id int64 39 79M | url stringlengths 32 168 | text stringlengths 7 145k | source stringlengths 2 105 | categories listlengths 1 6 | token_count int64 3 32.2k | subcategories listlengths 0 27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
13,345,788 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freidlin%E2%80%93Wentzell%20theorem | In mathematics, the Freidlin–Wentzell theorem (due to Mark Freidlin and Alexander D. Wentzell) is a result in the large deviations theory of stochastic processes. Roughly speaking, the Freidlin–Wentzell theorem gives an estimate for the probability that a (scaled-down) sample path of an Itō diffusion will stray far fr... | Freidlin–Wentzell theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 327 | [
"Mathematical theorems",
"Theorems in statistics",
"Mathematical analysis",
"Theorems in probability theory",
"Asymptotic analysis",
"Mathematical problems"
] |
13,345,968 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual%20black%20hole | In quantum gravity, a virtual black hole is a hypothetical micro black hole that exists temporarily as a result of a quantum fluctuation of spacetime. It is an example of quantum foam and is the gravitational analog of the virtual electron–positron pairs found in quantum electrodynamics. Theoretical arguments suggest ... | Virtual black hole | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 341 | [
"Black holes",
"Physical phenomena",
"Physical quantities",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Astrophysics",
"Quantum gravity",
"Density",
"Stellar phenomena",
"Astronomical objects",
"Physics beyond the Standard Model"
] |
13,347,172 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminosity%20function%20%28astronomy%29 | In astronomy, a luminosity function gives the number of stars or galaxies per luminosity interval. Luminosity functions are used to study the properties of large groups or classes of objects, such as the stars in clusters or the galaxies in the Local Group.
Note that the term "function" is slightly misleading, and th... | Luminosity function (astronomy) | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 640 | [
"Concepts in astronomy",
"Galaxies",
"Equations of astronomy",
"Astronomical objects",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines",
"Stellar astronomy"
] |
13,347,268 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiobiology | Radiobiology (also known as radiation biology, and uncommonly as actinobiology) is a field of clinical and basic medical sciences that involves the study of the effects of ionizing radiation on living things, in particular health effects of radiation. Ionizing radiation is generally harmful and potentially lethal to li... | Radiobiology | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Biology"
] | 3,823 | [
"Radiation health effects",
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Radiobiology",
"Medical physics",
"Radiation effects",
"Radioactivity"
] |
13,347,566 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meromyosin | Meromyosin is a part of myosin (mero meaning "part of"). With regards to human anatomy myosin and actin constitute the basic functional unit of a muscle fiber, called sarcomere, playing a role in muscle contraction.
Biochemically viewed meromyosin form subunits of the actin-associated motor protein, myosin, as commonl... | Meromyosin | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 278 | [
"Biotechnology stubs",
"Motor proteins",
"Biochemistry stubs",
"Molecular machines",
"Biochemistry"
] |
13,350,759 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric%20wireless%20receiver | Dielectric wireless receiver is a type of radiofrequency receiver front-end featuring a complete absence of electronic circuitry and metal interconnects. It offers immunity against damage from intense electromagnetic radiation, produced by EMP and HPM sources. This receiver is known as ADNERF (an acronym used to signif... | Dielectric wireless receiver | [
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 740 | [
"Glass engineering and science",
"Optical devices"
] |
16,027,304 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interferometric%20modulator%20display | Interferometric modulator display (IMOD, trademarked mirasol) is a technology used in electronic visual displays that can create various colors via interference of reflected light. The color is selected with an electrically switched light modulator comprising a microscopic cavity that is switched on and off using drive... | Interferometric modulator display | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,303 | [
"Electronic engineering",
"Display technology"
] |
16,032,107 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Becher%20process | The Becher process is a process to produce rutile, a form of titanium dioxide, from the ore ilmenite. Although it is competitive with the chloride process and the sulfate process,
. the Becher process is not used on scale.
With the idealized formula FeTiO3, ilmenite contains 55-65% titanium dioxide, the rest being iro... | Becher process | [
"Chemistry"
] | 569 | [
"Metallurgical processes",
"Titanium processes",
"Chemical processes",
"nan",
"Chemical process engineering"
] |
7,032,835 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knudsen%20diffusion | Knudsen diffusion, named after Martin Knudsen, is a means of diffusion that occurs when the scale length of a system is comparable to or smaller than the mean free path of the particles involved. An example of this is in a long pore with a narrow diameter (2–50 nm) because molecules frequently collide with the pore wal... | Knudsen diffusion | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 857 | [
"Transport phenomena",
"Physical phenomena",
"Diffusion"
] |
10,864,076 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical%20static%20timing%20analysis | Conventional static timing analysis (STA) has been a stock analysis algorithm for the design of digital circuits for a long time. However the increased variation in semiconductor devices and interconnect has introduced a number of issues that cannot be handled by traditional (deterministic) STA. This has led to consid... | Statistical static timing analysis | [
"Engineering"
] | 795 | [
"Software engineering",
"Formal methods"
] |
14,503,823 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophageal%20stent | An esophageal stent is a stent (tube) placed in the esophagus to keep a blocked area open so the patient can swallow soft food and liquids. They are effective in the treatment of conditions causing intrinsic esophageal obstruction or external esophageal compression. For the palliative treatment of esophageal cancer m... | Esophageal stent | [
"Biology"
] | 648 | [
"Medical devices",
"Medical technology"
] |
14,504,482 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro%20power%20source | Micro power sources and nano power sources are units of RFID, MEMS, microsystems and nanosystems for energy-power generation, harvesting from ambient, storage and conversion.
