued fraction expansion Champernowne_constant > Continued fraction expansion That there are such large numbers as terms of the continued fraction expansion means that the convergents obtained by stopping before these large numbers provide an exceptionally good approximation of the Champernown... |
Harmony search Particle swarm optimization (PSO) (Kennedy & Eberhart, 1995) Glowworm_swarm_optimization > Algorithms > 1980s-1990s > Particle swarm optimization (PSO) (Kennedy & Eberhart, 1995) PSO is originally attributed to Kennedy, Eberhart and Shi and was first intended for simulating social behaviour as a stylized... |
Construction field computing Integration of systems Construction_field_computing > Other considerations > Integration of systems Web Based Mobile IT These systems from leading vendors are not simply all about mobility in field and cutting the work required by in field managers in the area of report writing. Cloud based... |
Theory of equivalence Overview Theory_of_equivalence > Overview But for the purposes of an overview, it is convenient to stick with the principal bundle viewpoint. The second step is to use the diffeomorphism invariance of the exterior derivative to try to isolate any other higher-order invariants of the G-structure. B... |
Water molecule Summary Water_molecule This polarity allows it to dissociate ions in salts and bond to other polar substances such as alcohols and acids, thus dissolving them. Its hydrogen bonding causes its many unique properties, such as having a solid form less dense than its liquid form, a relatively high boiling po... |
Telecommunication technology Internet Electronic_communications > Modern media > Internet The Internet is a worldwide network of computers and computer networks that communicate with each other using the Internet Protocol (IP). Any computer on the Internet has a unique IP address that can be used by other computers to ... |
Control character Miscellaneous codes Control_codes > The design purpose > Miscellaneous codes Since the position of a NUL character has no holes punched, it can be replaced with any other character at a later time, so it was typically used to reserve space, either for correcting errors or for inserting information tha... |
Nephrotic syndrome Diagnosis Nephrotic_syndrome > Diagnosis The urine sample is tested for proteinuria (>3.5 g per 1.73 m2 per 24 hours). It is also examined for urinary casts, which are more a feature of active nephritis. Next a blood screen, comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) will look for hypoalbuminemia: albumin l... |
Optical Physics Atomic and molecular physics Optical_sciences > Atomic and molecular physics One important aspect of molecular physics is that the essential atomic orbital theory in the field of atomic physics expands to the molecular orbital theory. Molecular physics is concerned with atomic processes in molecules, bu... |
Quantization distortion Quantization noise model Quantization_(signal_processing) > Noise and error characteristics > Quantization noise model The calculations are relative to full-scale input. For smaller signals, the relative quantization distortion can be very large. To circumvent this issue, analog companding can b... |
Hypoelastic material Summary Hypoelastic_material In continuum mechanics, a hypoelastic material is an elastic material that has a constitutive model independent of finite strain measures except in the linearized case. Hypoelastic material models are distinct from hyperelastic material models (or standard elasticity mo... |
Magnes sive de Arte Magnetica Magnetism and health Magnes_sive_de_Arte_Magnetica > Magnetism and health While Magnes is noted today primarily for its arguments against Copernicanism, the work addressed a wide variety of different phenomena, including some that have no relationship to the modern scientific understanding... |
Stuart Dalziel Summary Stuart_Dalziel Stuart Bruce Dalziel is a British and New Zealand fluid dynamicist. He is currently based at the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at the University of Cambridge, where he has directed the GKB Laboratory since 1997. He was promoted to the rank of Professor i... |
Elementary particles Electroweak bosons Elementary_particle > Standard Model > Fundamental bosons > Electroweak bosons There are three weak gauge bosons: W+, W−, and Z0; these mediate the weak interaction. The W bosons are known for their mediation in nuclear decay: The W− converts a neutron into a proton then decays i... |
Autoinflammatory diseases Loss of negative regulators Autoinflammatory_diseases > Mechanisms of the origin > Loss of negative regulators That, again, can lead to systemic inflammation and severe inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This provides that even single-cytokine dysregulation can cause autoinflammatory diseases. ... |
