Datasets:
vgainullin
/
xciting_data

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
 Community
1
paragraph_index
int64
sec
string
p_has_citation
int64
cites
string
citeids
list
pmid
int64
cited_id
string
sentences
string
all_sent_cites
list
sent_len
int64
sentence_batch_index
int64
sent_has_citation
float64
qc_fail
bool
cited_sentence
string
cites_in_sentence
list
cln_sentence
string
is_cap
bool
is_alpha
bool
ends_wp
bool
cit_qc
bool
lgtm
bool
__index_level_0__
int64
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "R1", "R11", "R10", "R15", "R2", "R19", "R30", "R32", "R29", "R32", "R33" ]
20,498,698
NA|pmid-3955316|pmid-6850176|pmid-18055019|NA|pmid-9122299|pmid-2237610|pmid-8339539|pmid-2346832|pmid-8339539|pmid-15300371
Different validation coefficients have been reported for the SRQ-20 in these countries [1, 11].
[ "1", "11", "10", "15", "2", "19", "30", "32", "29", "32", "33" ]
95
43,819
0
false
Different validation coefficients have been reported for the SRQ-20 in these countries.
[ "1, 11" ]
Different validation coefficients have been reported for the SRQ-20 in these countries.
true
true
true
true
true
7,581
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "R1", "R11", "R10", "R15", "R2", "R19", "R30", "R32", "R29", "R32", "R33" ]
20,498,698
NA|pmid-3955316|pmid-6850176|pmid-18055019|NA|pmid-9122299|pmid-2237610|pmid-8339539|pmid-2346832|pmid-8339539|pmid-15300371
A study in Kenya validated SRQ against the Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS) and reported specificity of 93.3% and specificity of 89.2%
[ "1", "11", "10", "15", "2", "19", "30", "32", "29", "32", "33" ]
135
43,820
0
false
A study in Kenya validated SRQ against the Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS) and reported specificity of 93.3% and specificity of 89.2%
[]
A study in Kenya validated SRQ against the Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS) and reported specificity of 93.3% and specificity of 89.2%
true
true
false
true
false
7,581
1
DISCUSSION
1
10
[ "R1", "R11", "R10", "R15", "R2", "R19", "R30", "R32", "R29", "R32", "R33" ]
20,498,698
NA|pmid-3955316|pmid-6850176|pmid-18055019|NA|pmid-9122299|pmid-2237610|pmid-8339539|pmid-2346832|pmid-8339539|pmid-15300371
[10], while a study in Ethiopia reported a sensitivity range of 68.4%-85.7% and specificity ranging between 62%-75.6% when they validated the SRQ against the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS)
[ "1", "11", "10", "15", "2", "19", "30", "32", "29", "32", "33" ]
201
43,821
1
false
, while a study in Ethiopia reported a sensitivity range of 68.4%-85.7% and specificity ranging between 62%-75.6% when they validated the SRQ against the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS)
[ "10" ]
, while a study in Ethiopia reported a sensitivity range of 68.4%-85.7% and specificity ranging between 62%-75.6% when they validated the SRQ against the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS)
false
false
false
true
false
7,581
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "R1", "R11", "R10", "R15", "R2", "R19", "R30", "R32", "R29", "R32", "R33" ]
20,498,698
NA|pmid-3955316|pmid-6850176|pmid-18055019|NA|pmid-9122299|pmid-2237610|pmid-8339539|pmid-2346832|pmid-8339539|pmid-15300371
In our study we found very high correlation coefficient between SRQ-10 and SRQ-20 with similarly high validation coefficients.
[ "1", "11", "10", "15", "2", "19", "30", "32", "29", "32", "33" ]
126
43,822
0
false
In our study we found very high correlation coefficient between SRQ-10 and SRQ-20 with similarly high validation coefficients.
[]
In our study we found very high correlation coefficient between SRQ-10 and SRQ-20 with similarly high validation coefficients.
true
true
true
true
true
7,581
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "R1", "R11", "R10", "R15", "R2", "R19", "R30", "R32", "R29", "R32", "R33" ]
20,498,698
NA|pmid-3955316|pmid-6850176|pmid-18055019|NA|pmid-9122299|pmid-2237610|pmid-8339539|pmid-2346832|pmid-8339539|pmid-15300371
The minor differences in the coefficients could be due to the use of different gold standards.
[ "1", "11", "10", "15", "2", "19", "30", "32", "29", "32", "33" ]
94
43,823
0
false
The minor differences in the coefficients could be due to the use of different gold standards.
[]
The minor differences in the coefficients could be due to the use of different gold standards.
true
true
true
true
true
7,581
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "R1", "R11", "R10", "R15", "R2", "R19", "R30", "R32", "R29", "R32", "R33" ]
20,498,698
NA|pmid-3955316|pmid-6850176|pmid-18055019|NA|pmid-9122299|pmid-2237610|pmid-8339539|pmid-2346832|pmid-8339539|pmid-15300371
It might also be attributed to the differing samples to which the instruments were applied.
[ "1", "11", "10", "15", "2", "19", "30", "32", "29", "32", "33" ]
91
43,824
0
false
It might also be attributed to the differing samples to which the instruments were applied.
[]
It might also be attributed to the differing samples to which the instruments were applied.
true
true
true
true
true
7,581
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "R1", "R11", "R10", "R15", "R2", "R19", "R30", "R32", "R29", "R32", "R33" ]
20,498,698
NA|pmid-3955316|pmid-6850176|pmid-18055019|NA|pmid-9122299|pmid-2237610|pmid-8339539|pmid-2346832|pmid-8339539|pmid-15300371
The validation coefficients reported here might also be somewhat higher because the study was conducted in an urban population with an average of education of 8 years and 50% of whom preferred English as the language of the interview.
[ "1", "11", "10", "15", "2", "19", "30", "32", "29", "32", "33" ]
234
43,825
0
false
The validation coefficients reported here might also be somewhat higher because the study was conducted in an urban population with an average of education of 8 years and 50% of whom preferred English as the language of the interview.
[]
The validation coefficients reported here might also be somewhat higher because the study was conducted in an urban population with an average of education of 8 years and 50% of whom preferred English as the language of the interview.
true
true
true
true
true
7,581
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "R1", "R11", "R10", "R15", "R2", "R19", "R30", "R32", "R29", "R32", "R33" ]
20,498,698
NA|pmid-3955316|pmid-6850176|pmid-18055019|NA|pmid-9122299|pmid-2237610|pmid-8339539|pmid-2346832|pmid-8339539|pmid-15300371
Comparison of the SRQ-10 and the GHQ-12 revealed a rather modest correlation coefficient despite GHQ-12 having acceptable validation coefficients.
[ "1", "11", "10", "15", "2", "19", "30", "32", "29", "32", "33" ]
146
43,826
0
false
Comparison of the SRQ-10 and the GHQ-12 revealed a rather modest correlation coefficient despite GHQ-12 having acceptable validation coefficients.
[]
Comparison of the SRQ-10 and the GHQ-12 revealed a rather modest correlation coefficient despite GHQ-12 having acceptable validation coefficients.
true
true
true
true
true
7,581
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "R1", "R11", "R10", "R15", "R2", "R19", "R30", "R32", "R29", "R32", "R33" ]
20,498,698
NA|pmid-3955316|pmid-6850176|pmid-18055019|NA|pmid-9122299|pmid-2237610|pmid-8339539|pmid-2346832|pmid-8339539|pmid-15300371
The validation coefficients we found were lower than those reported in other studies [2, 19].
[ "1", "11", "10", "15", "2", "19", "30", "32", "29", "32", "33" ]
93
43,827
0
false
The validation coefficients we found were lower than those reported in other studies.
[ "2, 19" ]
The validation coefficients we found were lower than those reported in other studies.
true
true
true
true
true
7,581
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "R1", "R11", "R10", "R15", "R2", "R19", "R30", "R32", "R29", "R32", "R33" ]
20,498,698
NA|pmid-3955316|pmid-6850176|pmid-18055019|NA|pmid-9122299|pmid-2237610|pmid-8339539|pmid-2346832|pmid-8339539|pmid-15300371
This could be attributed to the negative phasing of its items.