References
[1] La O` G.J., In H.J., Crumlin E., Barbastathis G., Shao-Horn Y. Resent advances in microdevices for electrochemical energy conv... | Micro power source | [
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 182 | [
"Materials science",
"Microtechnology"
] |
14,510,148 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weibel%20instability | The Weibel instability is a plasma instability present in homogeneous or nearly homogeneous electromagnetic plasmas which possess an anisotropy in momentum (velocity) space. This anisotropy is most generally understood as two temperatures in different directions. Burton Fried showed that this instability can be under... | Weibel instability | [
"Physics"
] | 983 | [
"Plasma phenomena",
"Physical phenomena",
"Particle physics",
"Plasma instabilities"
] |
3,016,399 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20recombinant%20proteins | The following is a list of notable proteins that are produced from recombinant DNA, using biomolecular engineering. In many cases, recombinant human proteins have replaced the original animal-derived version used in medicine. The prefix "rh" for "recombinant human" appears less and less in the literature. A much larger... | List of recombinant proteins | [
"Biology"
] | 1,182 | [
"nan",
"Recombinant proteins",
"Biotechnology products",
"Biotechnology"
] |
3,017,438 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%20Rham%E2%80%93Weil%20theorem | In algebraic topology, the De Rham–Weil theorem allows computation of sheaf cohomology using an acyclic resolution of the sheaf in question.
Let be a sheaf on a topological space and a resolution of by acyclic sheaves. Then
where denotes the -th sheaf cohomology group of with coefficients in
The De R... | De Rham–Weil theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 121 | [
"Theorems in algebraic geometry",
"Mathematical structures",
"Sheaf theory",
"Topology",
"Category theory",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Theorems in geometry",
"Homological algebra"
] |
3,018,251 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium%20oxide%20%28data%20page%29 | This page provides supplementary chemical data on beryllium oxide.
Material Safety Data Sheet
Beryllium Oxide MSDS from American Beryllia
Structure and properties
Thermodynamic properties
Spectral data
References
Chemical data pages
Chemical data pages cleanup | Beryllium oxide (data page) | [
"Chemistry"
] | 48 | [
"Chemical data pages",
"nan"
] |
3,018,300 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth%28III%29%20oxide%20%28data%20page%29 | This page provides supplementary chemical data on bismuth(III) oxide.
Material Safety Data Sheet
MSDS from Fischer Scientific
Structure and properties
Thermodynamic properties
Spectral data
References
Chemical data pages
Chemical data pages cleanup | Bismuth(III) oxide (data page) | [
"Chemistry"
] | 45 | [
"Chemical data pages",
"nan"
] |
3,018,887 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mautner%27s%20lemma | Mautner's lemma in representation theory, named after Austrian-American mathematician Friederich Mautner, states that if G is a topological group and π a unitary representation of G on a Hilbert space H, then for any x in G, which has conjugates
yxy−1
converging to the identity element e, for a net of elements y, th... | Mautner's lemma | [
"Mathematics"
] | 149 | [
"Algebra stubs",
"Space (mathematics)",
"Topological spaces",
"Topological groups",
"Algebra"
] |
3,018,981 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal%20moduli | In mathematics, formal moduli are an aspect of the theory of moduli spaces (of algebraic varieties or vector bundles, for example), closely linked to deformation theory and formal geometry. Roughly speaking, deformation theory can provide the Taylor polynomial level of information about deformations, while formal modul... | Formal moduli | [
"Mathematics"
] | 168 | [
"Mathematical analysis",
"Algebraic geometry",
"Mathematical analysis stubs",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Geometry",
"Geometry stubs"
] |
3,019,112 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trifluoroacetic%20acid | Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is a synthetic organofluorine compound with the chemical formula CF3CO2H. It is a haloacetic acid, with all three of the acetyl group's hydrogen atoms replaced by fluorine atoms. It is a colorless liquid with a vinegar-like odor. TFA is a stronger acid than acetic acid, having an acid ionisat... | Trifluoroacetic acid | [
"Chemistry"
] | 991 | [
"Organic compounds",
"Reagents for organic chemistry",
"Organic compounds with 2 carbon atoms"
] |
3,020,122 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goal%20programming | Goal programming is a branch of multiobjective optimization, which in turn is a branch of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). It can be thought of as an extension or generalisation of linear programming to handle multiple, normally conflicting objective measures. Each of these measures is given a goal or target va... | Goal programming | [
"Mathematics"
] | 981 | [
"Mathematical optimization",
"Mathematical analysis"
] |
3,021,101 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class%20number%20formula | In number theory, the class number formula relates many important invariants of an algebraic number field to a special value of its Dedekind zeta function.
General statement of the class number formula
We start with the following data:
is a number field.
, where denotes the number of real embeddings of , and is... | Class number formula | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,143 | [
"Quadratic forms",
"Algebraic number theory",
"Number theory"
] |
3,021,207 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, more particularly in functional analysis, differential topology, and geometric measure theory, a k-current in the sense of Georges de Rham is a functional on the space of compactly supported differential k-forms, on a smooth manifold M. Currents formally behave like Schwartz distributions on a space of ... | Current (mathematics) | [
"Mathematics"
] | 743 | [
"Functions and mappings",
"Functional analysis",
"Mathematical objects",
"Topology",
"Mathematical relations",
"Differential topology"
] |
3,021,393 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Length%20function | In the mathematical field of geometric group theory, a length function is a function that assigns a number to each element of a group.
