paragraph_index
int64
sec
string
p_has_citation
int64
cites
string
citeids
list
pmid
int64
cited_id
string
sentences
string
all_sent_cites
list
sent_len
int64
sentence_batch_index
int64
sent_has_citation
float64
qc_fail
bool
cited_sentence
string
cites_in_sentence
list
cln_sentence
string
is_cap
bool
is_alpha
bool
ends_wp
bool
cit_qc
bool
lgtm
bool
__index_level_0__
int64
10
DISCUSSION
1
11
[ "R11" ]
19,672,332
pmid-18980509
Regarding the relationship between subgingival deposits and the surrounding soft tissues, a recent endoscopical publication has interestingly described a pathological connection.
[ "11" ]
178
38,716
0
false
Regarding the relationship between subgingival deposits and the surrounding soft tissues, a recent endoscopical publication has interestingly described a pathological connection.
[]
Regarding the relationship between subgingival deposits and the surrounding soft tissues, a recent endoscopical publication has interestingly described a pathological connection.
true
true
true
true
true
6,659
10
DISCUSSION
1
11
[ "R11" ]
19,672,332
pmid-18980509
In that study, both calculus and biofilm were in fact directly related to pocket wall inflammation as measured by increased redness of the pocket epithelium [11].
[ "11" ]
162
38,717
1
false
In that study, both calculus and biofilm were in fact directly related to pocket wall inflammation as measured by increased redness of the pocket epithelium.
[ "11" ]
In that study, both calculus and biofilm were in fact directly related to pocket wall inflammation as measured by increased redness of the pocket epithelium.
true
true
true
true
true
6,659
11
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
19,672,332
null
Our findings disclose that a linear association between BOP and the presence of subgingival deposits is not particularly strong for each examined sites, anyway the data show how the amount of subgingival deposits rise with the incidence of BOP (Table 2).
null
254
38,718
0
false
null
null
Our findings disclose that a linear association between BOP and the presence of subgingival deposits is not particularly strong for each examined sites, anyway the data show how the amount of subgingival deposits rise with the incidence of BOP (Table 2).
true
true
true
true
true
6,660
11
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
19,672,332
null
Relative Risk analysis further demonstrates that the incidence of BOP could be up to 6 times with calculus and up to 8 times with plaque (Table 4).
null
147
38,719
0
false
null
null
Relative Risk analysis further demonstrates that the incidence of BOP could be up to 6 times with calculus and up to 8 times with plaque (Table 4).
true
true
true
true
true
6,660
12
DISCUSSION
1
14
[ "R14", "R16" ]
19,672,332
pmid-3550036|pmid-7014822
The present research shows a linear association between the increase in quantity of subgingival deposits and increase of PPD (Table 3), a result in accordance with previous findings [14-16].
[ "14", "16" ]
190
38,720
0
false
The present research shows a linear association between the increase in quantity of subgingival deposits and increase of PPD (Table 3), a result in accordance with previous findings.
[ "14-16" ]
The present research shows a linear association between the increase in quantity of subgingival deposits and increase of PPD (Table 3), a result in accordance with previous findings.
true
true
true
true
true
6,661
12
DISCUSSION
1
14
[ "R14", "R16" ]
19,672,332
pmid-3550036|pmid-7014822
The disto-vestibular site was the only area where it was not possible to observe a linear association between subgingival deposits and PPD.
[ "14", "16" ]
139
38,721
0
false
The disto-vestibular site was the only area where it was not possible to observe a linear association between subgingival deposits and PPD.
[]
The disto-vestibular site was the only area where it was not possible to observe a linear association between subgingival deposits and PPD.
true
true
true
true
true
6,661
12
DISCUSSION
1
14
[ "R14", "R16" ]
19,672,332
pmid-3550036|pmid-7014822
The anatomical features of this area, that undeniably limit the endoscope handling, could be the reason of this finding.
[ "14", "16" ]
120
38,722
0
false
The anatomical features of this area, that undeniably limit the endoscope handling, could be the reason of this finding.
[]
The anatomical features of this area, that undeniably limit the endoscope handling, could be the reason of this finding.
true
true
true
true
true
6,661
12
DISCUSSION
1
14
[ "R14", "R16" ]
19,672,332
pmid-3550036|pmid-7014822
In spite of its flexibility, the fiber of the endoscope finds few limitations in anatomical conditions like fairly small mouths and distal portion of the molar teeth.
[ "14", "16" ]
166
38,723
0
false
In spite of its flexibility, the fiber of the endoscope finds few limitations in anatomical conditions like fairly small mouths and distal portion of the molar teeth.
[]
In spite of its flexibility, the fiber of the endoscope finds few limitations in anatomical conditions like fairly small mouths and distal portion of the molar teeth.
true
true
true
true
true
6,661
12
DISCUSSION
1
14
[ "R14", "R16" ]
19,672,332
pmid-3550036|pmid-7014822
This hypothesis is supported by the observation that among the other sites studied is the disto-lingual, the one with the lower significance (Table 3).
[ "14", "16" ]
151
38,724
0
false
This hypothesis is supported by the observation that among the other sites studied is the disto-lingual, the one with the lower significance (Table 3).
[]
This hypothesis is supported by the observation that among the other sites studied is the disto-lingual, the one with the lower significance (Table 3).
true
true
true
true
true
6,661
13
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
19,672,332
null
Overall, it is possible to conclude that, when BOP is present especially in deep periodontal pockets after an adequate non-surgical therapy, a higher probability of residual deposits can be assumed.
null
198
38,725
0
false
null
null
Overall, it is possible to conclude that, when BOP is present especially in deep periodontal pockets after an adequate non-surgical therapy, a higher probability of residual deposits can be assumed.
true
true
true
true
true
6,662
14
DISCUSSION
1
21
[ "R21" ]
19,672,332
pmid-2179516
Bleeding on probing was found to have high levels of specificity of residual deposits but low sensitivity values.
[ "21" ]
113
38,726
0
false
Bleeding on probing was found to have high levels of specificity of residual deposits but low sensitivity values.
[]
Bleeding on probing was found to have high levels of specificity of residual deposits but low sensitivity values.
true
true
true
true
true
6,663
14
DISCUSSION
1
21
[ "R21" ]
19,672,332
pmid-2179516
These findings are in accordance with those reported by Sherman et al in 1990 on subgingival calculus [21].
[ "21" ]
107
38,727
1
false
These findings are in accordance with those reported by Sherman et al in 1990 on subgingival calculus.
[ "21" ]
These findings are in accordance with those reported by Sherman et al in 1990 on subgingival calculus.
true
true
true
true
true
6,663
15
DISCUSSION
1
22
[ "R22", "R23" ]
19,672,332
pmid-2179515|pmid-3283319
The BOP’s sensitivity interestingly changes if the classes either of EBI or ECI are considered singularly.
[ "22", "23" ]
106
38,728
0
false
The BOP’s sensitivity interestingly changes if the classes either of EBI or ECI are considered singularly.
[]
The BOP’s sensitivity interestingly changes if the classes either of EBI or ECI are considered singularly.
true
true
true
true
true
6,664
15
DISCUSSION
1
22
[ "R22", "R23" ]
19,672,332
pmid-2179515|pmid-3283319
As reported on Table 5, the sensitivity values increase with the index classes.
[ "22", "23" ]
79
38,729
0
false
As reported on Table 5, the sensitivity values increase with the index classes.