Elasticity of cell membranes Research papers on closed vesicles Elasticity_of_cell_membranes > Bibliography > Research papers on closed vesicles U. Seifert, K. Berndl, and R. Lipowsky, Shape transformations of vesicles: Phase diagram for spontaneous- curvature and bilayer-coupling models, Phys. Rev. A 44 (1991) 1182-12... |
Rainbow table Precomputed hash chains Rainbow_table > Precomputed hash chains Given a password hash function H and a finite set of passwords P, the goal is to precompute a data structure that, given any output h of the hash function, can either locate an element p in P such that H(p) = h, or determine that there is no ... |
Military simulation Problems of simulation Virtual_battlefield > Simulation and reality > Problems of simulation For obvious reasons of cost, weapons systems (such as an air-to-air missile system for use by fighter aircraft) are extensively modelled on computer. Without testing of their own, a potential buyer must rely... |
Double-stranded RNA Regulatory RNA in prokaryotes RNA > Regulatory RNA > Regulatory RNA in prokaryotes At first, regulatory RNA was thought to be a eukaryotic phenomenon, a part of the explanation for why so much more transcription in higher organisms was seen than had been predicted. But as soon as researchers began t... |
Watermark (data file) Digital watermarking Watermark_(data_file) > Digital watermarking Digital watermarking is distinctly different from data hashing. It is the process of altering the original data file, allowing for the subsequent recovery of embedded auxiliary data referred to as a watermark. A subscriber, with kno... |
Other nonmetal Unclassified Reactive_nonmetals > Subclasses > Unclassified Oxygen corrodes iron via rust. White phosphorus, the most unstable form, ignites in air and produces phosphoric acid residue. Untreated selenium in soils can give rise to corrosive hydrogen selenide gas. |
Cayley–Menger determinant Example Cayley–Menger_determinant > Realization of a Euclidean distance matrix > Theorem (d is given) > Example . . {\displaystyle p_{2}={(\delta _{12})^{2},0,...}} . |
Spin transfer Summary Spin_transfer If this spin-polarized current is directed into a second, thinner magnetic layer (the “free layer”), the angular momentum can be transferred to this layer, changing its orientation. This can be used to excite oscillations or even flip the orientation of the magnet. The effects are us... |
Holding current (electronics) Summary Holding_current_(electronics) The holding current (hypostatic) for electrical, electromagnetic, and electronic devices is the minimum current which must pass through a circuit in order for it to remain in the 'ON' state. The term can be applied to a single switch or to an entire de... |
Arzelà–Ascoli theorem Differentiable functions Ascoli's_theorem > Statement and first consequences > Immediate examples > Differentiable functions Then there is a subsequence of the { fn } converging uniformly to a continuously differentiable function. The diagonalization argument can also be used to show that a family... |
Rope bridge Design Simple_suspension_bridge > Design These include a stressed ribbon bridge, which is closely related to a simple suspension bridge but has a stiffened deck suitable for vehicle traffic. A very light bridge, constructed with cables under high tension, may approach a suspended deck bridge in the nearly h... |
Intracellular membranes Golgi apparatus Intracellular_membranes > Components of the system > Golgi apparatus The Golgi apparatus (also known as the Golgi body and the Golgi complex) is composed of separate sacs called cisternae. Its shape is similar to a stack of pancakes. The number of these stacks varies with the spe... |
Differential privacy The Laplace mechanism Differential_privacy > ε-differentially private mechanisms > The Laplace mechanism The Laplace mechanism adds Laplace noise (i.e. noise from the Laplace distribution, which can be expressed by probability density function noise ( y ) ∝ exp ( − | y | / λ ) {\displaystyle {\te... |
Graphical programming Multimedia Visual_programming > List of visual languages > Multimedia Houdini (software) vfx, modeling and animation software. GenerativeComponents, a parametric CAD software developed by Bentley Systems Grasshopper 3d, a generative modeling interface for Rhinoceros 3D Isadora, a proprietary graph... |
Laue equations Summary Laue_conditions (This physical interpretation of the equation is based on the assumption that scattering at a lattice point is made in a way that the scattering wave and the incoming wave have the same phase at the point.) It also can be seen as the conservation of momentum as ℏ k o u t = ℏ k i n... |