Definition
A length function L : G → R+ on a group G is a function satisfying:
Compare with the axioms for a metric and a filtered algebra.
Word metric
An important example of a len... | Length function | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 236 | [
"Geometric group theory",
"Group actions",
"Group theory",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Symmetry"
] |
3,021,657 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icemaker | An icemaker, ice generator, or ice machine may refer to either a consumer device for making ice, found inside a home freezer; a stand-alone appliance for making ice, or an industrial machine for making ice on a large scale. The term "ice machine" usually refers to the stand-alone appliance.
The ice generator is the pa... | Icemaker | [
"Physics",
"Technology"
] | 5,186 | [
"Physical systems",
"Machines",
"Home appliances"
] |
3,021,875 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy%20of%20mixing | In thermodynamics, the entropy of mixing is the increase in the total entropy when several initially separate systems of different composition, each in a thermodynamic state of internal equilibrium, are mixed without chemical reaction by the thermodynamic operation of removal of impermeable partition(s) between them, f... | Entropy of mixing | [
"Physics"
] | 4,493 | [
"Statistical mechanics",
"Entropy",
"Physical quantities",
"Thermodynamic entropy"
] |
9,350,089 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADAM17 | A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17), also called TACE (tumor necrosis factor-α-converting enzyme), is a 70-kDa enzyme that belongs to the ADAM protein family of disintegrins and metalloproteases, activated by substrate presentation.
Structure
ADAM17 is an 824-amino acid polypeptide.
ADAM17 has multidomai... | ADAM17 | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 1,206 | [
"Biochemistry",
"Neurochemistry",
"Signal transduction"
] |
9,350,418 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar%20conductivity | The molar conductivity of an electrolyte solution is defined as its conductivity divided by its molar concentration.
where:
κ is the measured conductivity (formerly known as specific conductance),
c is the molar concentration of the electrolyte.
The SI unit of molar conductivity is siemens metres squared per mole... | Molar conductivity | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,426 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Physical quantities",
"Intensive quantities",
"Electrochemical concepts",
"Electrochemistry",
"nan",
"Physical chemistry",
"Molar quantities"
] |
9,351,265 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedlander%E2%80%93Iwaniec%20theorem | In analytic number theory the Friedlander–Iwaniec theorem states that there are infinitely many prime numbers of the form . The first few such primes are
2, 5, 17, 37, 41, 97, 101, 137, 181, 197, 241, 257, 277, 281, 337, 401, 457, 577, 617, 641, 661, 677, 757, 769, 821, 857, 881, 977, … .
The difficulty in this state... | Friedlander–Iwaniec theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 368 | [
"Theorems in mathematical analysis",
"Theorems in number theory",
"Theorems in analytic number theory",
"Theorems about prime numbers"
] |
9,353,706 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spontaneous%20combustion | Spontaneous combustion or spontaneous ignition is a type of combustion which occurs by self-heating (increase in temperature due to exothermic internal reactions), followed by thermal runaway (self heating which rapidly accelerates to high temperatures) and finally, autoignition. It is distinct from (but has similar p... | Spontaneous combustion | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,613 | [
"Combustion"
] |
9,353,915 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colored%20dissolved%20organic%20matter | Colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is the optically measurable component of dissolved organic matter in water. Also known as chromophoric dissolved organic matter, yellow substance, and gelbstoff, CDOM occurs naturally in aquatic environments and is a complex mixture of many hundreds to thousands of individual, un... | Colored dissolved organic matter | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Biology",
"Environmental_science"
] | 828 | [
"Hydrology",
"Environmental chemistry",
"Water pollution",
"Chemical oceanography",
"Water quality indicators",
"Ecosystems",
"nan",
"Environmental engineering",
"Aquatic ecology",
"Water supply"
] |
9,354,293 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteur%20effect | The Pasteur effect describes how available oxygen inhibits ethanol fermentation, driving yeast to switch toward aerobic respiration for increased generation of the energy carrier adenosine triphosphate (ATP). More generally, in the medical literature, the Pasteur effect refers to how the cellular presence of oxygen cau... | Pasteur effect | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 683 | [
"Cellular respiration",
"Cellular processes",
"Biochemistry",
"Metabolism",
"Fermentation"
] |
9,355,054 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaria%20antigen%20detection%20tests | Malaria antigen detection tests are a group of commercially available rapid diagnostic tests of the rapid antigen test type that allow quick diagnosis of malaria by people who are not otherwise skilled in traditional laboratory techniques for diagnosing malaria or in situations where such equipment is not available. Th... | Malaria antigen detection tests | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,570 | [
"Blood tests",
"Chemical pathology"
] |
9,356,096 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymeric%20liquid%20crystal | Polymeric liquid crystals are similar to monomeric liquid crystals used in displays. Both have dielectric anitroscopy, or the ability to change directions and absorb or transmit light depending on electric fields. Polymeric liquid crystals form long head-to-tail or side chain polymers, which are woven in thick mats and... | Polymeric liquid crystal | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science"
] | 192 | [
"Materials science stubs",
"Condensed matter stubs",
"Condensed matter physics"
] |
9,360,334 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modified-release%20dosage | Modified-release dosage is a mechanism that (in contrast to immediate-release dosage) delivers a drug with a delay after its administration (delayed-release dosage) or for a prolonged period of time (extended-release [ER, XR, XL] dosage) or to a specific target in the body (targeted-release dosage).