[]
As reported on Table 5, the sensitivity values increase with the index classes.
true
true
true
true
true
6,664
15
DISCUSSION
1
22
[ "R22", "R23" ]
19,672,332
pmid-2179515|pmid-3283319
This observation confirms the previous statements of a possible level of periodontal soft tissues tolerance of subgingival calculus [22, 23].
[ "22", "23" ]
141
38,730
0
false
This observation confirms the previous statements of a possible level of periodontal soft tissues tolerance of subgingival calculus.
[ "22, 23" ]
This observation confirms the previous statements of a possible level of periodontal soft tissues tolerance of subgingival calculus.
true
true
true
true
true
6,664
15
DISCUSSION
1
22
[ "R22", "R23" ]
19,672,332
pmid-2179515|pmid-3283319
At the same time, it is possible to deduce that the presence of bleeding upon probing could be a quite good indicator of important amounts of residual deposits in the subgingival area.
[ "22", "23" ]
184
38,731
0
false
At the same time, it is possible to deduce that the presence of bleeding upon probing could be a quite good indicator of important amounts of residual deposits in the subgingival area.
[]
At the same time, it is possible to deduce that the presence of bleeding upon probing could be a quite good indicator of important amounts of residual deposits in the subgingival area.
true
true
true
true
true
6,664
16
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
19,672,332
null
These results show that either soft or hard deposits are associated to the presence of BOP underlining their insight virulence.
null
127
38,732
0
false
null
null
These results show that either soft or hard deposits are associated to the presence of BOP underlining their insight virulence.
true
true
true
true
true
6,665
17
DISCUSSION
1
24
[ "R24", "R25" ]
19,672,332
pmid-3476716|pmid-3263398
However, further studies are recommended to determine if the present observations are true for a larger number of periodontal patients, since the sites within a mouth behave more alike than surfaces from different mouths [24, 25].
[ "24", "25" ]
230
38,733
0
false
However, further studies are recommended to determine if the present observations are true for a larger number of periodontal patients, since the sites within a mouth behave more alike than surfaces from different mouths.
[ "24, 25" ]
However, further studies are recommended to determine if the present observations are true for a larger number of periodontal patients, since the sites within a mouth behave more alike than surfaces from different mouths.
true
true
true
true
true
6,666
18
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
19,672,332
null
Finally, the results of this study suggest that the measurements obtained using the endoscope should be considered reliable in better predicting the disease establishment and progression, therefore, future studies investigating this hypothesis are required.
null
257
38,734
0
false
null
null
Finally, the results of this study suggest that the measurements obtained using the endoscope should be considered reliable in better predicting the disease establishment and progression, therefore, future studies investigating this hypothesis are required.
true
true
true
true
true
6,667
0
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
In this study, we used an adoptive transfer system to examine the capacity of IFN-γ–IFN-γR interactions to determine the sites of inflammation within the CNS.
null
158
38,735
0
false
null
null
In this study, we used an adoptive transfer system to examine the capacity of IFN-γ–IFN-γR interactions to determine the sites of inflammation within the CNS.
true
true
true
true
true
6,668
0
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
IFN-γ–expressing WT Th1 cells were found to initiate similar lesions in IFN-γR–null hosts as IFN-γ–null cells in WT hosts.
null
122
38,736
0
false
null
null
IFN-γ–expressing WT Th1 cells were found to initiate similar lesions in IFN-γR–null hosts as IFN-γ–null cells in WT hosts.
true
true
true
true
true
6,668
0
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
These data suggested that IFN-γ produced by the effector T cell population was selectively antiinflammatory in the cerebellum and brainstem.
null
140
38,737
0
false
null
null
These data suggested that IFN-γ produced by the effector T cell population was selectively antiinflammatory in the cerebellum and brainstem.
true
true
true
true
true
6,668
0
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
In the same mice, IFN-γ–IFN-γR interactions were necessary for inflammatory infiltration of the spinal cord.
null
108
38,738
0
false
null
null
In the same mice, IFN-γ–IFN-γR interactions were necessary for inflammatory infiltration of the spinal cord.
true
true
true
true
true
6,668
0
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
Together, these data demonstrate discrete regional responses to IFN-γ during neuroinflammation and suggest that these responses can shape the clinical manifestation of CNS autoimmunity.
null
185
38,739
0
false
null
null
Together, these data demonstrate discrete regional responses to IFN-γ during neuroinflammation and suggest that these responses can shape the clinical manifestation of CNS autoimmunity.
true
true
true
true
true
6,668
1
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
The experiments reported here reveal that the previously reported effects on EAE clinical outcome associated with IFN-γ deficiency are linked to two discrete functions of IFN-γ in EAE induction.
null
194
38,740
0
false
null
null
The experiments reported here reveal that the previously reported effects on EAE clinical outcome associated with IFN-γ deficiency are linked to two discrete functions of IFN-γ in EAE induction.
true
true
true
true
true
6,669
1
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
First, recognition of pathogenic T cell–produced IFN-γ is necessary to prevent inflammation of the cerebellum and brain stem.
null
125
38,741
0
false
null
null
First, recognition of pathogenic T cell–produced IFN-γ is necessary to prevent inflammation of the cerebellum and brain stem.
true
true
true
true
true
6,669
1
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
Adoptively transferred pathogenic Th1 cells appear to possess the necessary components for invasion of the cerebellum and brain stem as, in the absence of a host response to IFN-γ, these cells are fully capable of infiltrating and initiating cerebellar disease.
null
261
38,742
0
false
null
null
Adoptively transferred pathogenic Th1 cells appear to possess the necessary components for invasion of the cerebellum and brain stem as, in the absence of a host response to IFN-γ, these cells are fully capable of infiltrating and initiating cerebellar disease.
true
true
true
true
true
6,669
1
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
However, under ordinary circumstances the IFN-γ produced by the encephalitogenic cells is sufficient to prevent entry of the same cells into the cerebellum and brainstem.
null
170
38,743
0
false
null
null
However, under ordinary circumstances the IFN-γ produced by the encephalitogenic cells is sufficient to prevent entry of the same cells into the cerebellum and brainstem.
true
true
true
true
true
6,669
1
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
As such, IFN-γ–mediated protection of the cerebellum and brain stem represents an active process, acting under ordinary circumstances to prevent cerebellar inflammation.
null
169
38,744
0
false
null
null
As such, IFN-γ–mediated protection of the cerebellum and brain stem represents an active process, acting under ordinary circumstances to prevent cerebellar inflammation.
true
true
true
true
true
6,669
1
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
Second, recognition of encephalitogenic T cell–produced IFN-γ is required for the induction of inflammation within the spinal cord.
null
131
38,745
0
false
null
null
Second, recognition of encephalitogenic T cell–produced IFN-γ is required for the induction of inflammation within the spinal cord.
true
true
true
true
true
6,669
1
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
That is, in the absence of an IFN-γ signal, adoptively transferred cells are not capable of initiating spinal cord inflammation.
null
128
38,746
0
false
null
null
That is, in the absence of an IFN-γ signal, adoptively transferred cells are not capable of initiating spinal cord inflammation.
true
true
true
true
true
6,669
1
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
Interestingly, some mice showed symptoms of paralysis in the absence of measurable spinal cord infiltration.
null
108
38,747
0
false
null
null
Interestingly, some mice showed symptoms of paralysis in the absence of measurable spinal cord infiltration.
true
true
true
true
true
6,669
1
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
Unlike the ascending paralysis observed in classical EAE, the limb dysfunction that occurred in mice with the atypical clinical course was not necessarily caudal to rostral, as mice could demonstrate hind- and/or forelimb weakness and/or dystonia in the absence of tail involvement.
null
282
38,748
0
false
null
null
Unlike the ascending paralysis observed in classical EAE, the limb dysfunction that occurred in mice with the atypical clinical course was not necessarily caudal to rostral, as mice could demonstrate hind- and/or forelimb weakness and/or dystonia in the absence of tail involvement.
true
true
true
true
true
6,669
1
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
These findings suggest that the observed dystonia is induced by either inflammatory lesions within the spinal cord too small to be detected using standard histological techniques or, more likely, is induced by lesions within the cerebellum and/or brain stem.
null
258
38,749
0
false
null
null
These findings suggest that the observed dystonia is induced by either inflammatory lesions within the spinal cord too small to be detected using standard histological techniques or, more likely, is induced by lesions within the cerebellum and/or brain stem.
true
true
true
true
true
6,669
1
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
Together, these data reveal that encephalitogenic effector T cell cytokine production and concomitant host recognition of the cytokine plays a vital role in localizing the lesions associated with classical EAE.
null
210
38,750
0
false
null
null
Together, these data reveal that encephalitogenic effector T cell cytokine production and concomitant host recognition of the cytokine plays a vital role in localizing the lesions associated with classical EAE.
true
true
true
true
true
6,669
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "bib6", "bib19", "bib10", "bib20", "bib21", "bib6", "bib7", "bib22", "bib24", "bib7", "bib12" ]
18,852,291
pmid-10963365|pmid-9121118|pmid-7684116|pmid-6610460|pmid-7680933|pmid-10963365|pmid-15509523|pmid-7737302|pmid-8598487|pmid-15509523|pmid-15661899
Previous reports suggested that differences in cell localization followed from recognition of distinct antigens (6, 19).
[ "6", "19", "10", "20", "21", "6", "7", "22", "24", "7", "12" ]
120
38,751
0
false
Previous reports suggested that differences in cell localization followed from recognition of distinct antigens.
[ "6, 19" ]
Previous reports suggested that differences in cell localization followed from recognition of distinct antigens.
true
true
true
true
true
6,670
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "bib6", "bib19", "bib10", "bib20", "bib21", "bib6", "bib7", "bib22", "bib24", "bib7", "bib12" ]
18,852,291
pmid-10963365|pmid-9121118|pmid-7684116|pmid-6610460|pmid-7680933|pmid-10963365|pmid-15509523|pmid-7737302|pmid-8598487|pmid-15509523|pmid-15661899
Alternatively, it has been suggested that differences in cellular localization reflected anatomical differences in the capacity to support T cell invasion through breakdown of the blood–brain barrier (10, 20, 21).
[ "6", "19", "10", "20", "21", "6", "7", "22", "24", "7", "12" ]
213
38,752
0
false
Alternatively, it has been suggested that differences in cellular localization reflected anatomical differences in the capacity to support T cell invasion through breakdown of the blood–brain barrier.
[ "10, 20, 21" ]
Alternatively, it has been suggested that differences in cellular localization reflected anatomical differences in the capacity to support T cell invasion through breakdown of the blood–brain barrier.
true
true
true
true
true
6,670
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "bib6", "bib19", "bib10", "bib20", "bib21", "bib6", "bib7", "bib22", "bib24", "bib7", "bib12" ]
18,852,291
pmid-10963365|pmid-9121118|pmid-7684116|pmid-6610460|pmid-7680933|pmid-10963365|pmid-15509523|pmid-7737302|pmid-8598487|pmid-15509523|pmid-15661899
Several groups previously demonstrated the induction of atypical axial-rotary disease in a variety of EAE models, and particularly within IFN-γ–deficient mice (6, 7, 22–24).
[ "6", "19", "10", "20", "21", "6", "7", "22", "24", "7", "12" ]
173
38,753
0
false
Several groups previously demonstrated the induction of atypical axial-rotary disease in a variety of EAE models, and particularly within IFN-γ–deficient mice.
[ "6, 7, 22–24" ]
Several groups previously demonstrated the induction of atypical axial-rotary disease in a variety of EAE models, and particularly within IFN-γ–deficient mice.
true
true
true
true
true
6,670
2
DISCUSSION
1
7
[ "bib6", "bib19", "bib10", "bib20", "bib21", "bib6", "bib7", "bib22", "bib24", "bib7", "bib12" ]
18,852,291
pmid-10963365|pmid-9121118|pmid-7684116|pmid-6610460|pmid-7680933|pmid-10963365|pmid-15509523|pmid-7737302|pmid-8598487|pmid-15509523|pmid-15661899
Reports suggested that the nature of the disease in IFN-γ–deficient systems reflected biased selection of the T cell repertoire, either through direct manipulation of the T cells themselves or by influencing the range of antigens presented to T cells during initiation of the immune response (7).
[ "6", "19", "10", "20", "21", "6", "7", "22", "24", "7", "12" ]
296
38,754
1
false
Reports suggested that the nature of the disease in IFN-γ–deficient systems reflected biased selection of the T cell repertoire, either through direct manipulation of the T cells themselves or by influencing the range of antigens presented to T cells during initiation of the immune response.
[ "7" ]
Reports suggested that the nature of the disease in IFN-γ–deficient systems reflected biased selection of the T cell repertoire, either through direct manipulation of the T cells themselves or by influencing the range of antigens presented to T cells during initiation of the immune response.
true
true
true
true
true
6,670
2
DISCUSSION
1
12
[ "bib6", "bib19", "bib10", "bib20", "bib21", "bib6", "bib7", "bib22", "bib24", "bib7", "bib12" ]
18,852,291
pmid-10963365|pmid-9121118|pmid-7684116|pmid-6610460|pmid-7680933|pmid-10963365|pmid-15509523|pmid-7737302|pmid-8598487|pmid-15509523|pmid-15661899
However, another group used a TCR transgenic mouse incapable of mediating T cell receptor recombination to demonstrate that T cells with identical specificities were capable of inducing either classical or atypical EAE depending on the conditions under which the cells were generated (12).
[ "6", "19", "10", "20", "21", "6", "7", "22", "24", "7", "12" ]
289
38,755
1
false
However, another group used a TCR transgenic mouse incapable of mediating T cell receptor recombination to demonstrate that T cells with identical specificities were capable of inducing either classical or atypical EAE depending on the conditions under which the cells were generated.
[ "12" ]
However, another group used a TCR transgenic mouse incapable of mediating T cell receptor recombination to demonstrate that T cells with identical specificities were capable of inducing either classical or atypical EAE depending on the conditions under which the cells were generated.
true
true
true
true
true
6,670
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "bib6", "bib19", "bib10", "bib20", "bib21", "bib6", "bib7", "bib22", "bib24", "bib7", "bib12" ]
18,852,291
pmid-10963365|pmid-9121118|pmid-7684116|pmid-6610460|pmid-7680933|pmid-10963365|pmid-15509523|pmid-7737302|pmid-8598487|pmid-15509523|pmid-15661899
Although clearly demonstrating the capacity of a single TCR to initiate either atypical disease or classical EAE, the study did not determine if the difference in pathogenesis observed was a result of specific programs induced in the T cells themselves or if pathogenesis resulted from differential cytokine production a...
