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Audio noise measurement Digital Audio_noise_measurement > Signal-to-noise ratio and dynamic range > Digital noise floor in the presence of signal, expressed in dB2 FS" with the following note: This specification is sometimes referred to as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the presence of a signal. The label SNR should no... |
Non-random segregation of chromosomes Background and early history of research Non-random_segregation_of_chromosomes > Background and early history of research However, males only appear in one generation towards the end of the year, while otherwise there are only females, which reproduce by parthenogenesis. The questi... |
Zero point energy Necessity of the vacuum field in QED Zero_point_energy > Quantum field theory > The quantum electrodynamic vacuum > Necessity of the vacuum field in QED . = e m E 0 ( t ) x ¨ ≈ − ω 0 2 x ( t ) x . |
Biomolecular engineering Method Biomolecular_engineering > Of molecules > Recombinant DNA > Method It cuts the double stranded DNA leaving 3' overhangs. Beta is a protein that binds to single stranded DNA and assists homologous recombination by promoting annealing between the homology regions of the inserted DNA and th... |
TensorFlow AutoDifferentiation TensorFlow > Features > AutoDifferentiation AutoDifferentiation is the process of automatically calculating the gradient vector of a model with respect to each of its parameters. With this feature, TensorFlow can automatically compute the gradients for the parameters in a model, which is ... |
Gastrointestinal symptom Hepatic Gastrointestinal_disorder > Accessory digestive gland disease > Hepatic Hepatic diseases refers to those affecting the liver. Hepatitis refers to inflammation of liver tissue, and may be acute or chronic. Infectious viral hepatitis, such as hepatitis A, B and C, affect in excess of (X) ... |
Ion notation Natural occurrences Positive_ions > Characteristics > Natural occurrences Ions are ubiquitous in nature and are responsible for diverse phenomena from the luminescence of the Sun to the existence of the Earth's ionosphere. Atoms in their ionic state may have a different color from neutral atoms, and thus l... |
Neuropsychopharmacology Neural circuits Neuropsychopharmacology > Neural circuits One hypothesis suggests that in the frontal cortex, 5HT2A promotes late asynchronous excitatory postsynaptic potentials, a process antagonized by serotonin itself through 5HT1 receptors, which may explain why SSRIs and other serotonin-aff... |
Linear ordinary differential equation Non-homogeneous equation with constant coefficients Linear_ordinary_differential_equation > Non-homogeneous equation with constant coefficients Instead of considering u1, ..., un as constants, they can be considered as unknown functions that have to be determined for making y a sol... |
Weighted digraph Summary Simple_directed_graph In mathematics, and more specifically in graph theory, a directed graph (or digraph) is a graph that is made up of a set of vertices connected by directed edges, often called arcs. |
Air handler Heat recovery device Air_handler > Components > Heat recovery device Wheels are also available with a hydroscopic coating to provide latent heat transfer and also the drying or humidification of airstreams. Run around coil: Two air to liquid heat exchanger coils, in opposing airstreams, piped together with ... |
Hybrizyme Cause of maintenance Hybrizyme > Cause of maintenance Several hypotheses have been proposed to account the high frequency of hybrizymes in hybrid zones such as genetic drift, elevated rates of nucleotide substitutions. or positive selection on alleles which are mildly deleterious in parental taxa. Still, some... |
Hodge conjecture Reformulation in terms of algebraic cycles Hodge_conjecture > Statement of the Hodge conjecture > Reformulation in terms of algebraic cycles We define the cohomology class of an algebraic cycle to be the sum of the cohomology classes of its components. This is an example of the cycle class map of de Rh... |
Transcranial Doppler Functional transcranial Doppler spectroscopy (fTCDS) Transcranial_Doppler > Functional transcranial Doppler (fTCD) > Functional transcranial Doppler spectroscopy (fTCDS) The most efficient standard Fourier algorithm requires that the length of the input series is equal to a power of 2. If this is n... |
Dimensional regularization Summary Dimensional_regularization In theoretical physics, dimensional regularization is a method introduced by Giambiagi and Bollini as well as – independently and more comprehensively – by 't Hooft and Veltman for regularizing integrals in the evaluation of Feynman diagrams; in other words,... |
Fission reactor By coolant Nuclear_pile > Reactor types > Classifications > By coolant During normal operation, a pressurizer is partially filled with water, and a steam bubble is maintained above it by heating the water with submerged heaters. During normal operation, the pressurizer is connected to the primary reacto... |
Oxygen Cycle Biological consumption Oxygen_Cycle > Sources and sinks > Biological consumption The main way free oxygen is lost from the atmosphere is via respiration and decay, mechanisms in which animal life and bacteria consume oxygen and release carbon dioxide. |
Polar bonds Summary Polarity_(chemistry) In chemistry, polarity is a separation of electric charge leading to a molecule or its chemical groups having an electric dipole moment, with a negatively charged end and a positively charged end. Polar molecules must contain one or more polar bonds due to a difference in electr... |
Niche picking Role Niche_picking > Scarr and McCartney's model > Role Scarr and McCartney defined niche picking as a mechanism used to select environments suitable for one's genotype. Therefore, an individual’s temperament often affects the type of niche selected, since environment reflects one’s general disposition.An... |
Glossary of environmental science B Glossary_of_environmental_science > B bluewater - collectible water from rainfall; the water that falls on roofs and hard surfaces usually flowing into rivers and the sea and recharging the ground water. In nature the global average proportion of total rainfall that is blue water is ... |
Atypical depression Research Atypical_depression > Research Atypical depression was first thought of as a disorder separate from typical depression in 1959, when doctors E.D. West and P. J. Dally were studying the effects of iproniazid, an MAOI, on patients with depression. They found consistencies among the patients w... |
Velocity potential Summary Velocity_potential A velocity potential is a scalar potential used in potential flow theory. It was introduced by Joseph-Louis Lagrange in 1788.It is used in continuum mechanics, when a continuum occupies a simply-connected region and is irrotational. In such a case, where u denotes the flow ... |
Evolutionary baggage Origin Evolutionary_baggage > Origin Genes that may have been advantageous in the past may be critically unfit for individuals in today's environment. Natural selection is not a perfect process; if an organism is “fit enough” to survive a particular environment and reproduce, its genes are passed o... |
Post-harvest losses (vegetables) Causes of loss after harvest Post-harvest_losses_(vegetables) > Causes of loss after harvest Such injury often results from careless handling, causing internal bruising, splitting and skin breaks, thus rapidly increasing water loss. Respiration is a continuing process in a plant and can... |
Corey–Itsuno reduction Variations Corey–Itsuno_reduction > Variations Although CBS catalyst 1 developed by Corey has become commonly employed in the CBS reduction reaction, other derivatives of the catalyst have been developed and utilized successfully. The R’ group of the CBS catalyst plays an important role in the en... |
Regular Language Complexity results Finite_language > Complexity results In computational complexity theory, the complexity class of all regular languages is sometimes referred to as REGULAR or REG and equals DSPACE(O(1)), the decision problems that can be solved in constant space (the space used is independent of the ... |
Solvation Solvation energy and thermodynamic considerations Solvation > Solvation energy and thermodynamic considerations This is both entropically and enthalpically unfavorable, as solvent ordering increases and solvent-solvent interactions decrease. Stronger interactions among solvent molecules leads to a greater ent... |
Order of magnitude Order-of-magnitude estimate Order_of_magnitude > Uses > Order-of-magnitude estimate For a number written in scientific notation, this logarithmic rounding scale requires rounding up to the next power of ten when the multiplier is greater than the square root of ten (about 3.162). For example, the nea... |
TCP half-open Summary Half-open_connection The term half-open refers to TCP connections whose state is out of synchronization between the two communicating hosts, possibly due to a crash of one side. A connection which is in the process of being established is also known as embryonic connection. The lack of synchroniza... |
Pink eye Bacterial Conjunctival_hyperemia > Management > Bacterial Antibiotics are also recommended for those who wear contact lenses, are immunocompromised, have disease which is thought to be due to chlamydia or gonorrhea, have a fair bit of pain, or have copious discharge. Gonorrheal or chlamydial infections require... |
Epitranscriptome Messenger RNA (mRNA) Epitranscriptome > Modifications specific to different types of RNA > Messenger RNA (mRNA) However, as cell conditions change, the fraction of modified transcripts can change as well. As with other types of RNA, modifications impact the overall structure of the mRNA. Altering its s... |
Average case analysis Worst-case versus amortized versus average-case performance Average_case_analysis > Worst-case versus amortized versus average-case performance When analyzing algorithms which often take a small time to complete, but periodically require a much larger time, amortized analysis can be used to determ... |
Optical force Summary Optical_force The optical force is a phenomenon whereby beams of light can attract and repel each other. The force acts along an axis which is perpendicular to the light beams. Because of this, parallel beams can be induced to converge or diverge. The optical force works on a microscopic scale, an... |
Corepressor Diseases Corepressor > Clinical significance > Diseases Since corepressors participate and regulate a vast range of gene expression, it is not surprising that aberrant corepressor activities can cause diseases.Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly lethal blood cancer characterized by uncontrolled myeloid... |
Pseudolinkage In translocation heterozygote Pseudolinkage > In translocation heterozygote In translocation heterozygote, however, certain patterns of chromosome segregation during meiosis produce genetically unbalanced gametes that at fertilization become deleterious to the zygote. In a translocation heterozygote, the ... |
Motor coordination Complexity Fine_motor_coordination > Properties > Complexity (3) coordinating the muscles required for lifting and articulating the bottle so that the water can be poured into the glass. (4) terminating the action by placing the empty bottle back on the table. Hand-eye coordination is also required i... |
Electron diffraction Polycrystalline pattern Electron_diffraction > Types and techniques > In a transmission electron microscope > Polycrystalline pattern Diffraction patterns depend on whether the beam is diffracted by one single crystal or by a number of differently oriented crystallites, for instance in a polycrysta... |
Earle Buckingham Summary Earle_Buckingham Retrieved from . Development of gear Technology and Theroy of Gearing. |
Random Variable Convergence Random_variables > Convergence A significant theme in mathematical statistics consists of obtaining convergence results for certain sequences of random variables; for instance the law of large numbers and the central limit theorem. There are various senses in which a sequence X n {\displayst... |
Universal characteristic More recent projects Universal_characteristic > More recent projects Specifically, the members of the universal set of a Boolean algebra or group need not be numbers. Moreover, a fair bit of philosophy and theoretical science can be formalized as axiomatic theories embodying first-order logic a... |
Variable costs Summary Variable_costs Direct costs are costs that can easily be associated with a particular cost object. However, not all variable costs are direct costs. For example, variable manufacturing overhead costs are variable costs that are indirect costs, not direct costs. |
Fugacity Gas Fugacity > Pure substance > Gas At low temperatures, molecules are more likely to stick together instead of rebounding elastically.The ideal gas law can still be used to describe the behavior of a real gas if the pressure is replaced by a fugacity f, defined so that and That is, at low pressures f is the s... |
Energy Resources Aotearoa Climate change Energy_Resources_Aotearoa > Climate change Energy Resources Aotearoa says it supports the transition to lower emissions.As PEPANZ, the organisation was criticised for advocating increased use of fossil fuels, such as oil and natural gas. |
Exponential map (Lie theory) Definitions Exponential_map_(Lie_theory) > Definitions Let G {\displaystyle G} be a Lie group and g {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {g}}} be its Lie algebra (thought of as the tangent space to the identity element of G {\displaystyle G} ). The exponential map is a map exp: g → G {\displaystyle \e... |
Ozone destruction Rowland–Molina hypothesis Ozone_depleting > Research history > Rowland–Molina hypothesis In response the United States, Canada and Norway banned the use of CFCs in aerosol spray cans in 1978. Early estimates were that, if CFC production continued at 1977 levels, the total atmospheric ozone would after... |
Categorical variable Number of possible values Categorical_data > Number of possible values Because of their importance, these variables are often considered a separate category, with a separate distribution (the Bernoulli distribution) and separate regression models (logistic regression, probit regression, etc.). As a... |
Sink (computing) In stream processing Sink_(computing) > In stream processing In several computer programs employing streams, such as GStreamer, PulseAudio, or PipeWire, a source is the starting point of a pipeline which produces a stream but does not consume any, while a sink is the end point which accepts a stream wi... |
Linear algebraic group Lie groups Linear_algebraic_group > Related notions > Lie groups For a linear algebraic group G over the real numbers R, the group of real points G(R) is a Lie group, essentially because real polynomials, which describe the multiplication on G, are smooth functions. Likewise, for a linear algebra... |
APL programming language Pick 6 lottery numbers Dyalog_APL > Language characteristics > Examples > Pick 6 lottery numbers This following immediate-mode expression generates a typical set of Pick 6 lottery numbers: six pseudo-random integers ranging from 1 to 40, guaranteed non-repeating, and displays them sorted in asc... |
Labor process theory Summary Labor_process_theory In Labor and Monopoly Capital: Degradation of Work in the Twentieth Century, Braverman seeks to retrieve and update Marx's critiques of the capitalist labour process through an attack upon bourgeois accounts of work in the industrial society. Although Braverman's primar... |
Group dynamics Group structure Group_dynamics > Intragroup dynamics > Group structure Norms are said to be emergent, as they develop gradually throughout interactions between group members. While many norms are widespread throughout society, groups may develop their own norms that members must learn when they join the ... |
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Signaling pathways Electronic_energy_transfer > Applications > Signaling pathways Another use for FRET is in the study of metabolic or signaling pathways. For example, FRET and BRET have been used in various experiments to characterize G-protein coupled receptor activation and con... |
Inner model theory Examples Inner_model_theory > Examples The class of all sets is an inner model containing all other inner models. The first non-trivial example of an inner model was the constructible universe L developed by Kurt Gödel. Every model M of ZF has an inner model LM satisfying the axiom of constructibilit... |
OS kernel Monolithic kernels vs. microkernels Kernel_image > Kernel-wide design approaches > Monolithic kernels vs. microkernels By the early 1990s, due to the various shortcomings of monolithic kernels versus microkernels, monolithic kernels were considered obsolete by virtually all operating system researchers. As a ... |
Axolotl Threats Axolotl > Threats This lack of genetic diversity can be dangerous for the remaining population, causing an increase in inbreeding and a decrease in general fitness and adaptive potential. It ultimately raises the axolotl’s risk for extinction, something that they are already in danger of. Studies have f... |
Condenser (heat transfer) Direct-contact Condenser_(heat_transfer) > Examples of condensers > Direct-contact In a direct-contact condenser, hot vapor and cool liquid are introduced into a vessel and allowed to mix directly, rather than being separated by a barrier such as the wall of a heat exchanger tube. The vapor gi... |
Solid-state engine Applications Johnson_thermoelectric_energy_converter > Applications The scalability of the engine leads its developers to claim that its potential applications range from providing power for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) to functioning as large-scale power plants. The converter can use many d... |
Physics of roller coasters Inertia and gravity Physics_of_roller_coasters > Inertia and gravity When going around a roller coaster's vertical loop, the inertia that produces a thrilling acceleration force also keeps passengers in their seats. As the car approaches a loop, the direction of a passenger's inertial velocit... |
T test The two-sample t-test is a special case of simple linear regression Student's_t_test > Related statistical tests > The two-sample t-test is a special case of simple linear regression The difference in word.recall between drug doses is significant (p=0.00805).Perform a linear regression of the same data. Calculat... |
Concentrating solar thermal Current technology Concentrating_solar > Current technology CSP is used to produce electricity (sometimes called solar thermoelectricity, usually generated through steam). Concentrated-solar technology systems use mirrors or lenses with tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight onto... |
Duodenum Ulceration Duodenum > Clinical significance > Ulceration Ulcers of the duodenum commonly occur because of infection by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori. These bacteria, through a number of mechanisms, erode the protective mucosa of the duodenum, predisposing it to damage from gastric acids. The first part of t... |
Recursive type Recursive type synonyms Recursive_type > Recursive type synonyms (Type synonyms are not "real" types; they are just "aliases" for convenience of the programmer.) But if this is attempted with a recursive type, it will loop infinitely because no matter how many times the alias is substituted, it still ref... |
Inverse element Examples One-sided_inverse > Generalizations > Examples All examples in this section involve associative operators. |
Failure modes, effects and criticality analysis Maintainability analysis Failure_Mode,_Effects,_and_Criticality_Analysis > Methodology > Maintainability analysis FMECA usually feeds into both Maintainability Analysis and Logistics Support Analysis, which both require data from the FMECA. FMECA is the most popular tool ... |
Tactile sensor Uses Tactile_sensor > Uses Tactile sensors can be used to test the performance of all types of applications. For example, these sensors have been used in the manufacturing of automobiles (brakes, clutches, door seals, gasket), battery lamination, bolted joints, fuel cells etc. Tactile imaging, as a medic... |
Infrared window Summary Infrared_window . ." Nowadays, accurate line-by-line computations are possible, and careful studies of the spectroscopy of infrared atmospheric gases have been published. |
BASIC interpreter Compilers vs. interpreters BASIC_interpreter > Compilers vs. interpreters Computers of the era had very small amounts of memory; in modern terms a typical mainframe might have on the order of 64 KB. On a timesharing system, the case for most 1960s BASICs, that memory was shared among many users. In or... |
Quantum Computer Engineering Quantum_processor > Engineering As of 2023, classical computers outperform quantum computers for all real-world applications. While current quantum computers may speed up solutions to particular mathematical problems, they give no computational advantage for practical tasks. For many tasks ... |
Lipoprotein-X Literature Lipoprotein-X > Literature Sörös P, Böttcher J, Maschek H, Selberg O, Müller MJ (November 1998). "Lipoprotein-X in patients with cirrhosis: its relationship to cholestasis and hypercholesterolemia". Hepatology. |
CRISPR-Display Recruitment of endogenous or engineered RNA binding proteins for gene regulation CRISPR-Display > Applications > Artificial ncRNA functionalization > Recruitment of endogenous or engineered RNA binding proteins for gene regulation Endogenous proteins known to bind a specific RNA motif can be recruited to... |
Scoring functions for docking Prerequisites Scoring_functions_for_docking > Prerequisites Scoring functions are normally parameterized (or trained) against a data set consisting of experimentally determined binding affinities between molecular species similar to the species that one wishes to predict. For currently use... |
Pioneer factor Histone modification Pioneer_factor > Epigenetic effects > Histone modification FoxD3 has been associated as a repressor of both B-cell and melanocytic cell differentiation pathways, maintaining repressive histone modifications where bound, that have to be overcome to start differentiation. Pioneer facto... |
Pullback (cohomology) Summary Pullback_(cohomology) In algebraic topology, given a continuous map f: X → Y of topological spaces and a ring R, the pullback along f on cohomology theory is a grade-preserving R-algebra homomorphism: f ∗: H ∗ ( Y ; R ) → H ∗ ( X ; R ) {\displaystyle f^{*}:H^{*}(Y;R)\to H^{*}(X;R)} from th... |
Usability requirements Corporate integration Usability > Benefits > Corporate integration There are numerous reasons why each of these factors correlates to overall improvement. For example, making software user interfaces easier to understand reduces the need for extensive training. The improved interface tends to low... |
Trucker hat Summary Trucker_hat A trucker hat, mesh cap or netback cap is a type of baseball cap. It is also sometimes known as a "gimme cap" or a "feed cap" because this style of hat originated during the 1970s as a promotional give-away from U.S. feed or farming supply companies to farmers, truck drivers, or other r... |
Protect IP Act Civil liberties issues Protect_IP_Act > Reception > Civil liberties issues Requiring search engines to remove links to an entire website altogether due to an infringing page would raise free speech concerns regarding lawful content hosted elsewhere on the site.Google chairman Eric Schmidt stated that the... |
Abraham Neyman Repeated games Abraham_Neyman > Research contributions > Repeated games His paper was followed by many others who started working on bounded memory games. Most notable was Neyman's M.Sc. student Elchanan Ben-Porath who was the first to shed light on the strategic value of bounded complexity.The two main ... |
Inner moon Summary Inner_moon In astronomy, an inner moon or inner natural satellite is a natural satellite following a prograde, low-inclination orbit inwards of the large satellites of the parent planet. They are generally thought to have been formed in situ at the same time as the coalescence of the original planet.... |
Automedian triangle Additional properties Automedian_triangle > Additional properties Because in a primitive automedian triangle side a {\displaystyle a} is the sum of two squares and equal to the hypotenuse of the generating primitive Pythagorean triple, it is divisible only by primes congruent to 1 (mod 4). Consequen... |
Ced-3 Mechanism Ced-3 > Mechanism Prior to this, apoptosis must be triggered by the increased gene expression of another protein known as the "death receptor", called EGL-1 protein. EGL-1 will then bind to and inhibit ced-9 which is an inhibitor caspase that recognizes and binds to ced-4 so that it can no longer activa... |
Convolution operator Relations with other transforms Convolution_operator > Definition > Relations with other transforms The existing ones are only modified (amplitude and/or phase). In other words, the output transform is the pointwise product of the input transform with a third transform (known as a transfer function... |
Categories (Aristotle) The praedicamenta Categories_(Aristotle) > The text > The praedicamenta It is of great importance in the development of mathematical ideas in the medieval and late Scholastic period. Examples: two cubits long, number, space, (length of) time. Qualification or quality (ποιόν, poion, of what kind o... |
Hartree atomic units Defining constants Atomic_units_system > Defining constants By definition, each of the following four fundamental physical constants is expressed as the numeric value 1 multiplied by a coherent unit of this system: |
Point groups in four dimensions Hexadecachoric symmetry Point_groups_in_four_dimensions > Notation for groups > Hexadecachoric symmetry A snub cubic pyramid can have this symmetry, with Schläfli symbol: ( ) ∨ sr{4,3}. Another high-index reflective subgroup is the prismatic tetrahedral symmetry, , (), order 48, subgroup... |
Transition metal catalyst Coloured compounds Transition_element > Characteristic properties > Coloured compounds Colour in transition-series metal compounds is generally due to electronic transitions of two principal types. charge transfer transitions. An electron may jump from a predominantly ligand orbital to a predo... |
Term graph Summary Term_graph A term graph is a representation of an expression in a formal language as a generalized graph whose vertices are terms. Term graphs are a more powerful form of representation than expression trees because they can represent not only common subexpressions (i.e. they can take the structure o... |
Knudsen diffusion Mathematical description Knudsen_diffusion > Mathematical description The diffusive flux is driven by a concentration gradient, which in most cases is embodied as a pressure gradient (i.e. n = P / R T {\displaystyle n=P/RT} therefore ∇ n = Δ P R T l {\displaystyle \nabla n={\frac {\Delta P}{RTl}}} whe... |
Catalysis Enzymes and biocatalysts Promoter_(catalysis) > Homogeneous catalysis > Enzymes and biocatalysts In biology, enzymes are protein-based catalysts in metabolism and catabolism. Most biocatalysts are enzymes, but other non-protein-based classes of biomolecules also exhibit catalytic properties including ribozyme... |
Active load Circuit design Dynamic_load > Circuit design In circuit design, an active load is a circuit component made up of active devices, such as transistors, intended to present a high small-signal impedance yet not requiring a large DC voltage drop, as would occur if a large resistor were used instead. Such large ... |
Variable Valve Control About Variable_Valve_Control > About The system has the advantage that it is continuously variable rather than switching in at a set speed. Its disadvantage is the complexity of the system and corresponding price. Other systems will achieve similar results with less cost and simpler design (elect... |
Telematic control unit Summary Telematic_control_unit In the automotive domain, a TCU can also be a transmission control unit. A TCU consists of: a satellite navigation (GNSS) unit, which keeps track of the latitude and longitude values of the vehicle; an external interface for mobile communication (GSM, GPRS, Wi-Fi, W... |
Probabilistic cellular automata PCA as Markov stochastic processes Stochastic_cellular_automata > PCA as Markov stochastic processes As discrete-time Markov process, PCA are defined on a product space E = ∏ k ∈ G S k {\displaystyle E=\prod _{k\in G}S_{k}} (cartesian product) where G {\displaystyle G} is a finite or inf... |
Social communication Barriers to effective communication Social_communication > Communicative competence > Barriers to effective communication Barriers to effective communication can distort the message. This may result in failed communication and cause undesirable effects. Potential sources of distortion include filte... |
Wood screw Tools Wood_screw > Tools The hand tool used to drive in most screws is called a screwdriver. A power tool that does the same job is a power screwdriver; power drills may also be used with screw-driving attachments. Where the holding power of the screwed joint is critical, torque-measuring and torque-limiting... |
Plasma renin activity Results and explanations Plasma_renin_activity > Measurement and Values > Results and explanations Please go through the physiology of renin and of the renin–angiotensin system to understand why the following occur. Higher-than-normal levels may indicate: Lower-than-normal levels may indicate: |
Scalar wave Other kinds of fields Scalar_fields > Other kinds of fields Vector fields, which associate a vector to every point in space. Some examples of vector fields include the electromagnetic field and air flow (wind) in meteorology. Tensor fields, which associate a tensor to every point in space. |
Giant multinucleated cell Risk of transmission Epidemiology_of_tuberculosis > Causes > Transmission > Risk of transmission People with prolonged, frequent, or close contact with people with TB are at particularly high risk of becoming infected, with an estimated 22% infection rate. A person with active but untreated tu... |
Table (furniture) Summary Table_(furniture) Common design elements include: Top surfaces of various shapes, including rectangular, square, rounded, semi-circular or oval Legs arranged in two or more similar pairs. It usually has four legs. However, some tables have three legs, use a single heavy pedestal, or are attach... |
Scientific modelling Summary Scientific_modelling Scientific modelling is an activity that produces models representing empirical objects, phenomena, and physical processes, to make a particular part or feature of the world easier to understand, define, quantify, visualize, or simulate. It requires selecting and identi... |
Lorentz boosts History Lorentz_transform > History Many physicists—including Woldemar Voigt, George FitzGerald, Joseph Larmor, and Hendrik Lorentz himself—had been discussing the physics implied by these equations since 1887. Early in 1889, Oliver Heaviside had shown from Maxwell's equations that the electric field sur... |
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