Sustained-release ... | Modified-release dosage | [
"Chemistry"
] | 3,019 | [
"Pharmacology",
"Drug delivery devices",
"Pharmacokinetics",
"Routes of administration"
] |
9,360,859 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrazine | Nitrazine or phenaphthazine is a pH indicator dye often used in medicine. More sensitive than litmus, nitrazine indicates pH in the range of 4.5 to 7.5. Nitrazine is usually used as the disodium salt.
Use
This test is done to ascertain the nature of fluid in the vagina during pregnancy especially when premature ruptu... | Nitrazine | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 288 | [
"Titration",
"PH indicators",
"Chromism",
"Chemical tests",
"Equilibrium chemistry"
] |
9,361,398 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipofectamine | Lipofectamine or Lipofectamine 2000 is a common transfection reagent, produced and sold by Invitrogen, used in molecular and cellular biology. It is used to increase the transfection efficiency of RNA (including mRNA and siRNA) or plasmid DNA into in vitro cell cultures by lipofection. Lipofectamine contains lipid subu... | Lipofectamine | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 507 | [
"Genetics techniques",
"Molecular biology techniques",
"Molecular biology",
"Biochemistry",
"Gene delivery"
] |
11,833,672 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polystannane | Polystannanes are organotin compounds with the formula (R2Sn)n. These polymers have been of intermittent academic interest; they are unusual because heavy elements comprise the backbone. Structurally related but better characterized (and more useful) are the polysilanes (R2Si)n.
History and synthesis
Oligo- or polys... | Polystannane | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 1,080 | [
"Inorganic compounds",
"Inorganic polymers",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Molecular electronics",
"Polymer chemistry",
"Polymers",
"Amorphous solids",
"Conductive polymers",
"Plastics"
] |
11,840,868 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy%20power%20inequality | In information theory, the entropy power inequality (EPI) is a result that relates to so-called "entropy power" of random variables. It shows that the entropy power of suitably well-behaved random variables is a superadditive function. The entropy power inequality was proved in 1948 by Claude Shannon in his seminal pap... | Entropy power inequality | [
"Mathematics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 348 | [
"Theorems in statistics",
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Applied mathematics",
"Statistical inequalities",
"Theorems in probability theory",
"Computer science",
"Probabilistic inequalities",
"Information theory",
"Inequalities (mathematics)"
] |
11,843,393 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clock%20angle%20problem | Clock angle problems are a type of mathematical problem which involve finding the angle between the hands of an analog clock.
Math problem
Clock angle problems relate two different measurements: angles and time. The angle is typically measured in degrees from the mark of number 12 clockwise. The time is usually based ... | Clock angle problem | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 534 | [
"Machines",
"Clocks",
"Measuring instruments",
"Physical systems",
"Elementary mathematics",
"Elementary geometry",
"Mathematical problems"
] |
8,696,119 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet%20photoelectron%20spectroscopy | Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) refers to the measurement of kinetic energy spectra of photoelectrons emitted by molecules that have absorbed ultraviolet photons, in order to determine molecular orbital energies in the valence region.
Basic theory
If Albert Einstein's photoelectric law is applied to a fr... | Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 932 | [
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Electron spectroscopy",
"Emission spectroscopy",
"Surface science",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Spectroscopy"
] |
8,696,928 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky%20and%20Water%20I | Sky and Water I is a woodcut print by the Dutch artist M. C. Escher first printed in June 1938. The basis of this print is a regular division of the plane consisting of birds and fish. Both prints have the horizontal series of these elements—fitting into each other like the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle—in the middle, tra... | Sky and Water I | [
"Physics"
] | 427 | [
"Optical phenomena",
"Physical phenomena",
"Optical illusions"
] |
8,699,846 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold%E2%80%93aluminium%20intermetallic | Gold–aluminium intermetallic is a type of intermetallic compound of gold and aluminium that usually forms at contacts between the two metals. Gold–aluminium intermetallic have different properties from the individual metals, such as low conductivity and high melting point depending on their composition. Due to the diff... | Gold–aluminium intermetallic | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 608 | [
"Inorganic compounds",
"Computer engineering",
"Metallurgy",
"Corrosion",
"Electrochemistry",
"Intermetallics",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Alloys",
"Materials degradation",
"Aluminides",
"Integrated circuits"
] |
8,701,085 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20books%20in%20computational%20geometry | This is a list of books in computational geometry.
There are two major, largely nonoverlapping categories:
Combinatorial computational geometry, which deals with collections of discrete objects or defined in discrete terms: points, lines, polygons, polytopes, etc., and algorithms of discrete/combinatorial character are... | List of books in computational geometry | [
"Mathematics"
] | 912 | [
"Computational geometry",
"Computational mathematics"
] |
8,701,191 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrapod%20%28structure%29 | A tetrapod is a form of wave-dissipating concrete block used to prevent erosion caused by weather and longshore drift, primarily to enforce coastal structures such as seawalls and breakwaters. Tetrapods are made of concrete, and use a tetrahedral shape to dissipate the force of incoming waves by allowing water to flow ... | Tetrapod (structure) | [
"Engineering"
] | 477 | [
"Coastal engineering",
"Civil engineering"
] |
8,702,775 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-forcing%20equalizer | The zero-forcing equalizer is a form of linear equalization algorithm used in communication systems which applies the inverse of the frequency response of the channel. This form of equalizer was first proposed by Robert Lucky.