[ "6", "19", "10", "20", "21", "6", "7", "22", "24", "7", "12" ]
357
38,756
0
false
Although clearly demonstrating the capacity of a single TCR to initiate either atypical disease or classical EAE, the study did not determine if the difference in pathogenesis observed was a result of specific programs induced in the T cells themselves or if pathogenesis resulted from differential cytokine production a...
[]
Although clearly demonstrating the capacity of a single TCR to initiate either atypical disease or classical EAE, the study did not determine if the difference in pathogenesis observed was a result of specific programs induced in the T cells themselves or if pathogenesis resulted from differential cytokine production a...
true
true
true
true
true
6,670
3
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
In this study we demonstrate, using adoptive transfer of WT Th1 cells into IFN-γR–deficient mice, that localization of T cells to specific regions of the brain relies on IFN-γ–IFN-γR interactions during the invasion process.
null
224
38,757
0
false
null
null
In this study we demonstrate, using adoptive transfer of WT Th1 cells into IFN-γR–deficient mice, that localization of T cells to specific regions of the brain relies on IFN-γ–IFN-γR interactions during the invasion process.
true
true
true
true
true
6,671
3
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
A single T cell preparation is able to induce atypical and/or classical disease depending on whether cells within the host are capable of recognizing IFN-γ.
null
156
38,758
0
false
null
null
A single T cell preparation is able to induce atypical and/or classical disease depending on whether cells within the host are capable of recognizing IFN-γ.
true
true
true
true
true
6,671
3
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
Thus, regional differences in T cell invasion represent regional differences in cytokine responsiveness rather than any intrinsic differences in the individual initiating T cells.
null
179
38,759
0
false
null
null
Thus, regional differences in T cell invasion represent regional differences in cytokine responsiveness rather than any intrinsic differences in the individual initiating T cells.
true
true
true
true
true
6,671
4
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
The mixing experiments demonstrate that the capacity for IFN-γ expression in only 50% of initiating T cells is sufficient to drive both protection of the cerebellum and infiltration of the spinal cord.
null
201
38,760
0
false
null
null
The mixing experiments demonstrate that the capacity for IFN-γ expression in only 50% of initiating T cells is sufficient to drive both protection of the cerebellum and infiltration of the spinal cord.
true
true
true
true
true
6,672
4
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
Further, protective IFN-γ production required antigenic stimulation of invading Th1 cells.
null
90
38,761
0
false
null
null
Further, protective IFN-γ production required antigenic stimulation of invading Th1 cells.
true
true
true
true
true
6,672
4
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
This suggests that both protection effects and infiltration are initiated by host cell recognition of an IFN-γ signal produced by a portion of CNS antigen-specific invading cells.
null
179
38,762
0
false
null
null
This suggests that both protection effects and infiltration are initiated by host cell recognition of an IFN-γ signal produced by a portion of CNS antigen-specific invading cells.
true
true
true
true
true
6,672
4
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
Invading cells are not necessarily discriminated on an individual basis, rather the overall group makeup determines tissue receptiveness to invasion.
null
149
38,763
0
false
null
null
Invading cells are not necessarily discriminated on an individual basis, rather the overall group makeup determines tissue receptiveness to invasion.
true
true
true
true
true
6,672
5
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib17" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054
This finding is particularly intriguing in light of a recent study that suggested that IL-17/IFN-γ–producing tissue invasive cell ratios determine the localization of T cell invasion and lesion formation (17).
[ "17", "17" ]
209
38,764
1
false
This finding is particularly intriguing in light of a recent study that suggested that IL-17/IFN-γ–producing tissue invasive cell ratios determine the localization of T cell invasion and lesion formation.
[ "17" ]
This finding is particularly intriguing in light of a recent study that suggested that IL-17/IFN-γ–producing tissue invasive cell ratios determine the localization of T cell invasion and lesion formation.
true
true
true
true
true
6,673
5
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib17" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054
In contrast to the results demonstrated in the current study, Stromnes et al.
[ "17", "17" ]
77
38,765
0
false
In contrast to the results demonstrated in the current study, Stromnes et al.
[]
In contrast to the results demonstrated in the current study, Stromnes et al.
true
true
true
true
true
6,673
5
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib17" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054
(17) found that IL-23–treated MOG35-55 cells were capable of inducing atypical EAE in WT mice.
[ "17", "17" ]
94
38,766
1
false
found that IL-23–treated MOG35-55 cells were capable of inducing atypical EAE in WT mice.
[ "17" ]
found that IL-23–treated MOG35-55 cells were capable of inducing atypical EAE in WT mice.
false
true
true
true
false
6,673
5
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib17" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054
This capacity was linked to the change in the ratio of IL-17/IFN-γ T cell ratios as found in the CNS.
[ "17", "17" ]
101
38,767
0
false
This capacity was linked to the change in the ratio of IL-17/IFN-γ T cell ratios as found in the CNS.
[]
This capacity was linked to the change in the ratio of IL-17/IFN-γ T cell ratios as found in the CNS.
true
true
true
true
true
6,673
5
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib17" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054
Given the large number of IFN-γ–producing cells still found in our IL-23–treated pathogenic T cells, it is perhaps not surprising that we found no capacity for IL-23–treated cells to induce atypical EAE.
[ "17", "17" ]
203
38,768
0
false
Given the large number of IFN-γ–producing cells still found in our IL-23–treated pathogenic T cells, it is perhaps not surprising that we found no capacity for IL-23–treated cells to induce atypical EAE.
[]
Given the large number of IFN-γ–producing cells still found in our IL-23–treated pathogenic T cells, it is perhaps not surprising that we found no capacity for IL-23–treated cells to induce atypical EAE.
true
true
true
true
true
6,673
6
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib17", "bib17" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054
The data presented here clearly demonstrate that interruption of IFN-γ/IFN-γR signaling resulted in redistribution of lesions from the classical pattern of spinal cord to the cerebellum and brain stem.
[ "17", "17", "17" ]
201
38,769
0
false
The data presented here clearly demonstrate that interruption of IFN-γ/IFN-γR signaling resulted in redistribution of lesions from the classical pattern of spinal cord to the cerebellum and brain stem.
[]
The data presented here clearly demonstrate that interruption of IFN-γ/IFN-γR signaling resulted in redistribution of lesions from the classical pattern of spinal cord to the cerebellum and brain stem.
true
true
true
true
true
6,674
6
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib17", "bib17" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054
However, it remained possible that the disruption of IFN-γ/IFN-γR signaling lay upstream of a change in cytokine production capacity that resulted in the skewed IL-17/IFN-γ ratios reported by Stromnes et al.
[ "17", "17", "17" ]
207
38,770
0
false
However, it remained possible that the disruption of IFN-γ/IFN-γR signaling lay upstream of a change in cytokine production capacity that resulted in the skewed IL-17/IFN-γ ratios reported by Stromnes et al.
[]
However, it remained possible that the disruption of IFN-γ/IFN-γR signaling lay upstream of a change in cytokine production capacity that resulted in the skewed IL-17/IFN-γ ratios reported by Stromnes et al.
true
true
true
true
true
6,674
6
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib17", "bib17" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054
(17) Examination of cytokine production in WT pathogenic T cells after transfer into IFN-γR revealed almost no change in IL-17/IFN-γ ratio, demonstrating that in our system an increased IL-17/IFN-γ ratio is not required to induce atypical disease.
[ "17", "17", "17" ]
247
38,771
1
false
Examination of cytokine production in WT pathogenic T cells after transfer into IFN-γR revealed almost no change in IL-17/IFN-γ ratio, demonstrating that in our system an increased IL-17/IFN-γ ratio is not required to induce atypical disease.
[ "17" ]
Examination of cytokine production in WT pathogenic T cells after transfer into IFN-γR revealed almost no change in IL-17/IFN-γ ratio, demonstrating that in our system an increased IL-17/IFN-γ ratio is not required to induce atypical disease.
true
true
true
true
true
6,674
6
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib17", "bib17" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054
As such, although the demonstration that decreasing the fraction of IFN-γ–producing cells increases atypical disease is in accord with the recent observations of Stromnes et al.
[ "17", "17", "17" ]
177
38,772
0
false
As such, although the demonstration that decreasing the fraction of IFN-γ–producing cells increases atypical disease is in accord with the recent observations of Stromnes et al.
[]
As such, although the demonstration that decreasing the fraction of IFN-γ–producing cells increases atypical disease is in accord with the recent observations of Stromnes et al.
true
true
true
true
true
6,674
6
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib17", "bib17" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054
(17), the induction of atypical disease in IFN-γR–deficient mice given WT cells indicates a very different mechanism active in our system.
[ "17", "17", "17" ]
138
38,773
1
false
, the induction of atypical disease in IFN-γR–deficient mice given WT cells indicates a very different mechanism active in our system.
[ "17" ]
, the induction of atypical disease in IFN-γR–deficient mice given WT cells indicates a very different mechanism active in our system.
false
false
true
true
false
6,674
6
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib17", "bib17" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054
Although their results suggested that IL-17 was essential to the induction of atypical disease, the data shown by Stromnes et al.
[ "17", "17", "17" ]
129
38,774
0
false
Although their results suggested that IL-17 was essential to the induction of atypical disease, the data shown by Stromnes et al.
[]
Although their results suggested that IL-17 was essential to the induction of atypical disease, the data shown by Stromnes et al.
true
true
true
true
true
6,674
6
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib17", "bib17" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054|pmid-18278054
(17) could also support the finding that dilution of IFN-γ–producing pathogenic T cells with pathogenic cells incapable of producing IFN-γ results in atypical disease, as reported in this paper.
[ "17", "17", "17" ]
194
38,775
1
false
could also support the finding that dilution of IFN-γ–producing pathogenic T cells with pathogenic cells incapable of producing IFN-γ results in atypical disease, as reported in this paper.
[ "17" ]
could also support the finding that dilution of IFN-γ–producing pathogenic T cells with pathogenic cells incapable of producing IFN-γ results in atypical disease, as reported in this paper.
false
true
true
true
false
6,674
7
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib25", "bib26" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-17048276|pmid-16386239
Interestingly, Stromnes et al.
[ "17", "25", "26" ]
30
38,776
0
false
Interestingly, Stromnes et al.
[]
Interestingly, Stromnes et al.
true
true
true
true
true
6,675
7
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib25", "bib26" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-17048276|pmid-16386239
(17) found that administration of IL-17RA–Fc protein preferentially blocked atypical disease induction.
[ "17", "25", "26" ]
103
38,777
1
false
found that administration of IL-17RA–Fc protein preferentially blocked atypical disease induction.
[ "17" ]
found that administration of IL-17RA–Fc protein preferentially blocked atypical disease induction.
false
true
true
true
false
6,675
7
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib25", "bib26" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-17048276|pmid-16386239
Combined with the cerebellar recruitment of host IL-17–producing cells seen in atypical disease, these data suggest that IL-17 plays a vital role in atypical EAE.
[ "17", "25", "26" ]
162
38,778
0
false
Combined with the cerebellar recruitment of host IL-17–producing cells seen in atypical disease, these data suggest that IL-17 plays a vital role in atypical EAE.
[]
Combined with the cerebellar recruitment of host IL-17–producing cells seen in atypical disease, these data suggest that IL-17 plays a vital role in atypical EAE.
true
true
true
true
true
6,675
7
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib25", "bib26" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-17048276|pmid-16386239
However, these data do not demonstrate that IL-17 is responsible for lesion localization to the cerebellum and brainstem but only that the atypical disease process requires IL-17 at some time during the pathogenesis process.
[ "17", "25", "26" ]
224
38,779
0
false
However, these data do not demonstrate that IL-17 is responsible for lesion localization to the cerebellum and brainstem but only that the atypical disease process requires IL-17 at some time during the pathogenesis process.
[]
However, these data do not demonstrate that IL-17 is responsible for lesion localization to the cerebellum and brainstem but only that the atypical disease process requires IL-17 at some time during the pathogenesis process.
true
true
true
true
true
6,675
7
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib25", "bib26" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-17048276|pmid-16386239
Indeed, it is perhaps more surprising that administration of the IL-17RA–Fc protein had so little effect on classical EAE incidence and symptoms in this model, a finding that contrasts with studies that reported a profound effect of IL-17 blockade on classical EAE induction (25, 26), than that IL-17 is required to driv...
[ "17", "25", "26" ]
335
38,780
0
false
Indeed, it is perhaps more surprising that administration of the IL-17RA–Fc protein had so little effect on classical EAE incidence and symptoms in this model, a finding that contrasts with studies that reported a profound effect of IL-17 blockade on classical EAE induction, than that IL-17 is required to drive atypica...
[ "25, 26" ]
Indeed, it is perhaps more surprising that administration of the IL-17RA–Fc protein had so little effect on classical EAE incidence and symptoms in this model, a finding that contrasts with studies that reported a profound effect of IL-17 blockade on classical EAE induction, than that IL-17 is required to drive atypica...
true
true
true
true
true
6,675
7
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "bib17", "bib25", "bib26" ]
18,852,291
pmid-18278054|pmid-17048276|pmid-16386239
Although it remains possible that IL-17 production is required for lesion localization to the brain after immunization with MOG97–114, it is equally possible that the necessary role for IL-17 in pathogenesis within the brain occurs after site selection.
[ "17", "25", "26" ]
253
38,781
0
false
Although it remains possible that IL-17 production is required for lesion localization to the brain after immunization with MOG97–114, it is equally possible that the necessary role for IL-17 in pathogenesis within the brain occurs after site selection.
[]
Although it remains possible that IL-17 production is required for lesion localization to the brain after immunization with MOG97–114, it is equally possible that the necessary role for IL-17 in pathogenesis within the brain occurs after site selection.
true
true
true
true
true
6,675
8
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
The differences in cell trafficking presented in the cell mixing experiments illustrate the discrete nature of the pro- and antiinflammatory (protective) aspects of IFN-γR signaling.
null
182
38,782
0
false
null
null
The differences in cell trafficking presented in the cell mixing experiments illustrate the discrete nature of the pro- and antiinflammatory (protective) aspects of IFN-γR signaling.
true
true
true
true
true
6,676
8
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
Although initial experiments left open the possibility that spinal cord invasion and cerebellar invasion were mutually exclusive, the histological and clinical data from the cell mixing experiments and BM chimeras clearly demonstrate the capacity for these two inflammatory pathways to occur simultaneously.
null
307
38,783
0
false
null
null
Although initial experiments left open the possibility that spinal cord invasion and cerebellar invasion were mutually exclusive, the histological and clinical data from the cell mixing experiments and BM chimeras clearly demonstrate the capacity for these two inflammatory pathways to occur simultaneously.
true
true
true
true
true
6,676
8
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
Thus, the IFN-γ–meditated protection of the cerebellum and brain stem and inflammation of the spinal cord are separable events.
null
127
38,784
0
false
null
null
Thus, the IFN-γ–meditated protection of the cerebellum and brain stem and inflammation of the spinal cord are separable events.
true
true
true
true
true
6,676
9
DISCUSSION
1
27
[ "bib27", "bib28", "bib27" ]
18,852,291
pmid-10337920|pmid-10076928|pmid-10337920
The data presented here support previous studies that demonstrated differential responses to IFN-γ in discrete portions of the brain (27, 28).
[ "27", "28", "27" ]
142
38,785
0
false
The data presented here support previous studies that demonstrated differential responses to IFN-γ in discrete portions of the brain.
[ "27, 28" ]
The data presented here support previous studies that demonstrated differential responses to IFN-γ in discrete portions of the brain.
true
true
true
true
true
6,677
9
DISCUSSION
1
27
[ "bib27", "bib28", "bib27" ]
18,852,291
pmid-10337920|pmid-10076928|pmid-10337920
These studies clearly demonstrated a differential capacity for IFN-γ responses within various sections of the brain after exogenous cytokine administration.
[ "27", "28", "27" ]
156
38,786
0
false
These studies clearly demonstrated a differential capacity for IFN-γ responses within various sections of the brain after exogenous cytokine administration.
[]
These studies clearly demonstrated a differential capacity for IFN-γ responses within various sections of the brain after exogenous cytokine administration.
true
true
true
true
true
6,677
9
DISCUSSION
1
27
[ "bib27", "bib28", "bib27" ]
18,852,291
pmid-10337920|pmid-10076928|pmid-10337920
In contrast, the data presented here delineate differential responses to physiological levels of IFN-γ production.
[ "27", "28", "27" ]
114
38,787
0
false
In contrast, the data presented here delineate differential responses to physiological levels of IFN-γ production.
[]
In contrast, the data presented here delineate differential responses to physiological levels of IFN-γ production.
true
true
true
true
true
6,677
9
DISCUSSION
1
27
[ "bib27", "bib28", "bib27" ]
18,852,291
pmid-10337920|pmid-10076928|pmid-10337920
This difference in methodology may explain the apparent discrepancies between IFN-γ–induced cell trafficking into the brainstem in the earlier study (27) and the IFN-γ–induced protection from cell trafficking observed in the brainstem in this study.
[ "27", "28", "27" ]
249
38,788
1
false
This difference in methodology may explain the apparent discrepancies between IFN-γ–induced cell trafficking into the brainstem in the earlier study and the IFN-γ–induced protection from cell trafficking observed in the brainstem in this study.
[ "27" ]
This difference in methodology may explain the apparent discrepancies between IFN-γ–induced cell trafficking into the brainstem in the earlier study and the IFN-γ–induced protection from cell trafficking observed in the brainstem in this study.
true
true
true
true
true
6,677
10
DISCUSSION
1
29
[ "bib29", "bib33" ]
18,852,291
pmid-2461957|pmid-9628460
The idea that regional CNS responses to cytokines are vital to the development of neuroinflammation also fits well with previous MS studies that demonstrated anti-myelin T cell responses in clinically silent individuals (29–33).
[ "29", "33" ]
228
38,789
0
false
The idea that regional CNS responses to cytokines are vital to the development of neuroinflammation also fits well with previous MS studies that demonstrated anti-myelin T cell responses in clinically silent individuals.
[ "29–33" ]
The idea that regional CNS responses to cytokines are vital to the development of neuroinflammation also fits well with previous MS studies that demonstrated anti-myelin T cell responses in clinically silent individuals.
true
true
true
true
true
6,678
10
DISCUSSION
1
29
[ "bib29", "bib33" ]
18,852,291
pmid-2461957|pmid-9628460
The lack of clinical manifestation in individuals that are clearly capable of a vigorous antimyelin immune response could be explained by CNS responses that are either insufficient to allow inflammation or that are actively suppressive of inflammation.
[ "29", "33" ]
252
38,790
0
false
The lack of clinical manifestation in individuals that are clearly capable of a vigorous antimyelin immune response could be explained by CNS responses that are either insufficient to allow inflammation or that are actively suppressive of inflammation.
[]
The lack of clinical manifestation in individuals that are clearly capable of a vigorous antimyelin immune response could be explained by CNS responses that are either insufficient to allow inflammation or that are actively suppressive of inflammation.
true
true
true
true
true
6,678
10
DISCUSSION
1
29
[ "bib29", "bib33" ]
18,852,291
pmid-2461957|pmid-9628460
Under this model, development of MS would rely on both induction of CNS specific autoimmune responses and the capacity of the CNS to respond to initial immune invasion.
[ "29", "33" ]
168
38,791
0
false
Under this model, development of MS would rely on both induction of CNS specific autoimmune responses and the capacity of the CNS to respond to initial immune invasion.
[]
Under this model, development of MS would rely on both induction of CNS specific autoimmune responses and the capacity of the CNS to respond to initial immune invasion.
true
true
true
true
true
6,678
11
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
Interestingly, initial examination of IFN-γR1 within the cerebellum and spinal cord of both naive mice and mice with either typical or atypical EAE revealed little to no difference in expression between the two tissues.
null
219
38,792
0
false
null
null
Interestingly, initial examination of IFN-γR1 within the cerebellum and spinal cord of both naive mice and mice with either typical or atypical EAE revealed little to no difference in expression between the two tissues.
true
true
true
true
true
6,679
11
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
These data suggest that the capacity to bind IFN-γ is equivalent between the two tissues and that differential responses to IFN-γ within different regions reflect downstream components of the IFN-γ signaling pathway (unpublished data).
null
235
38,793
0
false
null
null
These data suggest that the capacity to bind IFN-γ is equivalent between the two tissues and that differential responses to IFN-γ within different regions reflect downstream components of the IFN-γ signaling pathway (unpublished data).
true
true
true
true
true
6,679
12
DISCUSSION
1
34
[ "bib34" ]
18,852,291
pmid-17709491
The expression of both CXCL9 and CXCL10 were completely ablated in the CNS of mice that did not receive an IFN-γ signal from invading T cells.
[ "34" ]
142
38,794
0
false
The expression of both CXCL9 and CXCL10 were completely ablated in the CNS of mice that did not receive an IFN-γ signal from invading T cells.
[]
The expression of both CXCL9 and CXCL10 were completely ablated in the CNS of mice that did not receive an IFN-γ signal from invading T cells.
true
true
true
true
true
6,680
12
DISCUSSION
1
34
[ "bib34" ]
18,852,291
pmid-17709491
These data demonstrate that in our model system, alternative inflammatory agents such as TNF-α are not sufficient to drive expression of CXCL9 and CXCL10.
[ "34" ]
154
38,795
0
false
These data demonstrate that in our model system, alternative inflammatory agents such as TNF-α are not sufficient to drive expression of CXCL9 and CXCL10.
[]
These data demonstrate that in our model system, alternative inflammatory agents such as TNF-α are not sufficient to drive expression of CXCL9 and CXCL10.
true
true
true
true
true
6,680
12
DISCUSSION
1
34
[ "bib34" ]
18,852,291
pmid-17709491
The complete absence of these chemokines in the cerebellum of mice with atypical disease supports recent suggestions that these chemokines restrain T cells within the perivasculature of the cerebellum preventing development of atypical disease (34).
[ "34" ]
249
38,796
1
false
The complete absence of these chemokines in the cerebellum of mice with atypical disease supports recent suggestions that these chemokines restrain T cells within the perivasculature of the cerebellum preventing development of atypical disease.
[ "34" ]
The complete absence of these chemokines in the cerebellum of mice with atypical disease supports recent suggestions that these chemokines restrain T cells within the perivasculature of the cerebellum preventing development of atypical disease.
true
true
true
true
true
6,680
13
DISCUSSION
1
35
[ "bib35", "bib36", "bib37", "bib38", "bib41", "bib42", "bib43", "bib44", "bib45" ]
18,852,291
pmid-12690656|pmid-12451613|pmid-12140109|pmid-15262730|pmid-11959155|pmid-17657801|pmid-9670842|pmid-11784390|pmid-8905988
The data presented here demonstrate the sufficiency and necessity for IFN-γ signaling during the invasion process to determine cellular localization within various anatomical components of the CNS.
[ "35", "36", "37", "38", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45" ]
197
38,797
0
false
The data presented here demonstrate the sufficiency and necessity for IFN-γ signaling during the invasion process to determine cellular localization within various anatomical components of the CNS.
[]
The data presented here demonstrate the sufficiency and necessity for IFN-γ signaling during the invasion process to determine cellular localization within various anatomical components of the CNS.
true
true
true
true
true
6,681
13
DISCUSSION
1
35
[ "bib35", "bib36", "bib37", "bib38", "bib41", "bib42", "bib43", "bib44", "bib45" ]
18,852,291
pmid-12690656|pmid-12451613|pmid-12140109|pmid-15262730|pmid-11959155|pmid-17657801|pmid-9670842|pmid-11784390|pmid-8905988
The atypical EAE model may give useful information for cerebellar MS
[ "35", "36", "37", "38", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45" ]
68
38,798
0
false
The atypical EAE model may give useful information for cerebellar MS
[]
The atypical EAE model may give useful information for cerebellar MS
true
true
false
true
false
6,681
13
DISCUSSION
1
35
[ "bib35", "bib36", "bib37", "bib38", "bib41", "bib42", "bib43", "bib44", "bib45" ]
18,852,291
pmid-12690656|pmid-12451613|pmid-12140109|pmid-15262730|pmid-11959155|pmid-17657801|pmid-9670842|pmid-11784390|pmid-8905988
but it may also tell us about other inflammatory diseases.
[ "35", "36", "37", "38", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45" ]
58
38,799
0
false
but it may also tell us about other inflammatory diseases.
[]
but it may also tell us about other inflammatory diseases.
false
true
true
true
false
6,681
13
DISCUSSION
1
35
[ "bib35", "bib36", "bib37", "bib38", "bib41", "bib42", "bib43", "bib44", "bib45" ]
18,852,291
pmid-12690656|pmid-12451613|pmid-12140109|pmid-15262730|pmid-11959155|pmid-17657801|pmid-9670842|pmid-11784390|pmid-8905988
The atypical EAE findings described here may be a particularly good model of the human disease, Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis (BBE) (35).
[ "35", "36", "37", "38", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45" ]
144
38,800
1
false
The atypical EAE findings described here may be a particularly good model of the human disease, Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis (BBE).
[ "35" ]
The atypical EAE findings described here may be a particularly good model of the human disease, Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis (BBE).
true
true
true
true
true
6,681
13
DISCUSSION
1
35
[ "bib35", "bib36", "bib37", "bib38", "bib41", "bib42", "bib43", "bib44", "bib45" ]
18,852,291
pmid-12690656|pmid-12451613|pmid-12140109|pmid-15262730|pmid-11959155|pmid-17657801|pmid-9670842|pmid-11784390|pmid-8905988
This is usually a monophasic inflammatory disease of the brainstem and cerebellum.
[ "35", "36", "37", "38", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45" ]
82
38,801
0
false
This is usually a monophasic inflammatory disease of the brainstem and cerebellum.
[]
This is usually a monophasic inflammatory disease of the brainstem and cerebellum.
true
true
true
true
true
6,681
13
DISCUSSION
1
35
[ "bib35", "bib36", "bib37", "bib38", "bib41", "bib42", "bib43", "bib44", "bib45" ]
18,852,291
pmid-12690656|pmid-12451613|pmid-12140109|pmid-15262730|pmid-11959155|pmid-17657801|pmid-9670842|pmid-11784390|pmid-8905988
Patients have decreased consciousness, corticospinal tract abnormalities, multiple cranial nerve dysfunctions, and ataxia.
[ "35", "36", "37", "38", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45" ]
122
38,802
0
false
Patients have decreased consciousness, corticospinal tract abnormalities, multiple cranial nerve dysfunctions, and ataxia.
[]
Patients have decreased consciousness, corticospinal tract abnormalities, multiple cranial nerve dysfunctions, and ataxia.
true
true
true
true
true
6,681
13
DISCUSSION
1
35
[ "bib35", "bib36", "bib37", "bib38", "bib41", "bib42", "bib43", "bib44", "bib45" ]
18,852,291
pmid-12690656|pmid-12451613|pmid-12140109|pmid-15262730|pmid-11959155|pmid-17657801|pmid-9670842|pmid-11784390|pmid-8905988
Its less severe form appears to be Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS), which has much less brainstem involvement and is defined by ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia.
[ "35", "36", "37", "38", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45" ]
164
38,803
0
false
Its less severe form appears to be Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS), which has much less brainstem involvement and is defined by ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia.
[]
Its less severe form appears to be Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS), which has much less brainstem involvement and is defined by ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia.
true
true
true
true
true
6,681
13
DISCUSSION
1
35
[ "bib35", "bib36", "bib37", "bib38", "bib41", "bib42", "bib43", "bib44", "bib45" ]
18,852,291
pmid-12690656|pmid-12451613|pmid-12140109|pmid-15262730|pmid-11959155|pmid-17657801|pmid-9670842|pmid-11784390|pmid-8905988
The differences between BBE and MFS, although controversial, may be a matter of the intensity of the immune response, given that both affect the same target areas of the brain (36, 37).
[ "35", "36", "37", "38", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45" ]
185
38,804
0
false
The differences between BBE and MFS, although controversial, may be a matter of the intensity of the immune response, given that both affect the same target areas of the brain.
[ "36, 37" ]
The differences between BBE and MFS, although controversial, may be a matter of the intensity of the immune response, given that both affect the same target areas of the brain.
true
true
true
true
true
6,681
13
DISCUSSION
1
35
[ "bib35", "bib36", "bib37", "bib38", "bib41", "bib42", "bib43", "bib44", "bib45" ]
18,852,291
pmid-12690656|pmid-12451613|pmid-12140109|pmid-15262730|pmid-11959155|pmid-17657801|pmid-9670842|pmid-11784390|pmid-8905988
MFS in turn overlaps with Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS).
[ "35", "36", "37", "38", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45" ]
56
38,805
0
false
MFS in turn overlaps with Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS).
[]
MFS in turn overlaps with Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS).
true
true
true
true
true
6,681
13
DISCUSSION
1
42
[ "bib35", "bib36", "bib37", "bib38", "bib41", "bib42", "bib43", "bib44", "bib45" ]
18,852,291
pmid-12690656|pmid-12451613|pmid-12140109|pmid-15262730|pmid-11959155|pmid-17657801|pmid-9670842|pmid-11784390|pmid-8905988
It is of interest that BBE, MFS, and a subset of GBS can have seemingly similar immune responses (all can have similar anti-GQ1B ganglioside antibodies) (38–41), yet have different inflammatory targeting (42).