Photochemistry Principles Photochemistry > Concept > Principles In the case of photochemical reactions, light provides the activation energy. Simplistically, light is one mechanism for providing the activation energy required for many reactions. If laser light is employed, it is possible to selectively excite a molecul... |
Comparison of Java and C++ Performance Comparison_of_Java_and_C++ > Performance Currently available JVM implementations have no problem in inlining most of the monomorphic, mostly monomorphic and dimorphic calls, and research is in progress to inline also megamorphic calls, thanks to the recent invoke dynamic enhanceme... |
Comparison of BSD operating systems Other sources Comparison_of_BSD_operating_systems > Notes and references > Other sources "The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD" (ASCII). The NetBSD Foundation. Retrieved 2006-06-03. |
Server consolidation Reasons for virtualization Guest_operating_system > Reasons for virtualization There are several approaches to platform virtualization. Examples of virtualization use cases: Running one or more applications that are not supported by the host OS: A virtual machine running the required guest OS could... |
Glacial erosion Submarine sediment gravity flows Erosion > Physical processes > Submarine sediment gravity flows On the continental slope, erosion of the ocean floor to create channels and submarine canyons can result from the rapid downslope flow of sediment gravity flows, bodies of sediment-laden water that move rapi... |
Root-finding algorithms Summary Root_finding_of_polynomials In mathematics and computing, a root-finding algorithm is an algorithm for finding zeros, also called "roots", of continuous functions. A zero of a function f, from the real numbers to real numbers or from the complex numbers to the complex numbers, is a numbe... |
CH3I Methylation reagent CH3I > Reactions > Methylation reagent Iodomethane is an excellent substrate for SN2 substitution reactions. It is sterically open for attack by nucleophiles, and iodide is a good leaving group. It is used for alkylating carbon, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and phosphorus nucleophiles. Unfortunate... |
Categorization Classical view Categorization > Theories > Classical view The classical theory of categorization, is a term used in cognitive linguistics to denote the approach to categorization that appears in Plato and Aristotle and that has been highly influential and dominant in Western culture, particularly in phil... |
Human nature Summary Human_nature Charles Darwin's theory of evolution has particularly changed the shape of the discussion, supporting the proposition that mankind's ancestors were not like mankind today. As in much of modern science, such theories seek to explain with little or no recourse to metaphysical causation. ... |
Horizontal transfer Prokaryotes Transposition_(horizontal_gene_transfer) > Prokaryotes Horizontal gene transfer is common among bacteria, even among very distantly related ones. This process is thought to be a significant cause of increased drug resistance when one bacterial cell acquires resistance, and the resistance... |
Potential gradient Three dimensions Potential_gradient > Definition > Three dimensions {\displaystyle \mathbf {F} =\nabla \phi .\,\!} although this final form holds in any curvilinear coordinate system, not just Cartesian. This expression represents a significant feature of any conservative vector field F, namely F has... |
Welcome mat Others Mat > Types > Others an anti-vibration mat, which performs the function of isolating vibration between that which is above the mat and that which is below. Such a mat might typically be used when mounting a heavy machine which vibrates, onto a concrete floor; in the absence of the anti-vibration mat,... |
Aerial Lift Bridge Bridge history Aerial_Lift_Bridge > Bridge history This type of span, known variously as an aerial transfer, ferry, or transporter bridge, was first demonstrated in Bilbao's Vizcaya Bridge in 1893 and one in France in 1898. Duluth's bridge was inspired by the one in France, though the actual construc... |
Normalization Process Model Constructs Normalization_Process_Model > Development > Components > Constructs Therefore: a complex intervention is disposed to normalization if it is calibrated to an agreed skill-set at a recognizable location in the division of labor. Contextual integration: This refers to the incorporati... |
Apparent molar property Multicomponent mixtures or solutions Apparent_molar_property > Multicomponent mixtures or solutions . ) = ϕ V ~ 123.. = V − V 0 n 1 + n 2 + n 3 + . . |
Sink United States Wash_basin > History > United States The washstand was a bathroom sink made in the United States in the late 18th century. The washstands were small tables on which were placed a pitcher and a deep bowl, following the English tradition. Sometimes the table had a hole where the large bowl rested, whic... |