The zero-forcing equalizer applies the inverse of the channel frequency response to the rece... | Zero-forcing equalizer | [
"Engineering"
] | 557 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Filter theory"
] |
8,702,779 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanofiltration | Nanofiltration is a membrane filtration process that uses nanometer sized pores through which particles smaller than about 1–10 nanometers pass through the membrane. Nanofiltration membranes have pore sizes of about 1–10 nanometers, smaller than those used in microfiltration and ultrafiltration, but a slightly bigger t... | Nanofiltration | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 2,946 | [
"Water desalination",
"Separation processes",
"Water treatment",
"Chemical equipment",
"Filters",
"Materials science",
"Water pollution",
"Membrane technology",
"Filtration",
"Environmental engineering",
"Water technology",
"Nanotechnology"
] |
8,704,223 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline%20of%20chemical%20engineering | The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to chemical engineering:
Chemical engineering – deals with the application of physical science (e.g., chemistry and physics), and life sciences (e.g., biology, [[microbi
logy]] and biochemistry) with mathematics and economics, to the process of conv... | Outline of chemical engineering | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 411 | [
"Chemical engineering",
"nan"
] |
5,516,588 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaze3D | Glaze3D was a family of graphics cards announced by BitBoys Oy on August 2, 1999, that would have produced substantially better performance than other consumer products available at the time. The family, which would have come in the Glaze3D 1200, Glaze3D 2400 and Glaze3D 4800 models, was supposed to offer full support ... | Glaze3D | [
"Technology"
] | 1,120 | [
"Computer industry",
"Vaporware"
] |
5,517,556 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extension%20topology | In topology, a branch of mathematics, an extension topology is a topology placed on the disjoint union of a topological space and another set. There are various types of extension topology, described in the sections below.
Extension topology
Let X be a topological space and P a set disjoint from X. Consider in X ∪ P... | Extension topology | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 888 | [
"Mathematical structures",
"Space (mathematics)",
"Topological spaces",
"Topology",
"Space",
"Geometry",
"Spacetime"
] |
5,518,314 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20for%20Computer%20Aided%20Design%20in%20Architecture | The Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture (ACADIA) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization active in the area of computer-aided architectural design (CAAD).
Mission statement
Begun in 1981, the organization's objectives are recorded in its bylaws:
"ACADIA was formed for the purpose of facilitating com... | Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture | [
"Engineering"
] | 737 | [
"Design",
"Architectural design",
"Architecture"
] |
5,518,587 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W.%20E.%20P.%20Duncan | Wilfred Eben Pinkerton Duncan (1897 – 28 January 1977) was an important figure in the early period of the Toronto Transit Commission's history.
He was born in Glasgow, Scotland, and graduated with a B.Sc. degree in engineering from Glasgow University. He emigrated to Canada and worked from 1910 to 1914 in the construc... | W. E. P. Duncan | [
"Engineering"
] | 330 | [
"Civil engineering",
"Civil engineering stubs"
] |
5,518,588 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1-Chloro-9%2C10-bis%28phenylethynyl%29anthracene | 1-Chloro-9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene is a fluorescent dye used in lightsticks. It emits yellow-green light, used in 30-minute high-intensity Cyalume sticks.
See also
9,10-Bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene
2-Chloro-9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene
References
Fluorescent dyes
Organic semiconductors
Anthracenes
Alkyn... | 1-Chloro-9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene | [
"Chemistry"
] | 115 | [
"Semiconductor materials",
"Molecular electronics",
"Organic semiconductors"
] |
5,520,917 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia%20over%20Coax%20Alliance | The Multimedia over Coax Alliance (MoCA) is an international standards consortium that publishes specifications for networking over coaxial cable. The technology was originally developed to distribute IP television in homes using existing cabling, but is now used as a general-purpose Ethernet link where it is inconveni... | Multimedia over Coax Alliance | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 965 | [
"Computer networking",
"Computer science",
"Computer engineering"
] |
586,599 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penning%20trap | A Penning trap is a device for the storage of charged particles using a homogeneous magnetic field and a quadrupole electric field. It is mostly found in the physical sciences and related fields of study for precision measurements of properties of ions and stable subatomic particles, like for example mass, fission yiel... | Penning trap | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,939 | [
"Molecular physics",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Instrumental analysis",
"Mass",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Measuring instruments",
"Particle traps",
"Mass spectrometry",
"Atomic physics",
" molecular",
"Atomic",
"Matter",
" and optical physics"
] |
586,817 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass%20spectrum | A mass spectrum is a histogram plot of intensity vs. mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) in a chemical sample, usually acquired using an instrument called a mass spectrometer. Not all mass spectra of a given substance are the same; for example, some mass spectrometers break the analyte molecules into fragments; others observe t... | Mass spectrum | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,789 | [
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Instrumental analysis",
"Mass",
"Mass spectrometry",
"Matter"
] |
587,271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torsion%20spring | A torsion spring is a spring that works by twisting its end along its axis; that is, a flexible elastic object that stores mechanical energy when it is twisted. When it is twisted, it exerts a torque in the opposite direction, proportional to the amount (angle) it is twisted. There are various types:
A torsion bar is ... | Torsion spring | [
"Physics"
] | 2,432 | [
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Force",
"Physical quantities",
"Torque"
] |
589,225 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bimetallic%20strip | A bimetallic strip or bimetal strip is a strip that consists of two strips of different metals which expand at different rates as they are heated. They are used to convert a temperature change into mechanical displacement. The different expansions force the flat strip to bend one way if heated, and in the opposite dire... | Bimetallic strip | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,743 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Metallurgy",
"Engineering thermodynamics",
"Measuring instruments",
"Bimetal",
"Thermodynamics",
"Mechanical engineering",
"Thermometers"
] |
589,286 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%20bond | In chemistry, pi bonds (π bonds) are covalent chemical bonds, in each of which two lobes of an orbital on one atom overlap with two lobes of an orbital on another atom, and in which this overlap occurs laterally. Each of these atomic orbitals has an electron density of zero at a shared nodal plane that passes through t... | Pi bond | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 920 | [
"Chemical bonding",
"Condensed matter physics",
"nan"
] |
589,303 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular%20orbital%20theory | In chemistry, molecular orbital theory (MO theory or MOT) is a method for describing the electronic structure of molecules using quantum mechanics. It was proposed early in the 20th century. The MOT explains the paramagnetic nature of O2, which valence bond theory cannot explain.
In molecular orbital theory, electrons... | Molecular orbital theory | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 3,107 | [
"Quantum chemistry",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Theoretical chemistry",
"Condensed matter physics",
" molecular",
"nan",
"Atomic",
"Chemical bonding",
" and optical physics"
] |
1,540,333 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perron%E2%80%93Frobenius%20theorem | In matrix theory, the Perron–Frobenius theorem, proved by and , asserts that a real square matrix with positive entries has a unique eigenvalue of largest magnitude and that eigenvalue is real. The corresponding eigenvector can be chosen to have strictly positive components, and also asserts a similar statement for c... | Perron–Frobenius theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 8,520 | [
"Theorems in algebra",
"Theorems in linear algebra"
] |
1,540,704 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation%20of%20state%20%28cosmology%29 | In cosmology, the equation of state of a perfect fluid is characterized by a dimensionless number , equal to the ratio of its pressure to its energy density :
It is closely related to the thermodynamic equation of state and ideal gas law.
The equation
The perfect gas equation of state may be written as
where is ... | Equation of state (cosmology) | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 791 | [
"Astronomical sub-disciplines",
"Equations of physics",
"Theoretical physics",
"Astrophysics",
"Statistical mechanics",
"Equations of state",
"Physical cosmology"
] |
1,540,711 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phantom%20energy | Phantom energy is a hypothetical form of dark energy satisfying the equation of state with . It possesses negative kinetic energy, and predicts expansion of the universe in excess of that predicted by a cosmological constant, which leads to a Big Rip. The idea of phantom energy is often dismissed, as it would suggest ... | Phantom energy | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 398 | [
"Physical cosmological concepts",
"Unsolved problems in astronomy",
"Physical quantities",
"Concepts in astrophysics",
"Concepts in astronomy",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Energy (physics)",
"Dark energy",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities"
] |
1,541,301 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lugol%27s%20iodine | Lugol's iodine, also known as aqueous iodine and strong iodine solution, is a solution of potassium iodide with iodine in water. It is a medication and disinfectant used for a number of purposes. Taken by mouth it is used to treat thyrotoxicosis until surgery can be carried out, protect the thyroid gland from radioacti... | Lugol's iodine | [
"Chemistry"
] | 2,295 | [
"Chemical tests"
] |
1,542,238 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smooth%20structure | In mathematics, a smooth structure on a manifold allows for an unambiguous notion of smooth function. In particular, a smooth structure allows mathematical analysis to be performed on the manifold.
Definition
A smooth structure on a manifold is a collection of smoothly equivalent smooth atlases. Here, a smooth atla... | Smooth structure | [
"Mathematics"
] | 474 | [
"Topology",
"Differential topology"
] |
1,543,358 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darboux%27s%20theorem | In differential geometry, a field in mathematics, Darboux's theorem is a theorem providing a normal form for special classes of differential 1-forms, partially generalizing the Frobenius integration theorem. It is named after Jean Gaston Darboux who established it as the solution of the Pfaff problem.
It is a foundati... | Darboux's theorem | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 903 | [
"Theorems in differential geometry",
"Applied mathematics",
"Theoretical physics",
"Coordinate systems in differential geometry",
"Theorems in geometry",
"Coordinate systems",
"Mathematical physics"
] |
1,543,711 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compactification%20%28physics%29 | In theoretical physics, compactification means changing a theory with respect to one of its space-time dimensions. Instead of having a theory with this dimension being infinite, one changes the theory so that this dimension has a finite length, and may also be periodic.
Compactification plays an important part in ther... | Compactification (physics) | [
"Astronomy"
] | 737 | [
"String theory",
"Astronomical hypotheses"
] |
1,543,837 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase%20response | In signal processing, phase response is the relationship between the phase of a sinusoidal input and the output signal passing through any device that accepts input and produces an output signal, such as an amplifier or a filter.
Amplifiers, filters, and other devices are often categorized by their amplitude and/or ph... | Phase response | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 148 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Computer engineering",
"Signal processing",
"Classical mechanics",
"Waves",
"Wave mechanics"
] |
1,544,409 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savepoint | A savepoint is a way of implementing subtransactions (also known as nested transactions) within a relational database management system by indicating a point within a transaction that can be "rolled back to" without affecting any work done in the transaction before the savepoint was created. Multiple savepoints can exi... | Savepoint | [
"Technology"
] | 288 | [
"Data management",
"Data"
] |
1,544,912 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state%20nuclear%20track%20detector | A solid-state nuclear track detector or SSNTD (also known as an etched track detector or a dielectric track detector, DTD) is a sample of a solid material (photographic emulsion, crystal, glass or plastic) exposed to nuclear radiation (neutrons or charged particles, occasionally also gamma rays), etched in a corrosive ... | Solid-state nuclear track detector | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 516 | [
"Particle detectors",
"Measuring instruments",
"Nuclear physics"
] |
1,545,079 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barnett%20effect | The Barnett effect is the magnetization of an uncharged body when spun on its axis. It was discovered by American physicist Samuel Barnett in 1915.
An uncharged object rotating with angular velocity tends to spontaneously magnetize, with a magnetization given by
where is the gyromagnetic ratio for the material, i... | Barnett effect | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science"
] | 168 | [
"Materials science stubs",
"Condensed matter stubs",
"Condensed matter physics"
] |
1,545,150 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terfenol-D | Terfenol-D, an alloy of the formula (x ≈ 0.3), is a magnetostrictive material. It was initially developed in the 1970s by the Naval Ordnance Laboratory in the United States. The technology for manufacturing the material efficiently was developed in the 1980s at Ames Laboratory under a U.S. Navy-funded program. It is n... | Terfenol-D | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 1,504 | [
"Rare earth alloys",
"Inorganic compounds",
"Metallurgy",
"Alloys",
"Intermetallics",
"Condensed matter physics"
] |
1,545,608 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaerobic%20digestion | Anaerobic digestion is a sequence of processes by which microorganisms break down biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen. The process is used for industrial or domestic purposes to manage waste or to produce fuels. Much of the fermentation used industrially to produce food and drink products, as well as home f... | Anaerobic digestion | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 9,652 | [
"Water technology",
"Anaerobic digestion",
"Environmental engineering"
] |
1,545,928 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aggregate%20%28composite%29 | Aggregate is the component of a composite material that resists compressive stress and provides bulk to the material. For efficient filling, aggregate should be much smaller than the finished item, but have a wide variety of sizes. Aggregates are generally added to lower the amount of binders needed and to increase the... | Aggregate (composite) | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 1,396 | [
"Structural engineering",
"Composite materials",
"Materials",
"Concrete",
"Particle technology",
"Granularity of materials",
"Matter"
] |
1,546,092 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical%20mobility | Electrical mobility is the ability of charged particles (such as electrons or protons) to move through a medium in response to an electric field that is pulling them. The separation of ions according to their mobility in gas phase is called ion mobility spectrometry, in liquid phase it is called electrophoresis.
Theor... | Electrical mobility | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics",
"Biology"
] | 878 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Physical quantities",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Instrumental analysis",
"Quantity",
"Mass",
"Biochemical separation processes",
"Molecular biology techniques",
"Mass spectrometry",
"Electrophoresis",
"Physical properties",
"Matter"
] |
1,546,216 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirit%20of%20place | Spirit of place (or soul) refers to the unique, distinctive and cherished aspects of a place; often those celebrated by artists and writers, but also those cherished in folk tales, festivals and celebrations. It is thus as much in the invisible weave of culture (stories, art, memories, beliefs, histories, etc.) as it i... | Spirit of place | [
"Engineering"
] | 604 | [
"Environmental design",
"Design",
"Landscape architecture",
"Architecture"
] |
162,132 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derangement | In combinatorial mathematics, a derangement is a permutation of the elements of a set in which no element appears in its original position. In other words, a derangement is a permutation that has no fixed points.
The number of derangements of a set of size is known as the subfactorial of or the derangement number o... | Derangement | [
"Mathematics"
] | 4,358 | [
"Sequences and series",
"Functions and mappings",
"Integer sequences",
"Mathematical structures",
"Mathematical analysis",
"Permutations",
"Recreational mathematics",
"Fixed points (mathematics)",
"Mathematical objects",
"Combinatorics",
"Topology",
"Mathematical relations",
"Numbers",
"Nu... |
162,269 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium%20oxide | Magnesium oxide (MgO), or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium (see also oxide). It has an empirical formula of MgO and consists of a lattice of Mg2+ ions and O2− ions held together by ionic bonding. Magnesium hydroxide forms in the presence of w... | Magnesium oxide | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 2,119 | [
"Refractory materials",
"Oxides",
"Salts",
"Materials",
"Optical materials",
"Ceramic materials",
"Ceramic engineering",
"Matter"
] |
162,312 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical%20wave | In physics, a mechanical wave is a wave that is an oscillation of matter, and therefore transfers energy through a material medium.
(Vacuum is, from classical perspective, a non-material medium, where electromagnetic waves propagate.)
While waves can move over long distances, the movement of the medium of transmissi... | Mechanical wave | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 617 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Waves",
"Motion (physics)",
"Mechanics",
"Mechanical engineering"
] |
162,321 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invariant%20mass | The invariant mass, rest mass, intrinsic mass, proper mass, or in the case of bound systems simply mass, is the portion of the total mass of an object or system of objects that is independent of the overall motion of the system. More precisely, it is a characteristic of the system's total energy and momentum that is th... | Invariant mass | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,800 | [
"Scalar physical quantities",
"Physical phenomena",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Mass",
"Size",
"Energy (physics)",
"Theory of relativity",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Physical properties",
"Matter"
] |
162,400 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force%20spectroscopy | Force spectroscopy is a set of techniques for the study of the interactions and the binding forces between individual molecules. These methods can be used to measure the mechanical properties of single polymer molecules or proteins, or individual chemical bonds. The name "force spectroscopy", although widely used in th... | Force spectroscopy | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 2,210 | [
"Molecular physics",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Instrumental analysis",
"Scanning probe microscopy",
"Microscopy",
"Nanotechnology",
"Spectroscopy"
] |
162,435 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind%20uploading | Mind uploading is a speculative process of whole brain emulation in which a brain scan is used to completely emulate the mental state of the individual in a digital computer. The computer would then run a simulation of the brain's information processing, such that it would respond in essentially the same way as the ori... | Mind uploading | [
"Technology",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 6,422 | [
"Genetic engineering",
"Transhumanism",
"Ethics of science and technology"
] |
162,874 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentamidine | Pentamidine is an antimicrobial medication used to treat African trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, Balamuthia infections, babesiosis, and to prevent and treat pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in people with poor immune function. In African trypanosomiasis it is used for early disease before central nervous system involvement... | Pentamidine | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 2,215 | [
"Genetics techniques",
"Antiprotozoal agents",
"Amidines",
"Functional groups",
"DNA-binding substances",
"Biocides",
"Bases (chemistry)"
] |
162,971 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STMicroelectronics | STMicroelectronics NV (commonly referred to as ST or STMicro) is a European multinational semiconductor contract manufacturing and design company. It is the largest of such companies in Europe. It was founded in 1987 from the merger of two state-owned semiconductor corporations: Thomson Semiconducteurs of France and SG... | STMicroelectronics | [
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 4,478 | [
"Photovoltaics manufacturers",
"Microelectronic and microelectromechanical systems",
"MEMS factories",
"Engineering companies"
] |
163,005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genlock | Genlock (generator locking) is a common technique where the video output of one source (or a specific reference signal from a signal generator) is used to synchronize other picture sources together. The aim in video applications is to ensure the coincidence of signals in time at a combining or switching point. When vid... | Genlock | [
"Engineering"
] | 848 | [
"Broadcast engineering",
"Electronic engineering",
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Synchronization"
] |
163,389 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond%20dust | Diamond dust is a ground-level cloud composed of tiny ice crystals. This meteorological phenomenon is also referred to simply as ice crystals and is reported in the METAR code as IC. Diamond dust generally forms under otherwise clear or nearly clear skies, so it is sometimes referred to as clear-sky precipitation. Diam... | Diamond dust | [
"Physics"
] | 1,074 | [
"Optical phenomena",
"Physical phenomena",
"Atmospheric optical phenomena",
"Earth phenomena"
] |
163,806 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil%20platform | An oil platform (also called an oil rig, offshore platform, oil production platform, etc.) is a large structure with facilities to extract and process petroleum and natural gas that lie in rock formations beneath the seabed. Many oil platforms will also have facilities to accommodate the workers, although it is also co... | Oil platform | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 6,266 | [
"Oil platforms",
"Structural engineering",
"Offshore engineering",
"Petroleum technology",
"Construction",
"Civil engineering",
"Natural gas technology"
] |
7,195,427 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon%20detonation | Carbon detonation or carbon deflagration is the violent reignition of thermonuclear fusion in a white dwarf star that was previously slowly cooling. It involves a runaway thermonuclear process which spreads through the white dwarf in a matter of seconds, producing a type Ia supernova which releases an immense amount of... | Carbon detonation | [
"Physics"
] | 1,104 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Stellar phenomena",
"Astrophysics",
"Stellar evolution"
] |
7,195,699 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driven%20right%20leg%20circuit | A Driven Right Leg circuit or DRL circuit, also known as Right Leg Driving technique, is an electric circuit that is often added to biological signal amplifiers to reduce common-mode interference. Biological signal amplifiers such as ECG (electrocardiogram) EEG (electroencephalogram) or EMG circuits measure very small ... | Driven right leg circuit | [
"Engineering"
] | 273 | [
"Electronic design",
"Analog circuits",
"Electronic engineering",
"Design"
] |
7,202,208 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian%20Electrical%20Code | The Canadian Electrical Code, CE Code, or CSA C22.1 is a standard published by the Canadian Standards Association pertaining to the installation and maintenance of electrical equipment in Canada.
The first edition of the Canadian Electrical Code was published in 1927. The current (26th) edition was published in March... | Canadian Electrical Code | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 836 | [
"Electrical systems",
"Building engineering",
"Physical systems",
"Electrical engineering",
"Electrical wiring"
] |
7,203,729 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%27Alembert%27s%20equation | In mathematics, d'Alembert's equation, sometimes also known as Lagrange's equation, is a first order nonlinear ordinary differential equation, named after the French mathematician Jean le Rond d'Alembert. The equation reads as
where . After differentiating once, and rearranging we have
The above equation is linear. W... | D'Alembert's equation | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 102 | [
"Mathematical analysis",
"Equations of physics",
"Mathematical analysis stubs",
"Applied mathematics",
"Theoretical physics",
"Eponymous equations of physics",
"Mathematical physics"
] |
4,141,476 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenberger%E2%80%93Horne%E2%80%93Zeilinger%20state | In physics, in the area of quantum information theory, a Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state is an entangled quantum state that involves at least three subsystems (particle states, qubits, or qudits). Named for the three authors that first described this state, the GHZ state predicts outcomes from experiments that ... | