Datasets:
vgainullin
/
xciting_data

Dataset card Data Studio Files
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 Community
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INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18082599|pmid-11430828|pmid-12556884|pmid-14595109
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the phosphoinositol-3-kinase-like (PIK) kinase Mec1 occupies a central role in the DDR.
[ "1", "2", "3" ]
116
43,419
0
false
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the phosphoinositol-3-kinase-like (PIK) kinase Mec1 occupies a central role in the DDR.
[]
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the phosphoinositol-3-kinase-like (PIK) kinase Mec1 occupies a central role in the DDR.
true
true
true
true
true
7,518
0
INTRODUCTION
1
2
[ "B1", "B2", "B3" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18082599|pmid-11430828|pmid-12556884|pmid-14595109
The other PIK-kinase, Tel1, plays a minor role in the DDR in wild-type cells (2).
[ "1", "2", "3" ]
81
43,420
1
false
The other PIK-kinase, Tel1, plays a minor role in the DDR in wild-type cells.
[ "2" ]
The other PIK-kinase, Tel1, plays a minor role in the DDR in wild-type cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,518
0
INTRODUCTION
1
3
[ "B1", "B2", "B3" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18082599|pmid-11430828|pmid-12556884|pmid-14595109
Unlike ATM in mammalian cells, where phosphorylation of residue serine 1981 is indicative of ATM activation (3), there is no direct assay to monitor activation of ATR or Mec1 kinase in vivo.
[ "1", "2", "3" ]
190
43,421
1
false
Unlike ATM in mammalian cells, where phosphorylation of residue serine 1981 is indicative of ATM activation, there is no direct assay to monitor activation of ATR or Mec1 kinase in vivo.
[ "3" ]
Unlike ATM in mammalian cells, where phosphorylation of residue serine 1981 is indicative of ATM activation, there is no direct assay to monitor activation of ATR or Mec1 kinase in vivo.
true
true
true
true
true
7,518
1
INTRODUCTION
1
4
[ "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7", "B6", "B1" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12791985|pmid-18471973|pmid-11691833|pmid-17189191|pmid-11691833|pmid-18082599|pmid-11333217|pmid-18082599|pmid-2108251|pmid-11333217
Mec1 is targeted to ssDNA covered by the ssDNA-binding protein RPA through its DNA-binding subunit Ddc2, an ortholog of ATRIP in mammalian cells (4).
[ "4", "5", "6", "7", "6", "1" ]
149
43,422
1
false
Mec1 is targeted to ssDNA covered by the ssDNA-binding protein RPA through its DNA-binding subunit Ddc2, an ortholog of ATRIP in mammalian cells.
[ "4" ]
Mec1 is targeted to ssDNA covered by the ssDNA-binding protein RPA through its DNA-binding subunit Ddc2, an ortholog of ATRIP in mammalian cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,519
1
INTRODUCTION
1
4
[ "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7", "B6", "B1" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12791985|pmid-18471973|pmid-11691833|pmid-17189191|pmid-11691833|pmid-18082599|pmid-11333217|pmid-18082599|pmid-2108251|pmid-11333217
ssDNA can accumulate as a result of replication fork stalling or during processing of DNA damage, such as the resection of a double-strand DNA break (DSB).
[ "4", "5", "6", "7", "6", "1" ]
155
43,423
0
false
ssDNA can accumulate as a result of replication fork stalling or during processing of DNA damage, such as the resection of a double-strand DNA break (DSB).
[]
ssDNA can accumulate as a result of replication fork stalling or during processing of DNA damage, such as the resection of a double-strand DNA break (DSB).
false
true
true
true
false
7,519
1
INTRODUCTION
1
4
[ "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7", "B6", "B1" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12791985|pmid-18471973|pmid-11691833|pmid-17189191|pmid-11691833|pmid-18082599|pmid-11333217|pmid-18082599|pmid-2108251|pmid-11333217
DDR activation requires the colocalization of Mec1-Ddc2 and the 9-1-1 complex, a PCNA-like clamp composed of the Rad17, Mec3 and Ddc1 proteins in S. cerevisiae (5,6).
[ "4", "5", "6", "7", "6", "1" ]
166
43,424
0
false
DDR activation requires the colocalization of Mec1-Ddc2 and the 9-1-1 complex, a PCNA-like clamp composed of the Rad17, Mec3 and Ddc1 proteins in S. cerevisiae.
[ "5,6" ]
DDR activation requires the colocalization of Mec1-Ddc2 and the 9-1-1 complex, a PCNA-like clamp composed of the Rad17, Mec3 and Ddc1 proteins in S. cerevisiae.
true
true
true
true
true
7,519
1
INTRODUCTION
1
7
[ "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7", "B6", "B1" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12791985|pmid-18471973|pmid-11691833|pmid-17189191|pmid-11691833|pmid-18082599|pmid-11333217|pmid-18082599|pmid-2108251|pmid-11333217
Biochemical reconstitution experiments showed that efficient Mec1 kinase activity requires the proper loading of the 9-1-1 complex by its clamp loader Rad24-RFC onto partial duplex DNA (7).
[ "4", "5", "6", "7", "6", "1" ]
189
43,425
1
false
Biochemical reconstitution experiments showed that efficient Mec1 kinase activity requires the proper loading of the 9-1-1 complex by its clamp loader Rad24-RFC onto partial duplex DNA.
[ "7" ]
Biochemical reconstitution experiments showed that efficient Mec1 kinase activity requires the proper loading of the 9-1-1 complex by its clamp loader Rad24-RFC onto partial duplex DNA.
true
true
true
true
true
7,519
1
INTRODUCTION
1
6
[ "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7", "B6", "B1" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12791985|pmid-18471973|pmid-11691833|pmid-17189191|pmid-11691833|pmid-18082599|pmid-11333217|pmid-18082599|pmid-2108251|pmid-11333217
Both sensor complexes, Mec1–Ddc2 and 9-1-1, recognize the DNA damage independently of each other and their colocalization greatly enhances Mec1 activation (6).
[ "4", "5", "6", "7", "6", "1" ]
159
43,426
1
false
Both sensor complexes, Mec1–Ddc2 and 9-1-1, recognize the DNA damage independently of each other and their colocalization greatly enhances Mec1 activation.
[ "6" ]
Both sensor complexes, Mec1–Ddc2 and 9-1-1, recognize the DNA damage independently of each other and their colocalization greatly enhances Mec1 activation.
true
true
true
true
true
7,519
1
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7", "B6", "B1" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12791985|pmid-18471973|pmid-11691833|pmid-17189191|pmid-11691833|pmid-18082599|pmid-11333217|pmid-18082599|pmid-2108251|pmid-11333217
The DNA damage signal is relayed through the damage-specific mediator Rad9 or the replication stress-specific mediator Mrc1 to the effector kinases, Chk1, Dun1 and Rad53 (1).
[ "4", "5", "6", "7", "6", "1" ]
174
43,427
1
false
The DNA damage signal is relayed through the damage-specific mediator Rad9 or the replication stress-specific mediator Mrc1 to the effector kinases, Chk1, Dun1 and Rad53.
[ "1" ]
The DNA damage signal is relayed through the damage-specific mediator Rad9 or the replication stress-specific mediator Mrc1 to the effector kinases, Chk1, Dun1 and Rad53.
true
true
true
true
true
7,519
2
INTRODUCTION
1
8
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
Activation of the Rad53 effector kinase is mediated by the Rad9 adaptor protein recruiting Rad53 as a substrate for Mec1 kinase (8).
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
132
43,428
1
false
Activation of the Rad53 effector kinase is mediated by the Rad9 adaptor protein recruiting Rad53 as a substrate for Mec1 kinase.
[ "8" ]
Activation of the Rad53 effector kinase is mediated by the Rad9 adaptor protein recruiting Rad53 as a substrate for Mec1 kinase.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
2
INTRODUCTION
1
9
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
Subsequent extensive autophosphorylation of Rad53 is indicative of activation and can be monitored through an electrophoretic mobility shift or an auto-kinase assay (9).
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
169
43,429
1
false
Subsequent extensive autophosphorylation of Rad53 is indicative of activation and can be monitored through an electrophoretic mobility shift or an auto-kinase assay.
[ "9" ]
Subsequent extensive autophosphorylation of Rad53 is indicative of activation and can be monitored through an electrophoretic mobility shift or an auto-kinase assay.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
2
INTRODUCTION
1
9–16
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
Rad53 activation has been taken as a general proxy for DDR activation in S. cerevisiae (9–16).