Position four-vector Four-velocity Position_four-vector > Kinematics > Four-velocity The four-velocity of a particle is defined by: Geometrically, U is a normalized vector tangent to the world line of the particle. Using the differential of the four-position, the magnitude of the four-velocity can be obtained: in short... |
Dual vector Summary Dual_vector In mathematics, a linear form (also known as a linear functional, a one-form, or a covector) is a linear map from a vector space to its field of scalars (often, the real numbers or the complex numbers). If V is a vector space over a field k, the set of all linear functionals from V to k ... |
Solar forcing Recent growth trends Radiative_Forcing > Recent growth trends Radiative forcing can be a useful way to compare the growing warming influence of different anthropogenic greenhouse gases over time. The table and figures below (derived by researchers at NOAA from atmospheric radiative transfer models) show c... |
Haematopoietic system Function Hematopoietic_system > Function They are derived from common lymphoid progenitors. The lymphoid lineage is composed of T-cells, B-cells and natural killer cells. This is lymphopoiesis. Cells of the myeloid lineage, which include granulocytes, megakaryocytes and macrophages, are derived fr... |
SAW filter Technologies Filter_(signal_processing) > Technologies Filters can be built in a number of different technologies. The same transfer function can be realised in several different ways, that is the mathematical properties of the filter are the same but the physical properties are quite different. Often the co... |
Shear strength (soil) Summary Shear_strength_(soil) If soil expands its volume, the density of particles will decrease and the strength will decrease; in this case, the peak strength would be followed by a reduction of shear stress. The stress-strain relationship levels off when the material stops expanding or contract... |
Time hierarchy theorem Non-deterministic time hierarchy theorem Time_hierarchy > Non-deterministic time hierarchy theorem If g(n) is a time-constructible function, and f(n+1) = o(g(n)), then there exists a decision problem which cannot be solved in non-deterministic time f(n) but can be solved in non-deterministic time... |
Algal toxin Bloom characterization Diatom_bloom > Bloom characterization These blooms are recognizable by large blades of algae that may wash up onto the shoreline.Once the nutrient is present in the water, the algae begin to grow at a much faster rate than usual. In a mini bloom, this fast growth benefits the whole ec... |
Variational Monte Carlo Wave function optimization in VMC Variational_Monte_Carlo > Wave function optimization in VMC QMC calculations crucially depend on the quality of the trial-function, and so it is essential to have an optimized wave-function as close as possible to the ground state. The problem of function optimi... |
Microstructured optical arrays Properties Microstructured_optical_arrays > Properties MOAs are achromatic (which means the focal properties do not change for radiation of different wavelengths) as they utilize grazing incidence reflection. This means that they are able to focus chromatic radiation to a common point unl... |
ZX-calculus Applications ZX-calculus > Applications The ZX-calculus has been used in a variety of quantum information and computation tasks. It has been used to describe measurement-based quantum computation and graph states. The ZX-calculus is a language for lattice surgery on surface codes. It has been used to find a... |
Anti-scatter grid Drawbacks Anti-scatter_grid > Drawbacks Hollis Potter (1880-1964) showed in 1920 that these grid lines could be eliminated by moving the grid at right angles to the grid lines during the exposure. If the range and speed of motion is sufficient, the grid lines will be blurred out. |
Ataxia–telangiectasia Immune problems Ataxia–telangiectasia > Management > Immune problems Problems with immunity sometimes can be overcome by immunization. Vaccines against common bacterial respiratory pathogens such as Hemophilus influenzae, pneumococci and influenza virus (the "flu") are commercially available and o... |
Hyperlens Summary Metamaterial_lens A superlens, or super lens, is a lens which uses metamaterials to go beyond the diffraction limit. The diffraction limit is a feature of conventional lenses and microscopes that limits the fineness of their resolution depending on the illumination wavelength and the numerical apertur... |
Quantinuum Quantum NLP/Compositional Intelligence Quantinuum > Technology and Products > Quantum NLP/Compositional Intelligence Quantinuum’s Quantum Natural Language Processing team is developing reasoning-based quantum artificial intelligence that works with modern machine learning-based techniques to produce AI syste... |