[ "1", "11", "10", "15", "2", "19", "30", "32", "29", "32", "33" ]
62
43,828
0
false
This could be attributed to the negative phasing of its items.
[]
This could be attributed to the negative phasing of its items.
true
true
true
true
true
7,581
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "R1", "R11", "R10", "R15", "R2", "R19", "R30", "R32", "R29", "R32", "R33" ]
20,498,698
NA|pmid-3955316|pmid-6850176|pmid-18055019|NA|pmid-9122299|pmid-2237610|pmid-8339539|pmid-2346832|pmid-8339539|pmid-15300371
Often the questions had to be rephrased several times for the respondent to understand.
[ "1", "11", "10", "15", "2", "19", "30", "32", "29", "32", "33" ]
87
43,829
0
false
Often the questions had to be rephrased several times for the respondent to understand.
[]
Often the questions had to be rephrased several times for the respondent to understand.
true
true
true
true
true
7,581
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "R1", "R11", "R10", "R15", "R2", "R19", "R30", "R32", "R29", "R32", "R33" ]
20,498,698
NA|pmid-3955316|pmid-6850176|pmid-18055019|NA|pmid-9122299|pmid-2237610|pmid-8339539|pmid-2346832|pmid-8339539|pmid-15300371
The likert scale also proved to be confusing for the respondents and challenging to score for the research assistants.
[ "1", "11", "10", "15", "2", "19", "30", "32", "29", "32", "33" ]
118
43,830
0
false
The likert scale also proved to be confusing for the respondents and challenging to score for the research assistants.
[]
The likert scale also proved to be confusing for the respondents and challenging to score for the research assistants.
true
true
true
true
true
7,581
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "R1", "R11", "R10", "R15", "R2", "R19", "R30", "R32", "R29", "R32", "R33" ]
20,498,698
NA|pmid-3955316|pmid-6850176|pmid-18055019|NA|pmid-9122299|pmid-2237610|pmid-8339539|pmid-2346832|pmid-8339539|pmid-15300371
This challenge with scoring the GHQ-12 has also been reported by other authors who have questioned the best method of scoring [30-32] and the value of the using the likert scoring system [29, 32].
[ "1", "11", "10", "15", "2", "19", "30", "32", "29", "32", "33" ]
196
43,831
0
false
This challenge with scoring the GHQ-12 has also been reported by other authors who have questioned the best method of scoring and the value of the using the likert scoring system.
[ "30-32", "29, 32" ]
This challenge with scoring the GHQ-12 has also been reported by other authors who have questioned the best method of scoring and the value of the using the likert scoring system.
true
true
true
true
true
7,581
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "R1", "R11", "R10", "R15", "R2", "R19", "R30", "R32", "R29", "R32", "R33" ]
20,498,698
NA|pmid-3955316|pmid-6850176|pmid-18055019|NA|pmid-9122299|pmid-2237610|pmid-8339539|pmid-2346832|pmid-8339539|pmid-15300371
Another plausible reason is the cut off point we used for the GHQ-12.
[ "1", "11", "10", "15", "2", "19", "30", "32", "29", "32", "33" ]
69
43,832
0
false
Another plausible reason is the cut off point we used for the GHQ-12.
[]
Another plausible reason is the cut off point we used for the GHQ-12.
true
true
true
true
true
7,581
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "R1", "R11", "R10", "R15", "R2", "R19", "R30", "R32", "R29", "R32", "R33" ]
20,498,698
NA|pmid-3955316|pmid-6850176|pmid-18055019|NA|pmid-9122299|pmid-2237610|pmid-8339539|pmid-2346832|pmid-8339539|pmid-15300371
Although the cut off point we used is similar to that used in other studies, evidence suggests that using the median score as the cut off point is better than using the mean score or other predetermined cut off points, especially in population which are “GHQ naïve”
[ "1", "11", "10", "15", "2", "19", "30", "32", "29", "32", "33" ]
265
43,833
0
false
Although the cut off point we used is similar to that used in other studies, evidence suggests that using the median score as the cut off point is better than using the mean score or other predetermined cut off points, especially in population which are “GHQ naïve”
[]
Although the cut off point we used is similar to that used in other studies, evidence suggests that using the median score as the cut off point is better than using the mean score or other predetermined cut off points, especially in population which are “GHQ naïve”
true
true
false
true
false
7,581
2
DISCUSSION
1
11
[ "R11" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3955316
Broadly speaking, the validity coefficients did not seem to be affected by the socio-demographic factors as there were no statistically significant relationships noted.
[ "11" ]
168
43,834
0
false
Broadly speaking, the validity coefficients did not seem to be affected by the socio-demographic factors as there were no statistically significant relationships noted.
[]
Broadly speaking, the validity coefficients did not seem to be affected by the socio-demographic factors as there were no statistically significant relationships noted.
true
true
true
true
true
7,582
2
DISCUSSION
1
11
[ "R11" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3955316
It was therefore unnecessary to use a different cut off point for men and women.
[ "11" ]
80
43,835
0
false
It was therefore unnecessary to use a different cut off point for men and women.
[]
It was therefore unnecessary to use a different cut off point for men and women.
true
true
true
true
true
7,582
2
DISCUSSION
1
11
[ "R11" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3955316
These findings are different from some other studies that have suggested a higher false negative rate in men than in women attributed to the fact that expression of emotion would be stigmatizing among men [11].
[ "11" ]
210
43,836
1
false
These findings are different from some other studies that have suggested a higher false negative rate in men than in women attributed to the fact that expression of emotion would be stigmatizing among men.
[ "11" ]
These findings are different from some other studies that have suggested a higher false negative rate in men than in women attributed to the fact that expression of emotion would be stigmatizing among men.
true
true
true
true
true
7,582
3
DISCUSSION
1
21
[ "R21", "R22", "R29", "R29", "R34", "R1", "R12", "R35" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3224257|pmid-2245641|pmid-2346832|pmid-2346832|pmid-15276939|NA|pmid-9794021|NA
The SRQ-10 showed good criterion validity overall although a limited percentage of participants gave invalid answers to some items on somatic symptoms.
[ "21", "22", "29", "29", "34", "1", "12", "35" ]
151
43,837
0
false
The SRQ-10 showed good criterion validity overall although a limited percentage of participants gave invalid answers to some items on somatic symptoms.
[]
The SRQ-10 showed good criterion validity overall although a limited percentage of participants gave invalid answers to some items on somatic symptoms.
true
true
true
true
true
7,583
3
DISCUSSION
1
21
[ "R21", "R22", "R29", "R29", "R34", "R1", "R12", "R35" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3224257|pmid-2245641|pmid-2346832|pmid-2346832|pmid-15276939|NA|pmid-9794021|NA
Several reasons can be given to explain this but the most important seemed to be related to communication problems based on different conceptual meaning.
[ "21", "22", "29", "29", "34", "1", "12", "35" ]
153
43,838
0
false
Several reasons can be given to explain this but the most important seemed to be related to communication problems based on different conceptual meaning.
[]
Several reasons can be given to explain this but the most important seemed to be related to communication problems based on different conceptual meaning.
true
true
true
true
true
7,583
3
DISCUSSION
1
21
[ "R21", "R22", "R29", "R29", "R34", "R1", "R12", "R35" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3224257|pmid-2245641|pmid-2346832|pmid-2346832|pmid-15276939|NA|pmid-9794021|NA
Improvement of the translation and further adjustment tailored to culturally understandable concepts may solve this problem.
[ "21", "22", "29", "29", "34", "1", "12", "35" ]
124
43,839
0
false
Improvement of the translation and further adjustment tailored to culturally understandable concepts may solve this problem.
[]
Improvement of the translation and further adjustment tailored to culturally understandable concepts may solve this problem.
true
true
true
true
true
7,583
3
DISCUSSION
1
21
[ "R21", "R22", "R29", "R29", "R34", "R1", "R12", "R35" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3224257|pmid-2245641|pmid-2346832|pmid-2346832|pmid-15276939|NA|pmid-9794021|NA
Other studies have reported poor criterion validity possibly related to health seeking behavior of the clinic attendees, i.e.