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
94
43,430
1
false
Rad53 activation has been taken as a general proxy for DDR activation in S. cerevisiae.
[ "9–16" ]
Rad53 activation has been taken as a general proxy for DDR activation in S. cerevisiae.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
2
INTRODUCTION
1
8
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
Genotoxic stress during different phases of the cell cycle poses distinct challenges.
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
85
43,431
0
false
Genotoxic stress during different phases of the cell cycle poses distinct challenges.
[]
Genotoxic stress during different phases of the cell cycle poses distinct challenges.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
2
INTRODUCTION
1
17
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
For example in G1, the absence of a sister chromatid impedes the use of recombinational repair, although in diploids the homolog can serve as a template (17).
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
158
43,432
1
false
For example in G1, the absence of a sister chromatid impedes the use of recombinational repair, although in diploids the homolog can serve as a template.
[ "17" ]
For example in G1, the absence of a sister chromatid impedes the use of recombinational repair, although in diploids the homolog can serve as a template.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
2
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
In S-phase, DNA repair requires coordination with DNA replication, and the DDR involves suppression of late firing origins (1).
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
127
43,433
1
false
In S-phase, DNA repair requires coordination with DNA replication, and the DDR involves suppression of late firing origins.
[ "1" ]
In S-phase, DNA repair requires coordination with DNA replication, and the DDR involves suppression of late firing origins.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
2
INTRODUCTION
1
8
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
Likewise in G2, mitosis and the onset of anaphase need to be coordinated with DNA repair.
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
89
43,434
0
false
Likewise in G2, mitosis and the onset of anaphase need to be coordinated with DNA repair.
[]
Likewise in G2, mitosis and the onset of anaphase need to be coordinated with DNA repair.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
2
INTRODUCTION
1
8
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
At the molecular level, this complexity is reflected in differences in the activation of Rad53 kinase in response to various forms of DNA damage in the G1 versus other phases of the cell cycle.
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
193
43,435
0
false
At the molecular level, this complexity is reflected in differences in the activation of Rad53 kinase in response to various forms of DNA damage in the G1 versus other phases of the cell cycle.
[]
At the molecular level, this complexity is reflected in differences in the activation of Rad53 kinase in response to various forms of DNA damage in the G1 versus other phases of the cell cycle.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
2
INTRODUCTION
1
8
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
In G1-arrested cells, Rad53 is not activated in response to oxidative DNA damage or a single DSB induced by HO-endonuclease (15,16,18).
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
135
43,436
0
false
In G1-arrested cells, Rad53 is not activated in response to oxidative DNA damage or a single DSB induced by HO-endonuclease.
[ "15,16,18" ]
In G1-arrested cells, Rad53 is not activated in response to oxidative DNA damage or a single DSB induced by HO-endonuclease.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
2
INTRODUCTION
1
19
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
Rad53 activation in G1 requires much higher concentrations of alkylation damage than in S or G2 (19).
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
101
43,437
1
false
Rad53 activation in G1 requires much higher concentrations of alkylation damage than in S or G2.
[ "19" ]
Rad53 activation in G1 requires much higher concentrations of alkylation damage than in S or G2.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
2
INTRODUCTION
1
20
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
For UV, Rad53 activation requires damage processing by the nucleotide excision repair pathway specifically in G1, but not in S-phase (20).
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
138
43,438
1
false
For UV, Rad53 activation requires damage processing by the nucleotide excision repair pathway specifically in G1, but not in S-phase.
[ "20" ]
For UV, Rad53 activation requires damage processing by the nucleotide excision repair pathway specifically in G1, but not in S-phase.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
2
INTRODUCTION
1
8
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
The damage is either repaired silently or the damage remains unrepaired until entry into S when the damage is processed.
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
120
43,439
0
false
The damage is either repaired silently or the damage remains unrepaired until entry into S when the damage is processed.
[]
The damage is either repaired silently or the damage remains unrepaired until entry into S when the damage is processed.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
2
INTRODUCTION
1
8
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
Hence, activation of the DDR in G1-arrested budding yeast cells appears to be governed by different parameters than in other phases of the cell cycle.
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
150
43,440
0
false
Hence, activation of the DDR in G1-arrested budding yeast cells appears to be governed by different parameters than in other phases of the cell cycle.
[]
Hence, activation of the DDR in G1-arrested budding yeast cells appears to be governed by different parameters than in other phases of the cell cycle.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
2
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
However, Rad53 activation does not measure the activation of the DDR at the sensor level but represents a stage in the signaling cascade, where already significant signal transduction and signal amplification has taken place (1).
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
229
43,441
1
false
However, Rad53 activation does not measure the activation of the DDR at the sensor level but represents a stage in the signaling cascade, where already significant signal transduction and signal amplification has taken place.
[ "1" ]
However, Rad53 activation does not measure the activation of the DDR at the sensor level but represents a stage in the signaling cascade, where already significant signal transduction and signal amplification has taken place.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
2
INTRODUCTION
1
21
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
In mammalian cells, localized activation of the sensor kinase (ATM) is amplified to a pan-nuclear response in the activation of the effector kinases CHK1 and CHK2 (the mammalian homolog of yeast Rad53) during the DDR (21).
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
222
43,442
1
false
In mammalian cells, localized activation of the sensor kinase (ATM) is amplified to a pan-nuclear response in the activation of the effector kinases CHK1 and CHK2 (the mammalian homolog of yeast Rad53) during the DDR.
[ "21" ]
In mammalian cells, localized activation of the sensor kinase (ATM) is amplified to a pan-nuclear response in the activation of the effector kinases CHK1 and CHK2 (the mammalian homolog of yeast Rad53) during the DDR.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
2
INTRODUCTION
1
8
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
The sensor kinases, ATM, ATR and their yeast paralogs have many phosphorylation substrates besides signaling components (22,23).
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
128
43,443
0
false
The sensor kinases, ATM, ATR and their yeast paralogs have many phosphorylation substrates besides signaling components.
[ "22,23" ]
The sensor kinases, ATM, ATR and their yeast paralogs have many phosphorylation substrates besides signaling components.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
2
INTRODUCTION
1
8
[ "B8", "B9", "B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16", "B17", "B1", "B15", "B16", "B18", "B19", "B20", "B1", "B21", "B22", "B23" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
For lack of tools to monitor kinase activity in vivo, it is unclear whether the sensor kinases (primarily Mec1 in budding yeast) are activated under genotoxic stress conditions that fail to activate Rad53 kinase.
[ "8", "9", "9–16", "17", "1", "15", "16", "18", "19", "20", "1", "21", "22", "23" ]
212
43,444
0
false
For lack of tools to monitor kinase activity in vivo, it is unclear whether the sensor kinases are activated under genotoxic stress conditions that fail to activate Rad53 kinase.
[ "primarily Mec1 in budding yeast" ]
For lack of tools to monitor kinase activity in vivo, it is unclear whether the sensor kinases are activated under genotoxic stress conditions that fail to activate Rad53 kinase.
true
true
true
true
true
7,520
3
INTRODUCTION
1
24
[ "B24", "B25", "B26", "B27", "B28", "B27", "B28" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
Homologous recombination is a major pathway in the repair of DSBs, gaps, and interstrand crosslinks, as well as in the restart of stalled or broken replication forks (24).
[ "24", "25", "26", "27", "28", "27", "28" ]
171
43,445
1
false
Homologous recombination is a major pathway in the repair of DSBs, gaps, and interstrand crosslinks, as well as in the restart of stalled or broken replication forks.
[ "24" ]
Homologous recombination is a major pathway in the repair of DSBs, gaps, and interstrand crosslinks, as well as in the restart of stalled or broken replication forks.
true
true
true
true
true
7,521
3
INTRODUCTION
1
24
[ "B24", "B25", "B26", "B27", "B28", "B27", "B28" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
Rad51 protein catalyzes the key reactions of homology search and DNA strand invasion.
[ "24", "25", "26", "27", "28", "27", "28" ]
85
43,446
0
false
Rad51 protein catalyzes the key reactions of homology search and DNA strand invasion.
[]
Rad51 protein catalyzes the key reactions of homology search and DNA strand invasion.
true
true
true
true
true
7,521
3
INTRODUCTION
1
24
[ "B24", "B25", "B26", "B27", "B28", "B27", "B28" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
Rad55–Rad57 are two Rad51 paralogs in budding yeast with a specialized role in either formation or stabilization of the Rad51 filament (25,26).