Accidental symmetry In Quantum Mechanics Accidental_symmetry > In Quantum Mechanics The observed degeneracy boils down to the fact that the system has a D3 symmetry. In quantum mechanics, calculations (at least formally) boil down to the diagonalization of Hermitian matrices - in particular, the Hamiltonian, or in the ... |
Synchro Synchro variants Synchro > Synchro variants For instance, a two-speed link had two transmitters, one rotating for one turn over the full range (such as a gun's bearing), while the other rotated one turn for every 10 degrees of bearing. The latter was called a 36-speed synchro. Of course, the gear trains were ma... |
Neurobiological effects of physical exercise Cortisol and the psychological stress response Neurobiological_effects_of_physical_exercise > Effects on neurochemistry > Cortisol and the psychological stress response The "stress hormone", cortisol, is a glucocorticoid that binds to glucocorticoid receptors. Psychological ... |
Hydrogen ions Summary Hydrogen_ions A hydrogen ion is created when a hydrogen atom loses an electron. A positively charged hydrogen ion (or proton) can readily combine with other particles and therefore is only seen isolated when it is in a gaseous state or a nearly particle-free space. Due to its extremely high charge... |
Andalusian cadence Modal vs. tonal Andalusian_cadence > Analysis > Modal vs. tonal When the VI chord, which may be added between III and ♭II (iv–III–VI–♭II–I) and cadenced upon, is the most characteristic contrasting tonal area, similar by analogy to the relative major of a minor key.Another modification gives the prog... |
Iron bloom Process Iron_bloom > Process Since slag from previous blooms may have a high iron content, it can also be broken up and may be recycled into the bloomery with the new ore. In operation, after the bloomery is heated typically with a wood fire, shifting to burning sized charcoal, iron ore and additional charco... |
Air-Line Fittings Common fitting profiles by size Air-Line_Fittings > Common fitting profiles by size European convention uses DN (nominal diameter) to denote a nominal size of each fitting. Various manufacturers specify series or styles for each profile. Fittings are commonly referred to by their manufacturer name/ser... |
Undercompressive shock wave Non-linear waves and the classical theory of shock waves Undercompressive_shock_wave > Further reading > Non-linear waves and the classical theory of shock waves J. David Logan. An introduction to nonlinear partial differential equations Wiley-Interscience 1994 G. B. Whitham. Linear and non-... |
Premack principle Summary Premack_principle The Premack principle, or the relativity theory of reinforcement, states that more probable behaviors will reinforce less probable behaviors. |
Drug interaction With herbal medicines Drug_interaction > With herbal medicines The most commonly implicated conventional drugs in herb-drug interactions are warfarin, insulin, aspirin, digoxin, and ticlopidine, due to their narrow therapeutic indices. The most commonly implicated herbs involved in such interactions ar... |
Brand Brand recognition Brand_marketing > Concepts > Brand recognition When given some type of cue, consumers who are able to retrieve the particular memory node that referred to the brand, they exhibit brand recognition. Often, this form of brand awareness assists customers in choosing one brand over another when face... |
Chemical Imaging Principles Chemical_Imaging > Principles Chemical imaging shares the fundamentals of vibrational spectroscopic techniques, but provides additional information by way of the simultaneous acquisition of spatially resolved spectra. It combines the advantages of digital imaging with the attributes of spect... |
Pyruvate oxidation Summary Pyruvate_decarboxylation Pyruvate decarboxylation or pyruvate oxidation, also known as the link reaction, Swanson Conversion, or oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, is the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA by the enzyme complex pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.The reaction may be simpli... |
Howe truss The web Howe_truss > The truss > The web A Howe truss bridge can be strengthened to achieve a live load to dead load ratio of 2-to-1. If this ratio is 2-to-1 or greater, then a six-panel truss must have counter-braces and these must at least one-third as strong as the braces. The counter-braces in an eight-p... |
Artificial Photosynthesis Current research Artificial_Photosynthesis > Current research In energy terms, natural photosynthesis can be divided in three steps: Light-harvesting complexes in bacteria and plants capture photons and transduce them into electrons, injecting them into the photosynthetic chain. Proton-coupled... |
Solvation Solvents and intermolecular interactions Solvation > Solvents and intermolecular interactions Solvation involves different types of intermolecular interactions: hydrogen bonding, ion–dipole interactions, and van der Waals forces (which consist of dipole–dipole, dipole–induced dipole, and induced dipole–induce... |
Echo state network Background Echo_state_network > Background The Echo State Network (ESN) belongs to the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) family and provide their architecture and supervised learning principle. Unlike Feedforward Neural Networks, Recurrent Neural Networks are dynamic systems and not functions. Recurrent... |
Java ConcurrentMap Weak consistency Java_ConcurrentMap > Weak consistency So, for example, a Map containing two entries that are inter-dependent may be seen in an inconsistent way by a reader Thread during modification by another Thread. An update that is supposed to change the key of an Entry (k1,v) to an Entry (k2,v)... |
Mechanome Summary Mechanome Requires knowledge of the distribution of force throughout the cell/organ/body, the functional interactions between these stresses and the fundamental biological processes. The mechanome seeks to understand the fundamental physical-mechanical processes and events that affect biological funct... |
Assignable variable Scope and extent Scalar_variable > Scope and extent Such a variable may, however, be assigned a new value, which gives it a new extent. For space efficiency, a memory space needed for a variable may be allocated only when the variable is first used and freed when it is no longer needed. A variable i... |
Data validation and reconciliation Benefits Data_validation_and_reconciliation > Data reconciliation > Benefits Redundancy can be used as a source of information to cross-check and correct the measurements y {\displaystyle y\,\!} and increase their accuracy and precision: on the one hand they reconciled Further, the da... |
H3K9me2 Epigenetic implications H3K9me2 > Epigenetic implications These annotated states can be used as new ways to annotate a genome independently of the underlying genome sequence. This independence from the DNA sequence enforces the epigenetic nature of histone modifications. Chromatin states are also useful in iden... |
Facet theory Description of Partial Order Scalogram Analysis by Coordinates (POSAC) Facet_theory > Multiple scaling by POSAC > Description of Partial Order Scalogram Analysis by Coordinates (POSAC) The well known Guttman scale (example: 1111, 1121, 1131, 2131, 2231, 2232) is simply a 1-d scalogram, i.e. one all of who... |
Dropout (neural networks) Weak dilution Dropout_(neural_networks) > Weak dilution In weak dilution only a small and fixed fraction of the weights are diluted. When the number of terms in the sum goes to infinite (the weights for each node) it is still infinite (the fraction is fixed), thus mean field theory can be appl... |
Fecal occult blood test Colorectal cancer screening Fecal_occult_blood > Medical uses > Colorectal cancer screening Cancer Council Australia recommended that FOBT should be done every two years. People over 50 not yet eligible for the national program can arrange with their doctor for an FOBT. The Canadian Cancer Socie... |
Binary search trees Summary Binary_search_trees BSTs were devised in the 1960s for the problem of efficient storage of labeled data and are attributed to Conway Berners-Lee and David Wheeler. The performance of a binary search tree is dependent on the order of insertion of the nodes into the tree since arbitrary insert... |
DNS hijacking Response DNS_hijacking > Response In the UK, the Information Commissioner's Office has acknowledged that the practice of involuntary DNS hijacking contravenes PECR, and EC Directive 95/46 on Data Protection which require explicit consent for processing of communication traffic. However, they have refused ... |
Expectancy violations theory Axiological assumptions Expectancy_violations_theory > Metatheoretical assumptions > Axiological assumptions This theory seeks to be value-neutral as supporting studies have been conducted empirically and sought to objectively describe how humans react when their expectations are violated. |
Dirichlet distribution Support Dirichlet_distribution > Definitions > Support The support of the Dirichlet distribution is the set of K-dimensional vectors x {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {x}}} whose entries are real numbers in the interval such that ‖ x ‖ 1 = 1 {\displaystyle \|{\boldsymbol {x}}\|_{1}=1} , i.e. the sum... |
T-complex 1 Function T-complex_1 > Function This gene encodes a molecular chaperone that is a member of the TRiC complex. This complex consists of two identical stacked rings, each containing eight different proteins. Unfolded polypeptides enter the central cavity of the complex and are folded in an ATP-dependent manne... |
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