[ "21", "22", "29", "29", "34", "1", "12", "35" ]
125
43,840
0
false
Other studies have reported poor criterion validity possibly related to health seeking behavior of the clinic attendees, i.e.
[]
Other studies have reported poor criterion validity possibly related to health seeking behavior of the clinic attendees, i.e.
true
true
true
true
true
7,583
3
DISCUSSION
1
21
[ "R21", "R22", "R29", "R29", "R34", "R1", "R12", "R35" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3224257|pmid-2245641|pmid-2346832|pmid-2346832|pmid-15276939|NA|pmid-9794021|NA
a tendency to give more yes-answers in an attempt to receive special attention, a medical certificate or in order to be “fast-tracked” along in the queue [21, 22].
[ "21", "22", "29", "29", "34", "1", "12", "35" ]
163
43,841
0
false
a tendency to give more yes-answers in an attempt to receive special attention, a medical certificate or in order to be “fast-tracked” along in the queue.
[ "21, 22" ]
a tendency to give more yes-answers in an attempt to receive special attention, a medical certificate or in order to be “fast-tracked” along in the queue.
false
true
true
true
false
7,583
3
DISCUSSION
1
21
[ "R21", "R22", "R29", "R29", "R34", "R1", "R12", "R35" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3224257|pmid-2245641|pmid-2346832|pmid-2346832|pmid-15276939|NA|pmid-9794021|NA
However, this was not revealed in our study.
[ "21", "22", "29", "29", "34", "1", "12", "35" ]
44
43,842
0
false
However, this was not revealed in our study.
[]
However, this was not revealed in our study.
true
true
true
true
true
7,583
3
DISCUSSION
1
21
[ "R21", "R22", "R29", "R29", "R34", "R1", "R12", "R35" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3224257|pmid-2245641|pmid-2346832|pmid-2346832|pmid-15276939|NA|pmid-9794021|NA
The anxiety items on the SRQ-20 appeared to have performed poorly, a finding that has also been reported in other studies as well.
[ "21", "22", "29", "29", "34", "1", "12", "35" ]
130
43,843
0
false
The anxiety items on the SRQ-20 appeared to have performed poorly, a finding that has also been reported in other studies as well.
[]
The anxiety items on the SRQ-20 appeared to have performed poorly, a finding that has also been reported in other studies as well.
true
true
true
true
true
7,583
3
DISCUSSION
1
21
[ "R21", "R22", "R29", "R29", "R34", "R1", "R12", "R35" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3224257|pmid-2245641|pmid-2346832|pmid-2346832|pmid-15276939|NA|pmid-9794021|NA
An investigation in Lesotho reported similar low reporting of anxiety symptoms due in part to poor understanding of the anxiety items.
[ "21", "22", "29", "29", "34", "1", "12", "35" ]
134
43,844
0
false
An investigation in Lesotho reported similar low reporting of anxiety symptoms due in part to poor understanding of the anxiety items.
[]
An investigation in Lesotho reported similar low reporting of anxiety symptoms due in part to poor understanding of the anxiety items.
true
true
true
true
true
7,583
3
DISCUSSION
1
29
[ "R21", "R22", "R29", "R29", "R34", "R1", "R12", "R35" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3224257|pmid-2245641|pmid-2346832|pmid-2346832|pmid-15276939|NA|pmid-9794021|NA
Respondents in this study tended to be moderately impaired by anxiety and often reported that they did not know what caused their symptoms [29].
[ "21", "22", "29", "29", "34", "1", "12", "35" ]
144
43,845
1
false
Respondents in this study tended to be moderately impaired by anxiety and often reported that they did not know what caused their symptoms.
[ "29" ]
Respondents in this study tended to be moderately impaired by anxiety and often reported that they did not know what caused their symptoms.
true
true
true
true
true
7,583
3
DISCUSSION
1
21
[ "R21", "R22", "R29", "R29", "R34", "R1", "R12", "R35" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3224257|pmid-2245641|pmid-2346832|pmid-2346832|pmid-15276939|NA|pmid-9794021|NA
It was suggested that understanding of these items can be enhanced by adjusting and translating the items into a locally palatable context.
[ "21", "22", "29", "29", "34", "1", "12", "35" ]
139
43,846
0
false
It was suggested that understanding of these items can be enhanced by adjusting and translating the items into a locally palatable context.
[]
It was suggested that understanding of these items can be enhanced by adjusting and translating the items into a locally palatable context.
true
true
true
true
true
7,583
3
DISCUSSION
1
21
[ "R21", "R22", "R29", "R29", "R34", "R1", "R12", "R35" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3224257|pmid-2245641|pmid-2346832|pmid-2346832|pmid-15276939|NA|pmid-9794021|NA
These anxiety items are however, not part of the SRQ-10 and the benefits of including them into the SRQ-10 were not immediately apparent.
[ "21", "22", "29", "29", "34", "1", "12", "35" ]
137
43,847
0
false
These anxiety items are however, not part of the SRQ-10 and the benefits of including them into the SRQ-10 were not immediately apparent.
[]
These anxiety items are however, not part of the SRQ-10 and the benefits of including them into the SRQ-10 were not immediately apparent.
true
true
true
true
true
7,583
3
DISCUSSION
1
21
[ "R21", "R22", "R29", "R29", "R34", "R1", "R12", "R35" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3224257|pmid-2245641|pmid-2346832|pmid-2346832|pmid-15276939|NA|pmid-9794021|NA
Literature has shown before that depressive disorders in Sub-Saharan Africa are more common than anxiety disorders
[ "21", "22", "29", "29", "34", "1", "12", "35" ]
114
43,848
0
false
Literature has shown before that depressive disorders in Sub-Saharan Africa are more common than anxiety disorders
[]
Literature has shown before that depressive disorders in Sub-Saharan Africa are more common than anxiety disorders
true
true
false
true
false
7,583
3
DISCUSSION
1
21
[ "R21", "R22", "R29", "R29", "R34", "R1", "R12", "R35" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3224257|pmid-2245641|pmid-2346832|pmid-2346832|pmid-15276939|NA|pmid-9794021|NA
This has been confirmed in our study.
[ "21", "22", "29", "29", "34", "1", "12", "35" ]
37
43,849
0
false
This has been confirmed in our study.
[]
This has been confirmed in our study.
true
true
true
true
true
7,583
3
DISCUSSION
1
21
[ "R21", "R22", "R29", "R29", "R34", "R1", "R12", "R35" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3224257|pmid-2245641|pmid-2346832|pmid-2346832|pmid-15276939|NA|pmid-9794021|NA
It has also been reported that generalized anxiety disorders presents mainly as a mixed syndrome with depressive features in developing countries.
[ "21", "22", "29", "29", "34", "1", "12", "35" ]
146
43,850
0
false
It has also been reported that generalized anxiety disorders presents mainly as a mixed syndrome with depressive features in developing countries.
[]
It has also been reported that generalized anxiety disorders presents mainly as a mixed syndrome with depressive features in developing countries.
true
true
true
true
true
7,583
3
DISCUSSION
1
21
[ "R21", "R22", "R29", "R29", "R34", "R1", "R12", "R35" ]
20,498,698
pmid-3224257|pmid-2245641|pmid-2346832|pmid-2346832|pmid-15276939|NA|pmid-9794021|NA
A simple assumption can therefore be made that the depressive items in the SRQ-10 will also capture cases of anxiety disorder [1, 12, 35].
[ "21", "22", "29", "29", "34", "1", "12", "35" ]
138
43,851
0
false
A simple assumption can therefore be made that the depressive items in the SRQ-10 will also capture cases of anxiety disorder.
[ "1, 12, 35" ]
A simple assumption can therefore be made that the depressive items in the SRQ-10 will also capture cases of anxiety disorder.
true
true
true
true
true
7,583
4
DISCUSSION
1
36
[ "R36", "R37" ]
20,498,698
pmid-14519614|NA
This study has limitations and strengths.
[ "36", "37" ]
41
43,852
0
false
This study has limitations and strengths.
[]
This study has limitations and strengths.
true
true
true
true
true
7,584
4
DISCUSSION
1
36
[ "R36", "R37" ]
20,498,698
pmid-14519614|NA
Participants were restricted to urban settings with relatively high education attainment compared to rural populations.
[ "36", "37" ]
119
43,853
0
false
Participants were restricted to urban settings with relatively high education attainment compared to rural populations.
[]
Participants were restricted to urban settings with relatively high education attainment compared to rural populations.
true
true
true
true
true
7,584
4
DISCUSSION
1
36
[ "R36", "R37" ]
20,498,698
pmid-14519614|NA
The external validity of the validation results might be difficult to judge.
[ "36", "37" ]
76
43,854
0
false
The external validity of the validation results might be difficult to judge.
[]
The external validity of the validation results might be difficult to judge.
true
true
true
true
true
7,584
4
DISCUSSION
1
36
[ "R36", "R37" ]
20,498,698
pmid-14519614|NA
However, the instrument seems to be rather robust and the findings were closely related to studies conducted in a variety of communities, and this gives an indication that these findings can be extrapolated to the national level and even above – to the regional level.
[ "36", "37" ]
268
43,855
0
false
However, the instrument seems to be rather robust and the findings were closely related to studies conducted in a variety of communities, and this gives an indication that these findings can be extrapolated to the national level and even above – to the regional level.
[]
However, the instrument seems to be rather robust and the findings were closely related to studies conducted in a variety of communities, and this gives an indication that these findings can be extrapolated to the national level and even above – to the regional level.
true
true
true
true
true
7,584
4
DISCUSSION
1
36
[ "R36", "R37" ]
20,498,698
pmid-14519614|NA
Furthermore, the sample size was relatively small and future validations should consider employing larger sample sizes.
[ "36", "37" ]
119
43,856
0
false
Furthermore, the sample size was relatively small and future validations should consider employing larger sample sizes.
[]
Furthermore, the sample size was relatively small and future validations should consider employing larger sample sizes.
true
true
true
true
true
7,584
4
DISCUSSION
1
36
[ "R36", "R37" ]
20,498,698
pmid-14519614|NA
The main strength of the study stems from the fact we were able to draw upon universally acceptable etic instruments (SRQ-20 &GHQ-12) which have been used extensively in various countries and cultural orientations as comparatives for the SRQ-10.
[ "36", "37" ]
245
43,857
0
false
The main strength of the study stems from the fact we were able to draw upon universally acceptable etic instruments (SRQ-20 &GHQ-12) which have been used extensively in various countries and cultural orientations as comparatives for the SRQ-10.
[]
The main strength of the study stems from the fact we were able to draw upon universally acceptable etic instruments (SRQ-20 &GHQ-12) which have been used extensively in various countries and cultural orientations as comparatives for the SRQ-10.
true
true
true
true
true
7,584
4
DISCUSSION
1
36
[ "R36", "R37" ]
20,498,698
pmid-14519614|NA
We also made an effort to strengthen the clinical and cultural validity via a standard translation and back-translation process and ensuring retention of the original meaning of the questions.
[ "36", "37" ]
192
43,858
0
false
We also made an effort to strengthen the clinical and cultural validity via a standard translation and back-translation process and ensuring retention of the original meaning of the questions.
[]
We also made an effort to strengthen the clinical and cultural validity via a standard translation and back-translation process and ensuring retention of the original meaning of the questions.
true
true
true
true
true
7,584
4
DISCUSSION
1
36
[ "R36", "R37" ]
20,498,698
pmid-14519614|NA
This process gave us reasonable confidence to use these instruments across cultures [36, 37].
[ "36", "37" ]
93
43,859
0
false
This process gave us reasonable confidence to use these instruments across cultures.
[ "36, 37" ]
This process gave us reasonable confidence to use these instruments across cultures.
true
true
true
true
true
7,584
4
DISCUSSION
1
36
[ "R36", "R37" ]
20,498,698
pmid-14519614|NA
We also adopted a concurrent nested mixed methods design which was a powerfull tool in illuminating the content validity of the SRQ-items, hence supplementing the overall strength of these results.
[ "36", "37" ]
197
43,860
0
false
We also adopted a concurrent nested mixed methods design which was a powerfull tool in illuminating the content validity of the SRQ-items, hence supplementing the overall strength of these results.
[]
We also adopted a concurrent nested mixed methods design which was a powerfull tool in illuminating the content validity of the SRQ-items, hence supplementing the overall strength of these results.
true
true
true
true
true
7,584
4
DISCUSSION
1
36
[ "R36", "R37" ]
20,498,698
pmid-14519614|NA
We believe therefore that these validation results can form a valid and reliable basis for further research in this field in the region.
[ "36", "37" ]
136
43,861
0
false
We believe therefore that these validation results can form a valid and reliable basis for further research in this field in the region.
[]
We believe therefore that these validation results can form a valid and reliable basis for further research in this field in the region.
true
true
true
true
true
7,584
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2" ]
18,710,880
NA|NA
In 2007, after 12 years of commercialization of genetically modified (GM) crops, the total accumulated land areas sown with GM plants have exceeded 690 millions hectares (1).
[ "1", "2" ]
174
43,862
1
false
In 2007, after 12 years of commercialization of genetically modified (GM) crops, the total accumulated land areas sown with GM plants have exceeded 690 millions hectares.
[ "1" ]
In 2007, after 12 years of commercialization of genetically modified (GM) crops, the total accumulated land areas sown with GM plants have exceeded 690 millions hectares.
true
true
true
true
true
7,585
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2" ]
18,710,880
NA|NA
Consequently, regulations concerning biotech products have been adopted by many countries, and these require traceability of GM products on the market.
[ "1", "2" ]
151
43,863
0
false
Consequently, regulations concerning biotech products have been adopted by many countries, and these require traceability of GM products on the market.
[]
Consequently, regulations concerning biotech products have been adopted by many countries, and these require traceability of GM products on the market.
true
true
true
true
true
7,585
0
INTRODUCTION
1
2
[ "B1", "B2" ]
18,710,880
NA|NA
Additionally, in some countries, compulsory labelling of products containing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) above a certain threshold has been introduced (2).
[ "1", "2" ]
165
43,864
1
false
Additionally, in some countries, compulsory labelling of products containing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) above a certain threshold has been introduced.
[ "2" ]
Additionally, in some countries, compulsory labelling of products containing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) above a certain threshold has been introduced.
true
true
true
true
true
7,585
1
INTRODUCTION
1
3
[ "B3", "B4", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10", "B12", "B3", "B13", "B14", "B6", "B8", "B9", "B12", "B6" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-12733008|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-18088429|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-11835531|pmid-15759736|pmid-12771226|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-17559227|pmid-12771226
Currently, methods based on PCR technology are implemented in GMO detection laboratories, which allow for specific identification and quantification of single GM organisms (3,4).
[ "3", "4", "5–12", "5–10", "12", "3", "13", "14", "6", "8", "9", "12", "6" ]
178
43,865
0
false
Currently, methods based on PCR technology are implemented in GMO detection laboratories, which allow for specific identification and quantification of single GM organisms.
[ "3,4" ]
Currently, methods based on PCR technology are implemented in GMO detection laboratories, which allow for specific identification and quantification of single GM organisms.
true
true
true
true
true
7,586
1
INTRODUCTION
1
3
[ "B3", "B4", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10", "B12", "B3", "B13", "B14", "B6", "B8", "B9", "B12", "B6" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-12733008|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-18088429|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-11835531|pmid-15759736|pmid-12771226|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-17559227|pmid-12771226
Not only the increasing presence of GMOs on the market but also their growing taxonomic (diverse taxon host plants) and biotechnological (diverse genetic constructs) diversity will render the current GMO testing strategies unmanageable both in terms of time and associated testing costs.
[ "3", "4", "5–12", "5–10", "12", "3", "13", "14", "6", "8", "9", "12", "6" ]
287
43,866
0
false
Not only the increasing presence of GMOs on the market but also their growing taxonomic (diverse taxon host plants) and biotechnological (diverse genetic constructs) diversity will render the current GMO testing strategies unmanageable both in terms of time and associated testing costs.
[]
Not only the increasing presence of GMOs on the market but also their growing taxonomic (diverse taxon host plants) and biotechnological (diverse genetic constructs) diversity will render the current GMO testing strategies unmanageable both in terms of time and associated testing costs.
true
true
true
true
true
7,586
1
INTRODUCTION
1
3
[ "B3", "B4", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10", "B12", "B3", "B13", "B14", "B6", "B8", "B9", "B12", "B6" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-12733008|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-18088429|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-11835531|pmid-15759736|pmid-12771226|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-17559227|pmid-12771226
Consequently, it is necessary to introduce new analytical technologies for high throughput GMO diagnostics.
[ "3", "4", "5–12", "5–10", "12", "3", "13", "14", "6", "8", "9", "12", "6" ]
107
43,867
0
false
Consequently, it is necessary to introduce new analytical technologies for high throughput GMO diagnostics.
[]
Consequently, it is necessary to introduce new analytical technologies for high throughput GMO diagnostics.
true
true
true
true
true
7,586
1
INTRODUCTION
1
5–12
[ "B3", "B4", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10", "B12", "B3", "B13", "B14", "B6", "B8", "B9", "B12", "B6" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-12733008|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-18088429|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-11835531|pmid-15759736|pmid-12771226|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-17559227|pmid-12771226
At the moment, the use of microarrays is the method of choice for multiplexing approaches in many fields of research and has already been applied to GMO diagnostics (5–12).
[ "3", "4", "5–12", "5–10", "12", "3", "13", "14", "6", "8", "9", "12", "6" ]
172
43,868
1
false
At the moment, the use of microarrays is the method of choice for multiplexing approaches in many fields of research and has already been applied to GMO diagnostics.
[ "5–12" ]
At the moment, the use of microarrays is the method of choice for multiplexing approaches in many fields of research and has already been applied to GMO diagnostics.
true
true
true
true
true
7,586
1
INTRODUCTION
1
3
[ "B3", "B4", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10", "B12", "B3", "B13", "B14", "B6", "B8", "B9", "B12", "B6" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-12733008|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-18088429|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-11835531|pmid-15759736|pmid-12771226|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-17559227|pmid-12771226
However, for the purpose of GMO detection and quantification, direct hybridization of the samples onto microarrays is not possible due to the high sensitivity of GMO target DNA copies needed.
[ "3", "4", "5–12", "5–10", "12", "3", "13", "14", "6", "8", "9", "12", "6" ]
191
43,869
0
false
However, for the purpose of GMO detection and quantification, direct hybridization of the samples onto microarrays is not possible due to the high sensitivity of GMO target DNA copies needed.
[]
However, for the purpose of GMO detection and quantification, direct hybridization of the samples onto microarrays is not possible due to the high sensitivity of GMO target DNA copies needed.
true
true
true
true
true
7,586
1
INTRODUCTION
1
3
[ "B3", "B4", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10", "B12", "B3", "B13", "B14", "B6", "B8", "B9", "B12", "B6" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-12733008|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-18088429|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-11835531|pmid-15759736|pmid-12771226|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-17559227|pmid-12771226
Therefore, an amplification step of the DNA targets is applied prior to hybridization on microarrays.
[ "3", "4", "5–12", "5–10", "12", "3", "13", "14", "6", "8", "9", "12", "6" ]
101
43,870
0
false
Therefore, an amplification step of the DNA targets is applied prior to hybridization on microarrays.
[]
Therefore, an amplification step of the DNA targets is applied prior to hybridization on microarrays.
true
true
true
true
true
7,586
1
INTRODUCTION
1
3
[ "B3", "B4", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10", "B12", "B3", "B13", "B14", "B6", "B8", "B9", "B12", "B6" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-12733008|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-18088429|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-11835531|pmid-15759736|pmid-12771226|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-17559227|pmid-12771226
PCR technology has thus far, generally, been used for this purpose (5–10,12).
[ "3", "4", "5–12", "5–10", "12", "3", "13", "14", "6", "8", "9", "12", "6" ]
77
43,871
0
false
PCR technology has thus far, generally, been used for this purpose.
[ "5–10,12" ]
PCR technology has thus far, generally, been used for this purpose.
true
true
true
true
true
7,586
1
INTRODUCTION
1
3
[ "B3", "B4", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10", "B12", "B3", "B13", "B14", "B6", "B8", "B9", "B12", "B6" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-12733008|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-18088429|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-11835531|pmid-15759736|pmid-12771226|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-17559227|pmid-12771226
However, high-throughput analysis using microarray hybridization may suffer from lack of a true multiplexing solutions for PCR technology due to the number of competitive amplification reactions with different efficiencies (3,13,14).
[ "3", "4", "5–12", "5–10", "12", "3", "13", "14", "6", "8", "9", "12", "6" ]
233
43,872
0
false
However, high-throughput analysis using microarray hybridization may suffer from lack of a true multiplexing solutions for PCR technology due to the number of competitive amplification reactions with different efficiencies.
[ "3,13,14" ]
However, high-throughput analysis using microarray hybridization may suffer from lack of a true multiplexing solutions for PCR technology due to the number of competitive amplification reactions with different efficiencies.
true
true
true
true
true
7,586
1
INTRODUCTION
1
3
[ "B3", "B4", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10", "B12", "B3", "B13", "B14", "B6", "B8", "B9", "B12", "B6" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-12733008|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-18088429|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-11835531|pmid-15759736|pmid-12771226|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-17559227|pmid-12771226
To proceed to the microarray-based analysis, one still needs to use a set-up of multiple PCR reactions; one for each of the PCR assays targeting only a few particular genetic elements (6,8,9,12).
[ "3", "4", "5–12", "5–10", "12", "3", "13", "14", "6", "8", "9", "12", "6" ]
195
43,873
0
false
To proceed to the microarray-based analysis, one still needs to use a set-up of multiple PCR reactions; one for each of the PCR assays targeting only a few particular genetic elements.
[ "6,8,9,12" ]
To proceed to the microarray-based analysis, one still needs to use a set-up of multiple PCR reactions; one for each of the PCR assays targeting only a few particular genetic elements.
true
true
true
true
true
7,586
1
INTRODUCTION
1
3
[ "B3", "B4", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10", "B12", "B3", "B13", "B14", "B6", "B8", "B9", "B12", "B6" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-12733008|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-18088429|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-11835531|pmid-15759736|pmid-12771226|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-17559227|pmid-12771226
As a consequence to such a set-up, the cost and time associated with GMO analyses increase.
[ "3", "4", "5–12", "5–10", "12", "3", "13", "14", "6", "8", "9", "12", "6" ]
91
43,874
0
false
As a consequence to such a set-up, the cost and time associated with GMO analyses increase.
[]
As a consequence to such a set-up, the cost and time associated with GMO analyses increase.
true
true
true
true
true
7,586
1
INTRODUCTION
1
3
[ "B3", "B4", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10", "B12", "B3", "B13", "B14", "B6", "B8", "B9", "B12", "B6" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-12733008|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-18088429|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-11835531|pmid-15759736|pmid-12771226|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-17559227|pmid-12771226
Furthermore, the accuracy of end-point PCR technology has its limits due to the exponential nature of amplification.
[ "3", "4", "5–12", "5–10", "12", "3", "13", "14", "6", "8", "9", "12", "6" ]
116
43,875
0
false
Furthermore, the accuracy of end-point PCR technology has its limits due to the exponential nature of amplification.
[]
Furthermore, the accuracy of end-point PCR technology has its limits due to the exponential nature of amplification.
true
true
true
true
true
7,586
1
INTRODUCTION
1
3
[ "B3", "B4", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10", "B12", "B3", "B13", "B14", "B6", "B8", "B9", "B12", "B6" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-12733008|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-18088429|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-11835531|pmid-15759736|pmid-12771226|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-17559227|pmid-12771226
This exponential nature limits the quantitative aspects of microarray-based GMO detection systems and therefore, most of these systems are being applied for qualitative analysis.
[ "3", "4", "5–12", "5–10", "12", "3", "13", "14", "6", "8", "9", "12", "6" ]
178
43,876
0
false
This exponential nature limits the quantitative aspects of microarray-based GMO detection systems and therefore, most of these systems are being applied for qualitative analysis.
[]
This exponential nature limits the quantitative aspects of microarray-based GMO detection systems and therefore, most of these systems are being applied for qualitative analysis.
true
true
true
true
true
7,586
1
INTRODUCTION
1
6
[ "B3", "B4", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12", "B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10", "B12", "B3", "B13", "B14", "B6", "B8", "B9", "B12", "B6" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-12733008|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-18088429|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-12771226|pmid-15712997|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-16466912|pmid-17559227|NA|pmid-11835531|pmid-15759736|pmid-12771226|pmid-15884823|pmid-16786296|pmid-17559227|pmid-12771226
Only one study has reported semiquantitative microarray-based detection (6).
[ "3", "4", "5–12", "5–10", "12", "3", "13", "14", "6", "8", "9", "12", "6" ]
76
43,877
1
false
Only one study has reported semiquantitative microarray-based detection.
[ "6" ]
Only one study has reported semiquantitative microarray-based detection.
true
true
true
true
true
7,586
2
INTRODUCTION
1
15
[ "B15", "B16", "B15", "B17" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-1706072|NA|pmid-16601068
Within the European Integrated Project Co-Extra, several multiplexing amplification methods in combination with microarray hybridization are under investigation (http://www.coextra.eu/library/deliverables.html).
[ "15", "16", "15", "17" ]
211
43,878
0
false
Within the European Integrated Project Co-Extra, several multiplexing amplification methods in combination with microarray hybridization are under investigation (http://www.coextra.eu/library/deliverables.html).
[]
Within the European Integrated Project Co-Extra, several multiplexing amplification methods in combination with microarray hybridization are under investigation (http://www.coextra.eu/library/deliverables.html).
true
true
true
true
true
7,587
2
INTRODUCTION
1
15
[ "B15", "B16", "B15", "B17" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-1706072|NA|pmid-16601068
We have investigated the potential of NASBA to be used for multiplex target amplification prior to microarray detection in GMO diagnostics to alleviate the lack of multiplexing and quantitative performance associated with end-point PCR technology (15).
[ "15", "16", "15", "17" ]
252
43,879
1
false
We have investigated the potential of NASBA to be used for multiplex target amplification prior to microarray detection in GMO diagnostics to alleviate the lack of multiplexing and quantitative performance associated with end-point PCR technology.
[ "15" ]
We have investigated the potential of NASBA to be used for multiplex target amplification prior to microarray detection in GMO diagnostics to alleviate the lack of multiplexing and quantitative performance associated with end-point PCR technology.
true
true
true
true
true
7,587
2
INTRODUCTION
1
16
[ "B15", "B16", "B15", "B17" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-1706072|NA|pmid-16601068
NASBA is a method that mimics retroviral replication and uses a combination of three enzymes: the avian myeloblastosis virus's reverse transcriptase/DNA polymerase, T7 RNA polymerase and RNase H, along with a T7 promoter-labelled target-specific primer (16).
[ "15", "16", "15", "17" ]
258
43,880
1
false
NASBA is a method that mimics retroviral replication and uses a combination of three enzymes: the avian myeloblastosis virus's reverse transcriptase/DNA polymerase, T7 RNA polymerase and RNase H, along with a T7 promoter-labelled target-specific primer.
[ "16" ]
NASBA is a method that mimics retroviral replication and uses a combination of three enzymes: the avian myeloblastosis virus's reverse transcriptase/DNA polymerase, T7 RNA polymerase and RNase H, along with a T7 promoter-labelled target-specific primer.
true
true
true
true
true
7,587
2
INTRODUCTION
1
15
[ "B15", "B16", "B15", "B17" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-1706072|NA|pmid-16601068
NASBA has been most widely used for clinical diagnosis of human bacterial and viral pathogens, as well as for the detection and quantification of microbes in food and environmental samples (15), using commercial NASBA kits for RNA amplification (bioMérieux SA is the patent holder for NASBA technology).
[ "15", "16", "15", "17" ]
303
43,881
1
false
NASBA has been most widely used for clinical diagnosis of human bacterial and viral pathogens, as well as for the detection and quantification of microbes in food and environmental samples, using commercial NASBA kits for RNA amplification (bioMérieux SA is the patent holder for NASBA technology).
[ "15" ]
NASBA has been most widely used for clinical diagnosis of human bacterial and viral pathogens, as well as for the detection and quantification of microbes in food and environmental samples, using commercial NASBA kits for RNA amplification (bioMérieux SA is the patent holder for NASBA technology).
true
true
true
true
true
7,587
2
INTRODUCTION
1
17
[ "B15", "B16", "B15", "B17" ]
18,710,880
NA|pmid-1706072|NA|pmid-16601068
Additionally, it has recently been shown that NASBA is appropriate for human DNA-target amplification (17).
[ "15", "16", "15", "17" ]
107
43,882
1
false
Additionally, it has recently been shown that NASBA is appropriate for human DNA-target amplification.
[ "17" ]
Additionally, it has recently been shown that NASBA is appropriate for human DNA-target amplification.
true
true
true
true
true
7,587
3
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
18,710,880
null
We have developed a novel multiplex quantitative DNA-based target amplification method suitable for use in combination with microarray detection.
null
145
43,883
0
false
null
null
We have developed a novel multiplex quantitative DNA-based target amplification method suitable for use in combination with microarray detection.
true
true
true
true
true
7,588
3
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
18,710,880
null
This new method named NASBA Implemented Microarray Analysis (NAIMA) was applied to the field of GMO detection.
null
110
43,884
0
false
null
null
This new method named NASBA Implemented Microarray Analysis (NAIMA) was applied to the field of GMO detection.
true
true
true
true
true
7,588
3
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
18,710,880
null
This fast and simple integrated method allows sensitive, specific and fully quantitative on-chip GMO detection in a multiplex format.
null
133
43,885
0
false
null
null
This fast and simple integrated method allows sensitive, specific and fully quantitative on-chip GMO detection in a multiplex format.
true
true
true
true
true
7,588
3
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
18,710,880
null
The NAIMA method combined with microarray detection provides a suitable analytical tool for high throughput GMO diagnostics that will be required in the near future.
null
165
43,886
0
false
null
null
The NAIMA method combined with microarray detection provides a suitable analytical tool for high throughput GMO diagnostics that will be required in the near future.
true
true
true
true
true
7,588
0
DISCUSSION
1
7)
[ "B7", "B8" ]
20,808,590
pmid-5580009|NA
The fibula in humans is longer than the tibia and contributes partially to weight-bearing.
[ "7)", "8)" ]
90
43,887
0
false
The fibula in humans is longer than the tibia and contributes partially to weight-bearing.
[]
The fibula in humans is longer than the tibia and contributes partially to weight-bearing.
true
true
true
true
true
7,589
0
DISCUSSION
1
7)
[ "B7", "B8" ]
20,808,590
pmid-5580009|NA
In 1971, Lambert7) using cadaveric ankles, reported that one-sixth of the static load of the leg was carried by the fibula.
[ "7)", "8)" ]
123
43,888
0
false
In 1971, Lambert7) using cadaveric ankles, reported that one-sixth of the static load of the leg was carried by the fibula.
[]
In 1971, Lambert7) using cadaveric ankles, reported that one-sixth of the static load of the leg was carried by the fibula.
true
true
true
true
true
7,589
0
DISCUSSION
1
7)
[ "B7", "B8" ]
20,808,590
pmid-5580009|NA
This force was generated by the articulation of the fibula with the talus and possibly by the inferior tibiofibular ligaments, and was applied to the proximal tibiofibular joint.
[ "7)", "8)" ]
178
43,889
0
false
This force was generated by the articulation of the fibula with the talus and possibly by the inferior tibiofibular ligaments, and was applied to the proximal tibiofibular joint.
[]
This force was generated by the articulation of the fibula with the talus and possibly by the inferior tibiofibular ligaments, and was applied to the proximal tibiofibular joint.
true
true
true
true
true
7,589
0
DISCUSSION
1
7)
[ "B7", "B8" ]
20,808,590
pmid-5580009|NA
A small load was transmitted by the interosseous membrane between the tibia and fibula, which only prevented bowing of the fibula.
[ "7)", "8)" ]
130
43,890
0
false
A small load was transmitted by the interosseous membrane between the tibia and fibula, which only prevented bowing of the fibula.
[]
A small load was transmitted by the interosseous membrane between the tibia and fibula, which only prevented bowing of the fibula.
true
true
true
true
true
7,589
0
DISCUSSION
1
7)
[ "B7", "B8" ]
20,808,590
pmid-5580009|NA
Embryologically, the ankle joint in newborns has a mild varus alignment and becomes parallel to the knee joint after 12.
[ "7)", "8)" ]
120
43,891
0
false
Embryologically, the ankle joint in newborns has a mild varus alignment and becomes parallel to the knee joint after 12.
[]
Embryologically, the ankle joint in newborns has a mild varus alignment and becomes parallel to the knee joint after 12.
true
true
true
true
true
7,589
0
DISCUSSION
1
7)
[ "B7", "B8" ]
20,808,590
pmid-5580009|NA
In adults, the fibula is responsible for approximately one sixth of the weight-bearing, and the lateral malleolar tip is located approximately 2 cm posteroinferior to the medial malleolar tip, and is mobile up and downward in the stance phase.8)
[ "7)", "8)" ]
245
43,892
0
false
In adults, the fibula is responsible for approximately one sixth of the weight-bearing, and the lateral malleolar tip is located approximately 2 cm posteroinferior to the medial malleolar tip, and is mobile up and downward in the stance phase.8)
[]
In adults, the fibula is responsible for approximately one sixth of the weight-bearing, and the lateral malleolar tip is located approximately 2 cm posteroinferior to the medial malleolar tip, and is mobile up and downward in the stance phase.8)
true
true
false
true
false
7,589
0
DISCUSSION
1
7)
[ "B7", "B8" ]
20,808,590
pmid-5580009|NA
These anatomical characteristics of the fibula contribute to the ankle deformities that develop in the fibular segmental defect in this study.
[ "7)", "8)" ]
142
43,893
0
false
These anatomical characteristics of the fibula contribute to the ankle deformities that develop in the fibular segmental defect in this study.
[]
These anatomical characteristics of the fibula contribute to the ankle deformities that develop in the fibular segmental defect in this study.
true
true
true
true
true
7,589
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
Shortening of the fibula in children due to acquired segmental loss by trauma, osteomyelitis or congenital pseudoarthrosis results in upward migration of the distal fibula and valgus deformity with some instability.9) Hsu and coworkers3,4) reported that these phenomena are due to retarded longitudinal growth of the fib...
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
566
43,894
0
false
Shortening of the fibula in children due to acquired segmental loss by trauma, osteomyelitis or congenital pseudoarthrosis results in upward migration of the distal fibula and valgus deformity with some instability.9) Hsu and coworkers3,4) reported that these phenomena are due to retarded longitudinal growth of the fib...
[]
Shortening of the fibula in children due to acquired segmental loss by trauma, osteomyelitis or congenital pseudoarthrosis results in upward migration of the distal fibula and valgus deformity with some instability.9) Hsu and coworkers3,4) reported that these phenomena are due to retarded longitudinal growth of the fib...
true
true
false
true
false
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
It is believed that the tethering effect of the inelastic soft tissue contracture around the fibular segmental defect and the deranged interosseous membrane can also be another factor, particularly in patients with osteomyelitis.
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
229
43,895
0
false
It is believed that the tethering effect of the inelastic soft tissue contracture around the fibular segmental defect and the deranged interosseous membrane can also be another factor, particularly in patients with osteomyelitis.
[]
It is believed that the tethering effect of the inelastic soft tissue contracture around the fibular segmental defect and the deranged interosseous membrane can also be another factor, particularly in patients with osteomyelitis.
true
true
true
true
true
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
The degree of valgus deformity depends on the onset of the injury and the amount of skeletal growth remaining in the future.
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
124
43,896
0
false
The degree of valgus deformity depends on the onset of the injury and the amount of skeletal growth remaining in the future.
[]
The degree of valgus deformity depends on the onset of the injury and the amount of skeletal growth remaining in the future.
true
true
true
true
true
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
The valgus deformity should increase due to the loss of normal physiological loading from the fibular head to distal physis, and the upward dragging of the remaining distal fibula by the inelastic contracted soft tissue scar around the fibular segmental defect (tethering effect).
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
280
43,897
0
false
The valgus deformity should increase due to the loss of normal physiological loading from the fibular head to distal physis, and the upward dragging of the remaining distal fibula by the inelastic contracted soft tissue scar around the fibular segmental defect (tethering effect).
[]
The valgus deformity should increase due to the loss of normal physiological loading from the fibular head to distal physis, and the upward dragging of the remaining distal fibula by the inelastic contracted soft tissue scar around the fibular segmental defect (tethering effect).
true
true
true
true
true
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
Moreover, the epiphyseal growth at the lateral distal tibial epiphysis is inhibited by eccentrical axial loading (Fig.
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
118
43,898
0
false
Moreover, the epiphyseal growth at the lateral distal tibial epiphysis is inhibited by eccentrical axial loading (Fig.
[]
Moreover, the epiphyseal growth at the lateral distal tibial epiphysis is inhibited by eccentrical axial loading (Fig.
true
true
true
true
true
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
3, distal tibial epiphysis has valgus ankle alignment in a triangular shape for all due to asymmetrical suppression of the epiphyseal growth.11)
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
144
43,899
0
false
3, distal tibial epiphysis has valgus ankle alignment in a triangular shape for all due to asymmetrical suppression of the epiphyseal growth.11)
[]
3, distal tibial epiphysis has valgus ankle alignment in a triangular shape for all due to asymmetrical suppression of the epiphyseal growth.11)
false
false
false
true
false
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
This is known as Heuter-Volkmann's law and Wolff's law for epiphyseal cartilage adaptation to excessive mechanical forces on the growth plate of the distal tibia.9,12) In 1952, Strobino et al.13)
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
195
43,900
0
false
This is known as Heuter-Volkmann's law and Wolff's law for epiphyseal cartilage adaptation to excessive mechanical forces on the growth plate of the distal tibia.9,12) In 1952, Strobino et al.13)
[]
This is known as Heuter-Volkmann's law and Wolff's law for epiphyseal cartilage adaptation to excessive mechanical forces on the growth plate of the distal tibia.9,12) In 1952, Strobino et al.13)
true
true
false
true
false
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
also reported that an excessive compression force over a physiological stimulus retards epiphyseal growth.
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
106
43,901
0
false
also reported that an excessive compression force over a physiological stimulus retards epiphyseal growth.
[]
also reported that an excessive compression force over a physiological stimulus retards epiphyseal growth.
false
true
true
true
false
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
Obtaining solid bony union between the tibia and fibula in acquired or congenital fibular pseudoarthrosis is difficult, and until now, the Langenskiold's operation (single leg bone procedure with distal tibio-fibular synostosis) has been the treatment of choice.6,14)
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
267
43,902
0
false
Obtaining solid bony union between the tibia and fibula in acquired or congenital fibular pseudoarthrosis is difficult, and until now, the Langenskiold's operation (single leg bone procedure with distal tibio-fibular synostosis) has been the treatment of choice.6,14)
[]
Obtaining solid bony union between the tibia and fibula in acquired or congenital fibular pseudoarthrosis is difficult, and until now, the Langenskiold's operation (single leg bone procedure with distal tibio-fibular synostosis) has been the treatment of choice.6,14)
true
true
false
true
false
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
Cho et al.15) reported good end results of Langenskiold's operation for congenital pseudoarthrosis of the fibula, but they did not follow-up the patients until skeletal maturity.11,13)
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
184
43,903
0
false
Cho et al.15) reported good end results of Langenskiold's operation for congenital pseudoarthrosis of the fibula, but they did not follow-up the patients until skeletal maturity.11,13)
[]
Cho et al.15) reported good end results of Langenskiold's operation for congenital pseudoarthrosis of the fibula, but they did not follow-up the patients until skeletal maturity.11,13)
true
true
false
true
false
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
In the present study, various amounts of valgus deformity recurred during skeletal growth even after the Langenskiold's operation, which necessitated a secondary corrective osteotomy in several cases (Cases 1 and 2).
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
216
43,904
0
false
In the present study, various amounts of valgus deformity recurred during skeletal growth even after the Langenskiold's operation, which necessitated a secondary corrective osteotomy in several cases.
[ "Cases 1 and 2" ]
In the present study, various amounts of valgus deformity recurred during skeletal growth even after the Langenskiold's operation, which necessitated a secondary corrective osteotomy in several cases.
true
true
true
true
true
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
The Langenskiold's method provided a good lateral strut initially but could not prevent the gradual upward migration of the remaining distal fibula and valgus deformity during skeletal growth.
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
192
43,905
0
false
The Langenskiold's method provided a good lateral strut initially but could not prevent the gradual upward migration of the remaining distal fibula and valgus deformity during skeletal growth.
[]
The Langenskiold's method provided a good lateral strut initially but could not prevent the gradual upward migration of the remaining distal fibula and valgus deformity during skeletal growth.
true
true
true
true
true
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
Therefore, the successful Langenskiold's operation cannot provide a proper growth stimulus to the remaining distal fibular physis.
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
130
43,906
0
false
Therefore, the successful Langenskiold's operation cannot provide a proper growth stimulus to the remaining distal fibular physis.
[]
Therefore, the successful Langenskiold's operation cannot provide a proper growth stimulus to the remaining distal fibular physis.
true
true
true
true
true
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
There are two surgical procedures besides Langenskiold's method, fibular osteosynthesis and distal tibial epiphysiodesis, but they were not carried out in this study.
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
166
43,907
0
false
There are two surgical procedures besides Langenskiold's method, fibular osteosynthesis and distal tibial epiphysiodesis, but they were not carried out in this study.
[]
There are two surgical procedures besides Langenskiold's method, fibular osteosynthesis and distal tibial epiphysiodesis, but they were not carried out in this study.
true
true
true
true
true
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
Fibular osteosynthesis12) is indicated when 1) the ankle alignment is neutral, 2) the distal fibular fragment is large and long enough to be internally fixed, 3) the gap at the pseudoarthrosis can be approximated or filled with a bone graft at the time of internal fixation.
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
274
43,908
0
false
Fibular osteosynthesis12) is indicated when 1) the ankle alignment is neutral, 2) the distal fibular fragment is large and long enough to be internally fixed, 3) the gap at the pseudoarthrosis can be approximated or filled with a bone graft at the time of internal fixation.
[]
Fibular osteosynthesis12) is indicated when 1) the ankle alignment is neutral, 2) the distal fibular fragment is large and long enough to be internally fixed, 3) the gap at the pseudoarthrosis can be approximated or filled with a bone graft at the time of internal fixation.
true
true
true
true
true
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
Distal tibial epiphysiodesis16,17) can be carried out on patients consider able growth potential, which can induce leg length discrepancy afterwards.
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
149
43,909
0
false
Distal tibial epiphysiodesis16,17) can be carried out on patients consider able growth potential, which can induce leg length discrepancy afterwards.
[]
Distal tibial epiphysiodesis16,17) can be carried out on patients consider able growth potential, which can induce leg length discrepancy afterwards.
true
true
true
true
true
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
However, distal tibial epiphysiodesis can cure a simple shortening problem more simply than a recurrent angular deformity problem.
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
130
43,910
0
false
However, distal tibial epiphysiodesis can cure a simple shortening problem more simply than a recurrent angular deformity problem.
[]
However, distal tibial epiphysiodesis can cure a simple shortening problem more simply than a recurrent angular deformity problem.
true
true
true
true
true
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
This study performed a long term follow-up of Langenskiold's operation even if there were a small number of cases.
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
114
43,911
0
false
This study performed a long term follow-up of Langenskiold's operation even if there were a small number of cases.
[]
This study performed a long term follow-up of Langenskiold's operation even if there were a small number of cases.
true
true
true
true
true
7,590
1
DISCUSSION
1
9)
[ "B9", "B3", "B4", "B1", "B10", "B11", "B9", "B12", "B13", "B6", "B14", "B15", "B11", "B13", "B12", "B16", "B17" ]
20,808,590
pmid-12499944|pmid-4560073|pmid-4605429|pmid-5055156|pmid-3872882|pmid-6630260|pmid-12499944|pmid-13367082|pmid-13005344|pmid-6022355|pmid-12370580|pmid-16791060|pmid-6630260|pmid-13005344|pmid-13367082|pmid-16200021|pmid-2019046
In 2 (40%) out 5 cases (Langenskiold's operation) and 10 (71%) out 14 cases (initially observation), supramalleolar corrective osteotomy was performed because of the gradual deterioration of the ankle joint deformities.
[ "9)", "3", "4)", "1", "10)", "11)", "9", "12)", "13)", "6", "14)", "15)", "11", "13)", "12)", "16", "17)" ]
219
43,912
0
false
In 2 (40%) out 5 cases (Langenskiold's operation) and 10 out 14 cases (initially observation), supramalleolar corrective osteotomy was performed because of the gradual deterioration of the ankle joint deformities.
[ "71%" ]
In 2 (40%) out 5 cases (Langenskiold's operation) and 10 out 14 cases (initially observation), supramalleolar corrective osteotomy was performed because of the gradual deterioration of the ankle joint deformities.
true
true
true
true
true
7,590
2
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
20,808,590
null
For an established valgus deformity of the ankle joint in children, the Langenskiold's operation or supramalleolar corrective osteotomy should be performed at the maximally angulated point as early as possible to maintain a normal functioning ankle mortise and prevent a recurrence of the deformity due to a late osseous...
null
384
43,913
0
false
null
null
For an established valgus deformity of the ankle joint in children, the Langenskiold's operation or supramalleolar corrective osteotomy should be performed at the maximally angulated point as early as possible to maintain a normal functioning ankle mortise and prevent a recurrence of the deformity due to a late osseous...
true
true
true
true
true
7,591
2
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
20,808,590
null
In addition, the possibility of a recurrence of the ankle deformities until skeletal maturity should be considered.
null
115
43,914
0
false
null
null
In addition, the possibility of a recurrence of the ankle deformities until skeletal maturity should be considered.
true
true
true
true
true
7,591
3
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
20,808,590
null
The lateral malleolus plays an important role in normal ankle growth in children.
null
81
43,915
0
false
null
null
The lateral malleolus plays an important role in normal ankle growth in children.
true
true
true
true
true
7,592
3
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
20,808,590
null
In acquired pseudoarthrosis in children, the valgus deformity and upward migration of the lateral mallolus are inevitable.
null
122
43,916
0
false
null
null
In acquired pseudoarthrosis in children, the valgus deformity and upward migration of the lateral mallolus are inevitable.
true
true
true
true
true
7,592
3
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
20,808,590
null
Therefore, the Langenskiold's operation should be considered immediately, and a long term follow-up is essential for the early detection of ankle deformities during skeletal growth.
null
181
43,917
0
false
null
null
Therefore, the Langenskiold's operation should be considered immediately, and a long term follow-up is essential for the early detection of ankle deformities during skeletal growth.
true
true
true
true
true
7,592
3
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
20,808,590
null
Fibular osteosynthesis and distal tibial epiphysiodesis should be considered.
null
77
43,918
0
false
null
null
Fibular osteosynthesis and distal tibial epiphysiodesis should be considered.
true
true
true
true
true
7,592