[ "24", "25", "26", "27", "28", "27", "28" ]
143
43,447
0
false
Rad55–Rad57 are two Rad51 paralogs in budding yeast with a specialized role in either formation or stabilization of the Rad51 filament.
[ "25,26" ]
Rad55–Rad57 are two Rad51 paralogs in budding yeast with a specialized role in either formation or stabilization of the Rad51 filament.
true
true
true
true
true
7,521
3
INTRODUCTION
1
24
[ "B24", "B25", "B26", "B27", "B28", "B27", "B28" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
Formation of an active Rad51 filament on ssDNA dedicates the substrate to recombinational repair, making Rad55–Rad57 an ideal regulatory target to modulate recombination.
[ "24", "25", "26", "27", "28", "27", "28" ]
170
43,448
0
false
Formation of an active Rad51 filament on ssDNA dedicates the substrate to recombinational repair, making Rad55–Rad57 an ideal regulatory target to modulate recombination.
[]
Formation of an active Rad51 filament on ssDNA dedicates the substrate to recombinational repair, making Rad55–Rad57 an ideal regulatory target to modulate recombination.
true
true
true
true
true
7,521
3
INTRODUCTION
1
27
[ "B24", "B25", "B26", "B27", "B28", "B27", "B28" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
Indeed, Rad55 is a terminal target of the DDR after DNA damage or replication fork blockage (27).
[ "24", "25", "26", "27", "28", "27", "28" ]
97
43,449
1
false
Indeed, Rad55 is a terminal target of the DDR after DNA damage or replication fork blockage.
[ "27" ]
Indeed, Rad55 is a terminal target of the DDR after DNA damage or replication fork blockage.
true
true
true
true
true
7,521
3
INTRODUCTION
1
28
[ "B24", "B25", "B26", "B27", "B28", "B27", "B28" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
Phosphorylation of an N-terminal cluster of serines (Rad55-S2,8,14) is important for full function of Rad55, and a non-phosphorylatable mutant (Rad55-S2,8,14A) leads to increased sensitivity to genotoxic stress (28).
[ "24", "25", "26", "27", "28", "27", "28" ]
216
43,450
1
false
Phosphorylation of an N-terminal cluster of serines (Rad55-S2,8,14) is important for full function of Rad55, and a non-phosphorylatable mutant (Rad55-S2,8,14A) leads to increased sensitivity to genotoxic stress.
[ "28" ]
Phosphorylation of an N-terminal cluster of serines is important for full function of Rad55, and a non-phosphorylatable mutant leads to increased sensitivity to genotoxic stress.
true
true
true
true
true
7,521
3
INTRODUCTION
1
24
[ "B24", "B25", "B26", "B27", "B28", "B27", "B28" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
Rad55 phosphorylation after DNA damage causes an electrophoretic mobility shift, that is unchanged in the Rad55-S2,8,14A mutant protein, suggesting that a different phosphorylation site controls the mobility shift (27,28).
[ "24", "25", "26", "27", "28", "27", "28" ]
222
43,451
0
false
Rad55 phosphorylation after DNA damage causes an electrophoretic mobility shift, that is unchanged in the Rad55-S2,8,14A mutant protein, suggesting that a different phosphorylation site controls the mobility shift.
[ "27,28" ]
Rad55 phosphorylation after DNA damage causes an electrophoretic mobility shift, that is unchanged in the Rad55-S2,8,14A mutant protein, suggesting that a different phosphorylation site controls the mobility shift.
true
true
true
true
true
7,521
4
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
20,061,370
pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-18511906|pmid-18406328|pmid-18406328|pmid-11904430|pmid-12556502
In this study, we identify Rad55–S378 as the amino-acid residue that controls the phosphorylation event(s) leading to the electrophoretic mobility shift after DNA damage.
null
170
43,452
0
false
null
null
In this study, we identify Rad55–S378 as the amino-acid residue that controls the phosphorylation event(s) leading to the electrophoretic mobility shift after DNA damage.
true
true
true
true
true
7,522
4
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
20,061,370
pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-18511906|pmid-18406328|pmid-18406328|pmid-11904430|pmid-12556502
Rad55–S378 occurs in an SQ amino-acid sequence context, the preferred target site for PIK kinases, and a combination of in vivo and in vitro experiments identified S378 as a direct Mec1 site.
null
191
43,453
0
false
null
null
Rad55–S378 occurs in an SQ amino-acid sequence context, the preferred target site for PIK kinases, and a combination of in vivo and in vitro experiments identified S378 as a direct Mec1 site.
true
true
true
true
true
7,522
4
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
20,061,370
pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-18511906|pmid-18406328|pmid-18406328|pmid-11904430|pmid-12556502
Using the Rad55–S378 controlled mobility shift as a sentinel for Mec1 activation in vivo, our data show that Mec1 can be activated under conditions where Rad53 is not detectably activated.
null
188
43,454
0
false
null
null
Using the Rad55–S378 controlled mobility shift as a sentinel for Mec1 activation in vivo, our data show that Mec1 can be activated under conditions where Rad53 is not detectably activated.
true
true
true
true
true
7,522
4
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
20,061,370
pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-18511906|pmid-18406328|pmid-18406328|pmid-11904430|pmid-12556502
In G1-arrested cells expressing the HO-endonuclease, Mec1 but not Rad53 was activated, as demonstrated by phosphorylation of Rad55–S378, histone H2A (γ-H2A) and of RPA2.
null
169
43,455
0
false
null
null
In G1-arrested cells expressing the HO-endonuclease, Mec1 but not Rad53 was activated, as demonstrated by phosphorylation of Rad55–S378, histone H2A (γ-H2A) and of RPA2.
true
true
true
true
true
7,522
4
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
20,061,370
pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-18511906|pmid-18406328|pmid-18406328|pmid-11904430|pmid-12556502
This response depended on both Mec1–Ddc2 kinase complex and loading of the 9-1-1 clamp by Rad24-RFC.
null
100
43,456
0
false
null
null
This response depended on both Mec1–Ddc2 kinase complex and loading of the 9-1-1 clamp by Rad24-RFC.
true
true
true
true
true
7,522
4
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
20,061,370
pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-18511906|pmid-18406328|pmid-18406328|pmid-11904430|pmid-12556502
Our findings suggest the existence of a truncated DNA-damage-signaling pathway in G1-arrested cells that involves activation of Mec1 kinase but does not lead to activation of the full DDR involving activation of the effector kinases Dun1, Rad53, or Chk1.
null
254
43,457
0
false
null
null
Our findings suggest the existence of a truncated DNA-damage-signaling pathway in G1-arrested cells that involves activation of Mec1 kinase but does not lead to activation of the full DDR involving activation of the effector kinases Dun1, Rad53, or Chk1.
true
true
true
true
true
7,522
0
DISCUSSION
1
50
[ "B50" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18082599|pmid-11430828|pmid-12556884|pmid-14595109
Using Rad55–S378 phosphorylation as a sentinel of Mec1 kinase activity in vivo we discovered a truncated DNA-damage-signaling pathway that is active in G1-arrested wild-type cells suffering limited DNA damage (a single DSB) and is constitutively activated in a number of mutants in genes involved in DNA metabolism (RAD5...
[ "50" ]
342
43,458
0
false
Using Rad55–S378 phosphorylation as a sentinel of Mec1 kinase activity in vivo we discovered a truncated DNA-damage-signaling pathway that is active in G1-arrested wild-type cells suffering limited DNA damage (a single DSB) and is constitutively activated in a number of mutants in genes involved in DNA metabolism.
[ "RAD50, MRC1, RAD9, RAD54" ]
Using Rad55–S378 phosphorylation as a sentinel of Mec1 kinase activity in vivo we discovered a truncated DNA-damage-signaling pathway that is active in G1-arrested wild-type cells suffering limited DNA damage (a single DSB) and is constitutively activated in a number of mutants in genes involved in DNA metabolism.
true
true
true
true
true
7,523
0
DISCUSSION
1
50
[ "B50" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18082599|pmid-11430828|pmid-12556884|pmid-14595109
Activation of Mec1 kinase depended on both sensor components of the canonical DDR, the Mec1–Ddc2 complex and loading of the 9-1-1 complex by the Rad24-RFC.
[ "50" ]
155
43,459
0
false
Activation of Mec1 kinase depended on both sensor components of the canonical DDR, the Mec1–Ddc2 complex and loading of the 9-1-1 complex by the Rad24-RFC.
[]
Activation of Mec1 kinase depended on both sensor components of the canonical DDR, the Mec1–Ddc2 complex and loading of the 9-1-1 complex by the Rad24-RFC.
true
true
true
true
true
7,523
0
DISCUSSION
1
50
[ "B50" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18082599|pmid-11430828|pmid-12556884|pmid-14595109
It appears that Mec1 kinase activation was restricted to the site of damage, targeting besides the DNA repair protein Rad55, histone H2A, and RPA2, which is bound to processed DSBs and where RPA provides the binding site for the Mec1–Ddc2 complex and the Rad24-RFC.
[ "50" ]
265
43,460
0
false
It appears that Mec1 kinase activation was restricted to the site of damage, targeting besides the DNA repair protein Rad55, histone H2A, and RPA2, which is bound to processed DSBs and where RPA provides the binding site for the Mec1–Ddc2 complex and the Rad24-RFC.
[]
It appears that Mec1 kinase activation was restricted to the site of damage, targeting besides the DNA repair protein Rad55, histone H2A, and RPA2, which is bound to processed DSBs and where RPA provides the binding site for the Mec1–Ddc2 complex and the Rad24-RFC.
true
true
true
true
true
7,523
0
DISCUSSION
1
50
[ "B50" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18082599|pmid-11430828|pmid-12556884|pmid-14595109
However, the signaling cascade appears truncated after the sensor level, as there is no detectable activation of the effector kinases, most notably Rad53, and no evidence for phosphorylation of the adaptor proteins Rad9 and Mrc1.
[ "50" ]
229
43,461
0
false
However, the signaling cascade appears truncated after the sensor level, as there is no detectable activation of the effector kinases, most notably Rad53, and no evidence for phosphorylation of the adaptor proteins Rad9 and Mrc1.
[]
However, the signaling cascade appears truncated after the sensor level, as there is no detectable activation of the effector kinases, most notably Rad53, and no evidence for phosphorylation of the adaptor proteins Rad9 and Mrc1.
true
true
true
true
true
7,523
0
DISCUSSION
1
50
[ "B50" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18082599|pmid-11430828|pmid-12556884|pmid-14595109
It is unlikely that the function of Rad53 kinase is replaced by the paralogous protein Mek1, which is known to function only during meiosis, where it substitutes for Rad53 in the meiotic checkpoint (50).
[ "50" ]
203
43,462
1
false
It is unlikely that the function of Rad53 kinase is replaced by the paralogous protein Mek1, which is known to function only during meiosis, where it substitutes for Rad53 in the meiotic checkpoint.
[ "50" ]
It is unlikely that the function of Rad53 kinase is replaced by the paralogous protein Mek1, which is known to function only during meiosis, where it substitutes for Rad53 in the meiotic checkpoint.
true
true
true
true
true
7,523
0
DISCUSSION
1
50
[ "B50" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18082599|pmid-11430828|pmid-12556884|pmid-14595109
These data suggest that the DDR is not an ON/OFF switch, but capable of an intermediate level of activation (Supplementary Figure S2).
[ "50" ]
134
43,463
0
false
These data suggest that the DDR is not an ON/OFF switch, but capable of an intermediate level of activation (Supplementary Figure S2).
[]
These data suggest that the DDR is not an ON/OFF switch, but capable of an intermediate level of activation (Supplementary Figure S2).
true
true
true
true
true
7,523
1
DISCUSSION
1
51
[ "B51", "B1", "B52", "B51" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12791985|pmid-18471973|pmid-11691833|pmid-17189191|pmid-11691833|pmid-18082599|pmid-11333217|pmid-18082599|pmid-2108251|pmid-11333217
The bacterial SOS response fulfills a similar function as the eukaryotic DDR in enhancing survival and genomic stability.
[ "51", "1", "52", "51" ]
121
43,464
0
false
The bacterial SOS response fulfills a similar function as the eukaryotic DDR in enhancing survival and genomic stability.
[]
The bacterial SOS response fulfills a similar function as the eukaryotic DDR in enhancing survival and genomic stability.
true
true
true
true
true
7,524
1
DISCUSSION
1
51
[ "B51", "B1", "B52", "B51" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12791985|pmid-18471973|pmid-11691833|pmid-17189191|pmid-11691833|pmid-18082599|pmid-11333217|pmid-18082599|pmid-2108251|pmid-11333217
The SOS response involves the regulation of the LexA transcriptional repressor that controls a suit of about 40 genes with functions in DNA repair (e.g.
[ "51", "1", "52", "51" ]
152
43,465
0
false
The SOS response involves the regulation of the LexA transcriptional repressor that controls a suit of about 40 genes with functions in DNA repair (e.g.
[]
The SOS response involves the regulation of the LexA transcriptional repressor that controls a suit of about 40 genes with functions in DNA repair (e.g.
true
true
true
true
true
7,524
1
DISCUSSION
1
51
[ "B51", "B1", "B52", "B51" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12791985|pmid-18471973|pmid-11691833|pmid-17189191|pmid-11691833|pmid-18082599|pmid-11333217|pmid-18082599|pmid-2108251|pmid-11333217
recA, uvrA, uvrB, ruvA), DNA damage tolerance and mutagenesis (recA, umuC, umuD, DinB), replication restart (polB), cell division (sulA) and SOS autoregulation (lexA, recA, recX, dinI) (51).
[ "51", "1", "52", "51" ]
190
43,466
1
false
recA, uvrA, uvrB, ruvA), DNA damage tolerance and mutagenesis (recA, umuC, umuD, DinB), replication restart (polB), cell division (sulA) and SOS autoregulation (lexA, recA, recX, dinI).
[ "51" ]
recA, uvrA, uvrB, ruvA), DNA damage tolerance and mutagenesis (recA, umuC, umuD, DinB), replication restart (polB), cell division (sulA) and SOS autoregulation (lexA, recA, recX, dinI).
false
true
true
true
false
7,524
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "B51", "B1", "B52", "B51" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12791985|pmid-18471973|pmid-11691833|pmid-17189191|pmid-11691833|pmid-18082599|pmid-11333217|pmid-18082599|pmid-2108251|pmid-11333217
The DDR in eukaryotes is a kinase-signaling network that controls similar effector pathways in a mechanistically different way (1).
[ "51", "1", "52", "51" ]
131
43,467
1
false
The DDR in eukaryotes is a kinase-signaling network that controls similar effector pathways in a mechanistically different way.
[ "1" ]
The DDR in eukaryotes is a kinase-signaling network that controls similar effector pathways in a mechanistically different way.
true
true
true
true
true
7,524
1
DISCUSSION
1
51
[ "B51", "B1", "B52", "B51" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12791985|pmid-18471973|pmid-11691833|pmid-17189191|pmid-11691833|pmid-18082599|pmid-11333217|pmid-18082599|pmid-2108251|pmid-11333217
However, the biological functions of both pathways in ensuring survival and genomic stability are highly similar.
[ "51", "1", "52", "51" ]
113
43,468
0
false
However, the biological functions of both pathways in ensuring survival and genomic stability are highly similar.
[]
However, the biological functions of both pathways in ensuring survival and genomic stability are highly similar.
true
true
true
true
true
7,524
1
DISCUSSION
1
51
[ "B51", "B1", "B52", "B51" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12791985|pmid-18471973|pmid-11691833|pmid-17189191|pmid-11691833|pmid-18082599|pmid-11333217|pmid-18082599|pmid-2108251|pmid-11333217
The SOS response has been a paradigm for a complex regulatory network.
[ "51", "1", "52", "51" ]
70
43,469
0
false
The SOS response has been a paradigm for a complex regulatory network.
[]
The SOS response has been a paradigm for a complex regulatory network.
true
true
true
true
true
7,524
1
DISCUSSION
1
52
[ "B51", "B1", "B52", "B51" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12791985|pmid-18471973|pmid-11691833|pmid-17189191|pmid-11691833|pmid-18082599|pmid-11333217|pmid-18082599|pmid-2108251|pmid-11333217
The level of DNA damage determines whether cells induce the full or a partial transcriptional program by regulation of the LexA repressor level and through the different architectures of the LexA-regulated promoters (52).
[ "51", "1", "52", "51" ]
221
43,470
1
false
The level of DNA damage determines whether cells induce the full or a partial transcriptional program by regulation of the LexA repressor level and through the different architectures of the LexA-regulated promoters.
[ "52" ]
The level of DNA damage determines whether cells induce the full or a partial transcriptional program by regulation of the LexA repressor level and through the different architectures of the LexA-regulated promoters.
true
true
true
true
true
7,524
1
DISCUSSION
1
51
[ "B51", "B1", "B52", "B51" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12791985|pmid-18471973|pmid-11691833|pmid-17189191|pmid-11691833|pmid-18082599|pmid-11333217|pmid-18082599|pmid-2108251|pmid-11333217
This leads to the different levels of the SOS response through a temporal pattern of transcriptional induction leading from early/low level responses (uvrA, uvrB, uvrD) to additional responses as the level of DNA damage increases (RecA accumulation, cell-cycle arrest through induction of sulA, and induction of umuDC-de...
[ "51", "1", "52", "51" ]
356
43,471
1
false
This leads to the different levels of the SOS response through a temporal pattern of transcriptional induction leading from early/low level responses (uvrA, uvrB, uvrD) to additional responses as the level of DNA damage increases (RecA accumulation, cell-cycle arrest through induction of sulA, and induction of umuDC-de...
[ "51" ]
This leads to the different levels of the SOS response through a temporal pattern of transcriptional induction leading from early/low level responses (uvrA, uvrB, uvrD) to additional responses as the level of DNA damage increases (RecA accumulation, cell-cycle arrest through induction of sulA, and induction of umuDC-de...
true
true
true
true
true
7,524
2
DISCUSSION
1
34
[ "B34", "B53", "B35" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
There is evidence for a threshold in activating the DDR (measured as activation of Rad53) in the G1 and S-phases of the cell cycle (34,53).
[ "34", "53", "35" ]
139
43,472
0
false
There is evidence for a threshold in activating the DDR in the G1 and S-phases of the cell cycle.
[ "measured as activation of Rad53", "34,53" ]
There is evidence for a threshold in activating the DDR in the G1 and S-phases of the cell cycle.
true
true
true
true
true
7,525
2
DISCUSSION
1
34
[ "B34", "B53", "B35" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
Given the mechanisms of the functionally similar SOS response in bacteria it appears unlikely that the eukaryotic DDR functions solely as a threshold-triggered ON/OFF switch.
[ "34", "53", "35" ]
174
43,473
0
false
Given the mechanisms of the functionally similar SOS response in bacteria it appears unlikely that the eukaryotic DDR functions solely as a threshold-triggered ON/OFF switch.
[]
Given the mechanisms of the functionally similar SOS response in bacteria it appears unlikely that the eukaryotic DDR functions solely as a threshold-triggered ON/OFF switch.
true
true
true
true
true
7,525
2
DISCUSSION
1
34
[ "B34", "B53", "B35" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
Data presented here and in Barlow et al.
[ "34", "53", "35" ]
40
43,474
0
false
Data presented here and in Barlow et al.
[]
Data presented here and in Barlow et al.
true
true
true
true
true
7,525
2
DISCUSSION
1
35
[ "B34", "B53", "B35" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
(35) provide evidence for the induction of the DDR in G1-arrested wild-type cells that is different from the canonical-signaling response in that it does not detectably activate Rad53 kinase.
[ "34", "53", "35" ]
191
43,475
1
false
provide evidence for the induction of the DDR in G1-arrested wild-type cells that is different from the canonical-signaling response in that it does not detectably activate Rad53 kinase.
[ "35" ]
provide evidence for the induction of the DDR in G1-arrested wild-type cells that is different from the canonical-signaling response in that it does not detectably activate Rad53 kinase.
false
true
true
true
false
7,525
2
DISCUSSION
1
34
[ "B34", "B53", "B35" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
What could be the physiological function of such a limited activation of the DDR in yeast?
[ "34", "53", "35" ]
90
43,476
0
false
What could be the physiological function of such a limited activation of the DDR in yeast?
[]
What could be the physiological function of such a limited activation of the DDR in yeast?
true
true
true
true
true
7,525
2
DISCUSSION
1
34
[ "B34", "B53", "B35" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
A deliberate partial response preempts a full DDR with an undesirable cell-cycle delay in response to DNA damage that is easily addressed during the S/G2 phase.
[ "34", "53", "35" ]
160
43,477
0
false
A deliberate partial response preempts a full DDR with an undesirable cell-cycle delay in response to DNA damage that is easily addressed during the S/G2 phase.
[]
A deliberate partial response preempts a full DDR with an undesirable cell-cycle delay in response to DNA damage that is easily addressed during the S/G2 phase.
true
true
true
true
true
7,525
2
DISCUSSION
1
34
[ "B34", "B53", "B35" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
The number of Mec1 targets that have been identified under these conditions is limited to Rad55, histone H2A and RPA2, and more work is needed to identify additional G1 targets to uncover further effector processes that might be regulated under these conditions.
[ "34", "53", "35" ]
262
43,478
0
false
The number of Mec1 targets that have been identified under these conditions is limited to Rad55, histone H2A and RPA2, and more work is needed to identify additional G1 targets to uncover further effector processes that might be regulated under these conditions.
[]
The number of Mec1 targets that have been identified under these conditions is limited to Rad55, histone H2A and RPA2, and more work is needed to identify additional G1 targets to uncover further effector processes that might be regulated under these conditions.
true
true
true
true
true
7,525
2
DISCUSSION
1
34
[ "B34", "B53", "B35" ]
20,061,370
pmid-12049741|pmid-10562568|pmid-10562568|pmid-8600024|pmid-8553072|pmid-9657725|pmid-12917350|pmid-16365046|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-347306|pmid-18082599|pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-11387222|pmid-12769855|pmid-10449414|pmid-18082599|pmid-12598907|pmid-17563356|pmid-17525332|pmid-18511906|pmid-12502744|pmi...
We speculate that RPA2, histone H2A, Rad55 phosphorylation may affect DSB processing, repair pathway or target (homolog) choice, or DNA replication.
[ "34", "53", "35" ]
148
43,479
0
false
We speculate that RPA2, histone H2A, Rad55 phosphorylation may affect DSB processing, repair pathway or target (homolog) choice, or DNA replication.
[]
We speculate that RPA2, histone H2A, Rad55 phosphorylation may affect DSB processing, repair pathway or target (homolog) choice, or DNA replication.
true
true
true
true
true
7,525
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B54", "B34", "B34", "B55", "B35", "B43", "B44", "B56", "B43", "B44", "B57", "B58", "B59", "B60" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
What are the mechanisms that control the transition from the limited activation of the DDR in G1-arrested cells after a single DSB to a full response upon S-phase entry?
[ "16", "54", "34", "34", "55", "35", "43", "44", "56", "43", "44", "57", "58", "59", "60" ]
169
43,480
0
false
What are the mechanisms that control the transition from the limited activation of the DDR in G1-arrested cells after a single DSB to a full response upon S-phase entry?
[]
What are the mechanisms that control the transition from the limited activation of the DDR in G1-arrested cells after a single DSB to a full response upon S-phase entry?
true
true
true
true
true
7,526
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B54", "B34", "B34", "B55", "B35", "B43", "B44", "B56", "B43", "B44", "B57", "B58", "B59", "B60" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
DSB processing is significantly more efficient in S/G2 cells than in G1-arrested cells and controlled by CDK phosphorylation of Sae2 (16,54).
[ "16", "54", "34", "34", "55", "35", "43", "44", "56", "43", "44", "57", "58", "59", "60" ]
141
43,481
0
false
DSB processing is significantly more efficient in S/G2 cells than in G1-arrested cells and controlled by CDK phosphorylation of Sae2.
[ "16,54" ]
DSB processing is significantly more efficient in S/G2 cells than in G1-arrested cells and controlled by CDK phosphorylation of Sae2.
true
true
true
true
true
7,526
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B54", "B34", "B34", "B55", "B35", "B43", "B44", "B56", "B43", "B44", "B57", "B58", "B59", "B60" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
The accumulation of ssDNA leads to extensive RPA–ssDNA complexes that recruit more Mec1–Ddc2 kinase molecules and possibly 9-1-1 clamps (Supplementary Figure S2).
[ "16", "54", "34", "34", "55", "35", "43", "44", "56", "43", "44", "57", "58", "59", "60" ]
162
43,482
0
false
The accumulation of ssDNA leads to extensive RPA–ssDNA complexes that recruit more Mec1–Ddc2 kinase molecules and possibly 9-1-1 clamps (Supplementary Figure S2).
[]
The accumulation of ssDNA leads to extensive RPA–ssDNA complexes that recruit more Mec1–Ddc2 kinase molecules and possibly 9-1-1 clamps (Supplementary Figure S2).
true
true
true
true
true
7,526
3
DISCUSSION
1
34
[ "B16", "B54", "B34", "B34", "B55", "B35", "B43", "B44", "B56", "B43", "B44", "B57", "B58", "B59", "B60" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
This likely explains the threshold identified in G1 cells, where one, two, or three DSBs did not trigger Rad53 phosphorylation, but the addition of a fourth DSB caused Rad53 activation (34).
[ "16", "54", "34", "34", "55", "35", "43", "44", "56", "43", "44", "57", "58", "59", "60" ]
190
43,483
1
false
This likely explains the threshold identified in G1 cells, where one, two, or three DSBs did not trigger Rad53 phosphorylation, but the addition of a fourth DSB caused Rad53 activation.
[ "34" ]
This likely explains the threshold identified in G1 cells, where one, two, or three DSBs did not trigger Rad53 phosphorylation, but the addition of a fourth DSB caused Rad53 activation.
true
true
true
true
true
7,526
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B54", "B34", "B34", "B55", "B35", "B43", "B44", "B56", "B43", "B44", "B57", "B58", "B59", "B60" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
Physical assays detect limited DSB processing in G1-arrested cells (34,55).
[ "16", "54", "34", "34", "55", "35", "43", "44", "56", "43", "44", "57", "58", "59", "60" ]
75
43,484
0
false
Physical assays detect limited DSB processing in G1-arrested cells.
[ "34,55" ]
Physical assays detect limited DSB processing in G1-arrested cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,526
3
DISCUSSION
1
35
[ "B16", "B54", "B34", "B34", "B55", "B35", "B43", "B44", "B56", "B43", "B44", "B57", "B58", "B59", "B60" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
A proportion of such cells also contained RPA1 foci, another indication of DSB processing (35).
[ "16", "54", "34", "34", "55", "35", "43", "44", "56", "43", "44", "57", "58", "59", "60" ]
95
43,485
1
false
A proportion of such cells also contained RPA1 foci, another indication of DSB processing.
[ "35" ]
A proportion of such cells also contained RPA1 foci, another indication of DSB processing.
true
true
true
true
true
7,526
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B54", "B34", "B34", "B55", "B35", "B43", "B44", "B56", "B43", "B44", "B57", "B58", "B59", "B60" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
Our observation that RPA2 is phosphorylated under these conditions is consistent with Mec1 being active at a processed DSB.
[ "16", "54", "34", "34", "55", "35", "43", "44", "56", "43", "44", "57", "58", "59", "60" ]
123
43,486
0
false
Our observation that RPA2 is phosphorylated under these conditions is consistent with Mec1 being active at a processed DSB.
[]
Our observation that RPA2 is phosphorylated under these conditions is consistent with Mec1 being active at a processed DSB.
true
true
true
true
true
7,526
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B54", "B34", "B34", "B55", "B35", "B43", "B44", "B56", "B43", "B44", "B57", "B58", "B59", "B60" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
However, this mechanism does not explain why in G1 cells with a single DSB Mec1 kinase signaling is not transmitted to the effector kinases.
[ "16", "54", "34", "34", "55", "35", "43", "44", "56", "43", "44", "57", "58", "59", "60" ]
140
43,487
0
false
However, this mechanism does not explain why in G1 cells with a single DSB Mec1 kinase signaling is not transmitted to the effector kinases.
[]
However, this mechanism does not explain why in G1 cells with a single DSB Mec1 kinase signaling is not transmitted to the effector kinases.
true
true
true
true
true
7,526
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B54", "B34", "B34", "B55", "B35", "B43", "B44", "B56", "B43", "B44", "B57", "B58", "B59", "B60" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
It is interesting to note that Ddc1 and Ddc2 are not phosphorylated under these conditions (Figure 4B).
[ "16", "54", "34", "34", "55", "35", "43", "44", "56", "43", "44", "57", "58", "59", "60" ]
103
43,488
0
false
It is interesting to note that Ddc1 and Ddc2 are not phosphorylated under these conditions (Figure 4B).
[]
It is interesting to note that Ddc1 and Ddc2 are not phosphorylated under these conditions (Figure 4B).
true
true
true
true
true
7,526
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B54", "B34", "B34", "B55", "B35", "B43", "B44", "B56", "B43", "B44", "B57", "B58", "B59", "B60" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
Both proteins are direct targets of Mec1 and phosphorylated during a normal S-phase and after DNA damage induction in a Rad53-independent fashion (43,44,56).
[ "16", "54", "34", "34", "55", "35", "43", "44", "56", "43", "44", "57", "58", "59", "60" ]
157
43,489
0
false
Both proteins are direct targets of Mec1 and phosphorylated during a normal S-phase and after DNA damage induction in a Rad53-independent fashion.
[ "43,44,56" ]
Both proteins are direct targets of Mec1 and phosphorylated during a normal S-phase and after DNA damage induction in a Rad53-independent fashion.
true
true
true
true
true
7,526
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B54", "B34", "B34", "B55", "B35", "B43", "B44", "B56", "B43", "B44", "B57", "B58", "B59", "B60" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
The critical difference between these studies and our work is that Ddc1 and Ddc2 phosphorylation were observed under conditions (S-phase + UV, G2+UV) that led to full induction of the signaling cascade including Rad53 activation (43,44), unlike the limited induction in G1 cells with a single DSB used here.
[ "16", "54", "34", "34", "55", "35", "43", "44", "56", "43", "44", "57", "58", "59", "60" ]
307
43,490
0
false
The critical difference between these studies and our work is that Ddc1 and Ddc2 phosphorylation were observed under conditions (S-phase + UV, G2+UV) that led to full induction of the signaling cascade including Rad53 activation, unlike the limited induction in G1 cells with a single DSB used here.
[ "43,44" ]
The critical difference between these studies and our work is that Ddc1 and Ddc2 phosphorylation were observed under conditions (S-phase + UV, G2+UV) that led to full induction of the signaling cascade including Rad53 activation, unlike the limited induction in G1 cells with a single DSB used here.
true
true
true
true
true
7,526
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B54", "B34", "B34", "B55", "B35", "B43", "B44", "B56", "B43", "B44", "B57", "B58", "B59", "B60" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
Dpb11 is an essential replication protein that functions in the S-M checkpoint to activate Mec1 directly or in conjunction with the 911 clamp (57,58).
[ "16", "54", "34", "34", "55", "35", "43", "44", "56", "43", "44", "57", "58", "59", "60" ]
150
43,491
0
false
Dpb11 is an essential replication protein that functions in the S-M checkpoint to activate Mec1 directly or in conjunction with the 911 clamp.
[ "57,58" ]
Dpb11 is an essential replication protein that functions in the S-M checkpoint to activate Mec1 directly or in conjunction with the 911 clamp.
true
true
true
true
true
7,526
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B54", "B34", "B34", "B55", "B35", "B43", "B44", "B56", "B43", "B44", "B57", "B58", "B59", "B60" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
Phosphorylation recruits Dpb11, a mechanism conserved in fission yeast (59,60).
[ "16", "54", "34", "34", "55", "35", "43", "44", "56", "43", "44", "57", "58", "59", "60" ]
79
43,492
0
false
Phosphorylation recruits Dpb11, a mechanism conserved in fission yeast.
[ "59,60" ]
Phosphorylation recruits Dpb11, a mechanism conserved in fission yeast.
true
true
true
true
true
7,526
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B54", "B34", "B34", "B55", "B35", "B43", "B44", "B56", "B43", "B44", "B57", "B58", "B59", "B60" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
The absence of Ddc1 phosphorylation in G1-arrested cells with a single DSB and the association of Dpb11 with the replication fork suggest that Dpb11 is not involved.
[ "16", "54", "34", "34", "55", "35", "43", "44", "56", "43", "44", "57", "58", "59", "60" ]
165
43,493
0
false
The absence of Ddc1 phosphorylation in G1-arrested cells with a single DSB and the association of Dpb11 with the replication fork suggest that Dpb11 is not involved.
[]
The absence of Ddc1 phosphorylation in G1-arrested cells with a single DSB and the association of Dpb11 with the replication fork suggest that Dpb11 is not involved.
true
true
true
true
true
7,526
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B54", "B34", "B34", "B55", "B35", "B43", "B44", "B56", "B43", "B44", "B57", "B58", "B59", "B60" ]
20,061,370
pmid-18166982|pmid-15369670|pmid-9159392|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-10825202|pmid-16966380|pmid-15496928|NA|pmid-18511906|pmid-18511906|pmid-12453425|pmid-18406328|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-10559981|pmid-10950868|pmid-9670034|pmid-18922789|pmid-19028869|pmid-18541674|pmid-15155581
We speculate that G1-specific mechanisms restrain signaling in response to a single DSB such as G1-specific phosphatases or inhibitors.
[ "16", "54", "34", "34", "55", "35", "43", "44", "56", "43", "44", "57", "58", "59", "60" ]
135
43,494
0
false
We speculate that G1-specific mechanisms restrain signaling in response to a single DSB such as G1-specific phosphatases or inhibitors.
[]
We speculate that G1-specific mechanisms restrain signaling in response to a single DSB such as G1-specific phosphatases or inhibitors.
true
true
true
true
true
7,526
4
DISCUSSION
1
15
[ "B15", "B16", "B34", "B35", "B35", "B61", "B62" ]
20,061,370
pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-18511906|pmid-18406328|pmid-18406328|pmid-11904430|pmid-12556502
Consistent with previous observations (15,16,34,35), Rad53 (as well as the Dun1 and Chk1) is not detectably activated by a single HO-mediated DSB in G1-arrested cells.
[ "15", "16", "34", "35", "35", "61", "62" ]
167
43,495
0
false
Consistent with previous observations, Rad53 (as well as the Dun1 and Chk1) is not detectably activated by a single HO-mediated DSB in G1-arrested cells.
[ "15,16,34,35" ]
Consistent with previous observations, Rad53 is not detectably activated by a single HO-mediated DSB in G1-arrested cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,527
4
DISCUSSION
1
15
[ "B15", "B16", "B34", "B35", "B35", "B61", "B62" ]
20,061,370
pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-18511906|pmid-18406328|pmid-18406328|pmid-11904430|pmid-12556502
It is impossible to distinguish whether these kinases are truly not activated or activated to low level that eludes detection by the standard assays employed here and in the other studies.
[ "15", "16", "34", "35", "35", "61", "62" ]
188
43,496
0
false
It is impossible to distinguish whether these kinases are truly not activated or activated to low level that eludes detection by the standard assays employed here and in the other studies.
[]
It is impossible to distinguish whether these kinases are truly not activated or activated to low level that eludes detection by the standard assays employed here and in the other studies.
true
true
true
true
true
7,527
4
DISCUSSION
1
15
[ "B15", "B16", "B34", "B35", "B35", "B61", "B62" ]
20,061,370
pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-18511906|pmid-18406328|pmid-18406328|pmid-11904430|pmid-12556502
Barlow et al.
[ "15", "16", "34", "35", "35", "61", "62" ]
13
43,497
0
false
Barlow et al.
[]
Barlow et al.
true
true
true
true
true
7,527
4
DISCUSSION
1
35
[ "B15", "B16", "B34", "B35", "B35", "B61", "B62" ]
20,061,370
pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-18511906|pmid-18406328|pmid-18406328|pmid-11904430|pmid-12556502
(35) observed that the ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor Sml1 was degraded in 20% of G1-arrested cells experiencing a single I-SceI induced DSB without detectable Rad53 activation, leading the authors to suggest that Sml1 degradation was a more sensitive measure of DDR activation than Rad53 kinase activation.
[ "15", "16", "34", "35", "35", "61", "62" ]
311
43,498
1
false
observed that the ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor Sml1 was degraded in 20% of G1-arrested cells experiencing a single I-SceI induced DSB without detectable Rad53 activation, leading the authors to suggest that Sml1 degradation was a more sensitive measure of DDR activation than Rad53 kinase activation.
[ "35" ]
observed that the ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor Sml1 was degraded in 20% of G1-arrested cells experiencing a single I-SceI induced DSB without detectable Rad53 activation, leading the authors to suggest that Sml1 degradation was a more sensitive measure of DDR activation than Rad53 kinase activation.
false
true
true
true
false
7,527
4
DISCUSSION
1
61
[ "B15", "B16", "B34", "B35", "B35", "B61", "B62" ]
20,061,370
pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-18511906|pmid-18406328|pmid-18406328|pmid-11904430|pmid-12556502
Degradation of Sml1 is triggered by phosphorylation by Dun1 kinase (61), but it is possible that in G1-arrested cells also Mec1 kinase targets Sml1.
[ "15", "16", "34", "35", "35", "61", "62" ]
148
43,499
1
false
Degradation of Sml1 is triggered by phosphorylation by Dun1 kinase, but it is possible that in G1-arrested cells also Mec1 kinase targets Sml1.
[ "61" ]
Degradation of Sml1 is triggered by phosphorylation by Dun1 kinase, but it is possible that in G1-arrested cells also Mec1 kinase targets Sml1.
true
true
true
true
true
7,527
4
DISCUSSION
1
62
[ "B15", "B16", "B34", "B35", "B35", "B61", "B62" ]
20,061,370
pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-18511906|pmid-18406328|pmid-18406328|pmid-11904430|pmid-12556502
In addition, there is evidence that Dun1 can be activated in Rad53-independent fashion (62).
[ "15", "16", "34", "35", "35", "61", "62" ]
92
43,500
1
false
In addition, there is evidence that Dun1 can be activated in Rad53-independent fashion.
[ "62" ]
In addition, there is evidence that Dun1 can be activated in Rad53-independent fashion.
true
true
true
true
true
7,527
4
DISCUSSION
1
15
[ "B15", "B16", "B34", "B35", "B35", "B61", "B62" ]
20,061,370
pmid-11239458|pmid-15496928|pmid-18511906|pmid-18406328|pmid-18406328|pmid-11904430|pmid-12556502
Collectively, these observations provide evidence that DNA-damage-signaling in G1 cells is different from other phases of the cell cycle, whether this involves no kinase activation downstream of Mec1 (as suggested in Supplementary Figure S2) or a low level of activation of the effector kinases (not detectable by the pr...
[ "15", "16", "34", "35", "35", "61", "62" ]
366
43,501
0
false
Collectively, these observations provide evidence that DNA-damage-signaling in G1 cells is different from other phases of the cell cycle, whether this involves no kinase activation downstream of Mec1 (as suggested in Supplementary Figure S2) or a low level of activation of the effector kinases (not detectable by the pr...
[]
Collectively, these observations provide evidence that DNA-damage-signaling in G1 cells is different from other phases of the cell cycle, whether this involves no kinase activation downstream of Mec1 (as suggested in Supplementary Figure S2) or a low level of activation of the effector kinases (not detectable by the pr...
true
true
true
true
true
7,527
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4" ]
20,532,126
pmid-9067487|NA|pmid-8134923|pmid-17521147|pmid-12520400|pmid-9175843|NA|NA|pmid-12850100|NA
The polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) including penta-BDE and deca-BDE (Fig.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4" ]
81
43,502
0
false
The polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) including penta-BDE and deca-BDE (Fig.
[]
The polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) including penta-BDE and deca-BDE (Fig.
true
true
true
true
true
7,528
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4" ]
20,532,126
pmid-9067487|NA|pmid-8134923|pmid-17521147|pmid-12520400|pmid-9175843|NA|NA|pmid-12850100|NA
1) are used in household plastic products, such as, children's toys, textiles, electronic, and furniture.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4" ]
105
43,503
0
false
1) are used in household plastic products, such as, children's toys, textiles, electronic, and furniture.
[]
1) are used in household plastic products, such as, children's toys, textiles, electronic, and furniture.
false
false
true
true
false
7,528
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4" ]
20,532,126
pmid-9067487|NA|pmid-8134923|pmid-17521147|pmid-12520400|pmid-9175843|NA|NA|pmid-12850100|NA
Toxic effects of surrounding PBDEs on animals and human have been reported, and exposure to PBDEs as endocrine disruptors produces reproductive, developmental, and teratogenic toxicity, alterations in the thyroid hormone status, hepatotoxicity, teratogenicity, carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity, and immunotoxicity.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4" ]
312
43,504
0
false
Toxic effects of surrounding PBDEs on animals and human have been reported, and exposure to PBDEs as endocrine disruptors produces reproductive, developmental, and teratogenic toxicity, alterations in the thyroid hormone status, hepatotoxicity, teratogenicity, carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity, and immunotoxicity.
[]
Toxic effects of surrounding PBDEs on animals and human have been reported, and exposure to PBDEs as endocrine disruptors produces reproductive, developmental, and teratogenic toxicity, alterations in the thyroid hormone status, hepatotoxicity, teratogenicity, carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity, and immunotoxicity.
true
true
true
true
true
7,528
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4" ]
20,532,126
pmid-9067487|NA|pmid-8134923|pmid-17521147|pmid-12520400|pmid-9175843|NA|NA|pmid-12850100|NA
In recent, several studies demonstrating the immunotoxic effects of PBDEs on the development of immune system have been conducted.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4" ]
130
43,505
0
false
In recent, several studies demonstrating the immunotoxic effects of PBDEs on the development of immune system have been conducted.
[]
In recent, several studies demonstrating the immunotoxic effects of PBDEs on the development of immune system have been conducted.
true
true
true
true
true
7,528
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4" ]
20,532,126
pmid-9067487|NA|pmid-8134923|pmid-17521147|pmid-12520400|pmid-9175843|NA|NA|pmid-12850100|NA
The main findings published so far are changes in liver weight accompanied by histological alterations in animals given relatively large doses (1).
[ "1", "2", "3", "4" ]
147
43,506
1
false
The main findings published so far are changes in liver weight accompanied by histological alterations in animals given relatively large doses.
[ "1" ]
The main findings published so far are changes in liver weight accompanied by histological alterations in animals given relatively large doses.
true
true
true
true
true
7,528
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4" ]
20,532,126
pmid-9067487|NA|pmid-8134923|pmid-17521147|pmid-12520400|pmid-9175843|NA|NA|pmid-12850100|NA
In mice, the exposure of animals to PBDEs reduced the total number of splenocytes as well as splenic CD45R+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4" ]
129
43,507
0
false
In mice, the exposure of animals to PBDEs reduced the total number of splenocytes as well as splenic CD45R+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells.
[]
In mice, the exposure of animals to PBDEs reduced the total number of splenocytes as well as splenic CD45R+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,528
0
INTRODUCTION
1
2
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4" ]
20,532,126
pmid-9067487|NA|pmid-8134923|pmid-17521147|pmid-12520400|pmid-9175843|NA|NA|pmid-12850100|NA
IgG production in vitro by splenocytes from mice exposed to PBDE was significantly lower (2).
[ "1", "2", "3", "4" ]
93
43,508
1
false
IgG production in vitro by splenocytes from mice exposed to PBDE was significantly lower.
[ "2" ]
IgG production in vitro by splenocytes from mice exposed to PBDE was significantly lower.
true
true
true
true
true
7,528
0
INTRODUCTION
1
3
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4" ]
20,532,126
pmid-9067487|NA|pmid-8134923|pmid-17521147|pmid-12520400|pmid-9175843|NA|NA|pmid-12850100|NA
Significant suppression of the anti-sheep red blood cell response was shown only in mice exposed subchronically to PBDE and also PBDE exposure resulted in decreased thymus weight (3).
[ "1", "2", "3", "4" ]
183
43,509
1
false
Significant suppression of the anti-sheep red blood cell response was shown only in mice exposed subchronically to PBDE and also PBDE exposure resulted in decreased thymus weight.
[ "3" ]
Significant suppression of the anti-sheep red blood cell response was shown only in mice exposed subchronically to PBDE and also PBDE exposure resulted in decreased thymus weight.
true
true
true
true
true
7,528
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4" ]
20,532,126
pmid-9067487|NA|pmid-8134923|pmid-17521147|pmid-12520400|pmid-9175843|NA|NA|pmid-12850100|NA
In immunotoxicity of PBDEs on twenty-week-old mink, mink given 5 and 10 ppm treatments exhibited significantly increased production of antibody compared to control mink.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4" ]
169
43,510
0
false
In immunotoxicity of PBDEs on twenty-week-old mink, mink given 5 and 10 ppm treatments exhibited significantly increased production of antibody compared to control mink.
[]
In immunotoxicity of PBDEs on twenty-week-old mink, mink given 5 and 10 ppm treatments exhibited significantly increased production of antibody compared to control mink.
true
true
true
true
true
7,528
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4" ]
20,532,126
pmid-9067487|NA|pmid-8134923|pmid-17521147|pmid-12520400|pmid-9175843|NA|NA|pmid-12850100|NA
Spleens of mink exposed to 10 ppm of the pentabrominated diphenyl ether mixture, DE-71, had significantly increased germinal center development and incidence of B-cell hyperplasia.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4" ]
180
43,511
0
false
Spleens of mink exposed to 10 ppm of the pentabrominated diphenyl ether mixture, DE-71, had significantly increased germinal center development and incidence of B-cell hyperplasia.
[]
Spleens of mink exposed to 10 ppm of the pentabrominated diphenyl ether mixture, DE-71, had significantly increased germinal center development and incidence of B-cell hyperplasia.
true
true
true
true
true
7,528
0
INTRODUCTION
1
4
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4" ]
20,532,126
pmid-9067487|NA|pmid-8134923|pmid-17521147|pmid-12520400|pmid-9175843|NA|NA|pmid-12850100|NA
The change on hematocrit, increase of percentage neutrophils and decrease of percentage were shown (4).
[ "1", "2", "3", "4" ]
103
43,512
1
false
The change on hematocrit, increase of percentage neutrophils and decrease of percentage were shown.
[ "4" ]
The change on hematocrit, increase of percentage neutrophils and decrease of percentage were shown.
true
true
true
true
true
7,528
1
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
20,532,126
null
These studies were undertaken to examine the immunological effects of penta-BDE and deca-BDE on the immune system of the dams.
null
126
43,513
0
false
null
null
These studies were undertaken to examine the immunological effects of penta-BDE and deca-BDE on the immune system of the dams.
true
true
true
true
true
7,529
1
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
20,532,126
null
Moreover, it was addressed whether exposure to penta-BDE or deca-BDE on the dams affected on the developmental immune system of the offsprings in this study.
null
157
43,514
0
false
null
null
Moreover, it was addressed whether exposure to penta-BDE or deca-BDE on the dams affected on the developmental immune system of the offsprings in this study.
true
true
true
true
true
7,529
0
DISCUSSION
1
5
[ "B5", "B9", "B10", "B12", "B13", "B14" ]
20,532,126
pmid-9067487|NA|pmid-8134923|pmid-17521147|pmid-12520400|pmid-9175843|NA|NA|pmid-12850100|NA
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been used as a flame retardant.
[ "5", "9", "10", "12", "13", "14" ]
75
43,515
0
false
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been used as a flame retardant.
[]
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been used as a flame retardant.
true
true
true
true
true
7,530
0
DISCUSSION
1
5
[ "B5", "B9", "B10", "B12", "B13", "B14" ]
20,532,126
pmid-9067487|NA|pmid-8134923|pmid-17521147|pmid-12520400|pmid-9175843|NA|NA|pmid-12850100|NA
PBDEs have similar chemical structure to PCBs and dioxins with many similar chemical characteristics, and so have been suspected of being hazardous to humans, endocrine disruptors, etc (5-9).
[ "5", "9", "10", "12", "13", "14" ]
191
43,516
0
false
PBDEs have similar chemical structure to PCBs and dioxins with many similar chemical characteristics, and so have been suspected of being hazardous to humans, endocrine disruptors, etc.
[ "5-9" ]
PBDEs have similar chemical structure to PCBs and dioxins with many similar chemical characteristics, and so have been suspected of being hazardous to humans, endocrine disruptors, etc.
true
true
true
true
true
7,530
0
DISCUSSION
1
5
[ "B5", "B9", "B10", "B12", "B13", "B14" ]
20,532,126
pmid-9067487|NA|pmid-8134923|pmid-17521147|pmid-12520400|pmid-9175843|NA|NA|pmid-12850100|NA
While penta-BDE has been banned in E.U.
[ "5", "9", "10", "12", "13", "14" ]
39
43,517
0
false
While penta-BDE has been banned in E.U.
[]
While penta-BDE has been banned in E.U.
true
true
true
true
true
7,530
0
DISCUSSION
1
13
[ "B5", "B9", "B10", "B12", "B13", "B14" ]
20,532,126
pmid-9067487|NA|pmid-8134923|pmid-17521147|pmid-12520400|pmid-9175843|NA|NA|pmid-12850100|NA
nations and in California because of greatest bioavailable concentrations in the environment (10-12), deca-BDE mixture makes up over 80% of the global PBDE market (13).
[ "5", "9", "10", "12", "13", "14" ]
168
43,518
1
false
nations and in California because of greatest bioavailable concentrations in the environment, deca-BDE mixture makes up over 80% of the global PBDE market.
[ "10-12", "13" ]
nations and in California because of greatest bioavailable concentrations in the environment, deca-BDE mixture makes up over 80% of the global PBDE market.
false
true
true
true
false
7,530