[ "35", "36", "37", "38", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45" ]
209
38,806
1
false
It is of interest that BBE, MFS, and a subset of GBS can have seemingly similar immune responses (all can have similar anti-GQ1B ganglioside antibodies), yet have different inflammatory targeting.
[ "38–41", "42" ]
It is of interest that BBE, MFS, and a subset of GBS can have seemingly similar immune responses (all can have similar anti-GQ1B ganglioside antibodies), yet have different inflammatory targeting.
true
true
true
true
true
6,681
13
DISCUSSION
1
35
[ "bib35", "bib36", "bib37", "bib38", "bib41", "bib42", "bib43", "bib44", "bib45" ]
18,852,291
pmid-12690656|pmid-12451613|pmid-12140109|pmid-15262730|pmid-11959155|pmid-17657801|pmid-9670842|pmid-11784390|pmid-8905988
Differences in IFN-γ production in these diseases could account for these differences if they follow the same paradigm as described in our atypical EAE model.
[ "35", "36", "37", "38", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45" ]
158
38,807
0
false
Differences in IFN-γ production in these diseases could account for these differences if they follow the same paradigm as described in our atypical EAE model.
[]
Differences in IFN-γ production in these diseases could account for these differences if they follow the same paradigm as described in our atypical EAE model.
true
true
true
true
true
6,681
13
DISCUSSION
1
43
[ "bib35", "bib36", "bib37", "bib38", "bib41", "bib42", "bib43", "bib44", "bib45" ]
18,852,291
pmid-12690656|pmid-12451613|pmid-12140109|pmid-15262730|pmid-11959155|pmid-17657801|pmid-9670842|pmid-11784390|pmid-8905988
As would be predicted by our disease paradigm, patients with MFS have lower IFN-γ production than patients with GBS (43).
[ "35", "36", "37", "38", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45" ]
121
38,808
1
false
As would be predicted by our disease paradigm, patients with MFS have lower IFN-γ production than patients with GBS.
[ "43" ]
As would be predicted by our disease paradigm, patients with MFS have lower IFN-γ production than patients with GBS.
true
true
true
true
true
6,681
13
DISCUSSION
1
35
[ "bib35", "bib36", "bib37", "bib38", "bib41", "bib42", "bib43", "bib44", "bib45" ]
18,852,291
pmid-12690656|pmid-12451613|pmid-12140109|pmid-15262730|pmid-11959155|pmid-17657801|pmid-9670842|pmid-11784390|pmid-8905988
Also, cases have been described that started as one of these diseases that then changed or relapsed as a different disease (44, 45).
[ "35", "36", "37", "38", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45" ]
132
38,809
0
false
Also, cases have been described that started as one of these diseases that then changed or relapsed as a different disease.
[ "44, 45" ]
Also, cases have been described that started as one of these diseases that then changed or relapsed as a different disease.
true
true
true
true
true
6,681
13
DISCUSSION
1
35
[ "bib35", "bib36", "bib37", "bib38", "bib41", "bib42", "bib43", "bib44", "bib45" ]
18,852,291
pmid-12690656|pmid-12451613|pmid-12140109|pmid-15262730|pmid-11959155|pmid-17657801|pmid-9670842|pmid-11784390|pmid-8905988
Fluctuations in IFN-γ production might be expected to produce exactly this scenario.
[ "35", "36", "37", "38", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45" ]
84
38,810
0
false
Fluctuations in IFN-γ production might be expected to produce exactly this scenario.
[]
Fluctuations in IFN-γ production might be expected to produce exactly this scenario.
true
true
true
true
true
6,681
14
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
The data presented here demonstrate the sufficiency and necessity for IFN-γ signaling during the invasion process to determine regional localization within various anatomical sites of the CNS.
null
192
38,811
0
false
null
null
The data presented here demonstrate the sufficiency and necessity for IFN-γ signaling during the invasion process to determine regional localization within various anatomical sites of the CNS.
true
true
true
true
true
6,682
14
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,852,291
null
An understanding of the exact mechanisms involved in cellular localization to the CNS and PNS may allow development of better methods for determining prognosis and modifying pathogenesis in many neurological diseases such as MS, BBE, MFS, and GBS.
null
247
38,812
0
false
null
null
An understanding of the exact mechanisms involved in cellular localization to the CNS and PNS may allow development of better methods for determining prognosis and modifying pathogenesis in many neurological diseases such as MS, BBE, MFS, and GBS.
true
true
true
true
true
6,682
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B2", "B1 B2 B3", "B1", "B3", "B4", "B5", "B2" ]
19,429,690
pmid-10871379|pmid-18657049|pmid-18657049|pmid-10871379|pmid-18657049|pmid-16282471|pmid-10871379|pmid-16282471|pmid-16343488|pmid-15705566|pmid-18657049|pmid-10871379|pmid-16282471|pmid-18657049
Small heterodimer partner interacting leucine zipper protein (SMILE) belongs to basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) family (1,2).
[ "1", "2", "2", "1–3", "1", "3", "4", "5", "2" ]
128
38,813
0
false
Small heterodimer partner interacting leucine zipper protein (SMILE) belongs to basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) family.
[ "1,2" ]
Small heterodimer partner interacting leucine zipper protein (SMILE) belongs to basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) family.
true
true
true
true
true
6,683
0
INTRODUCTION
1
2
[ "B1", "B2", "B2", "B1 B2 B3", "B1", "B3", "B4", "B5", "B2" ]
19,429,690
pmid-10871379|pmid-18657049|pmid-18657049|pmid-10871379|pmid-18657049|pmid-16282471|pmid-10871379|pmid-16282471|pmid-16343488|pmid-15705566|pmid-18657049|pmid-10871379|pmid-16282471|pmid-18657049
SMILE gene produces two isoforms, SMILE-L (long isoform of SMILE, also known as CREBZF) and SMILE-S (short isoform of SMILE, previously known as Zhangfei), from alternative usage of initiation codons (2).
[ "1", "2", "2", "1–3", "1", "3", "4", "5", "2" ]
204
38,814
1
false
SMILE gene produces two isoforms, SMILE-L (long isoform of SMILE, also known as CREBZF) and SMILE-S (short isoform of SMILE, previously known as Zhangfei), from alternative usage of initiation codons.
[ "2" ]
SMILE gene produces two isoforms, SMILE-L (long isoform of SMILE, also known as CREBZF) and SMILE-S (short isoform of SMILE, previously known as Zhangfei), from alternative usage of initiation codons.
true
true
true
true
true
6,683
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1–3
[ "B1", "B2", "B2", "B1 B2 B3", "B1", "B3", "B4", "B5", "B2" ]
19,429,690
pmid-10871379|pmid-18657049|pmid-18657049|pmid-10871379|pmid-18657049|pmid-16282471|pmid-10871379|pmid-16282471|pmid-16343488|pmid-15705566|pmid-18657049|pmid-10871379|pmid-16282471|pmid-18657049
Although SMILE has the ability to homodimerize like other bZIP proteins, it cannot bind to DNA as a homodimer (1–3).
[ "1", "2", "2", "1–3", "1", "3", "4", "5", "2" ]
116
38,815
1
false
Although SMILE has the ability to homodimerize like other bZIP proteins, it cannot bind to DNA as a homodimer.
[ "1–3" ]
Although SMILE has the ability to homodimerize like other bZIP proteins, it cannot bind to DNA as a homodimer.
true
true
true
true
true
6,683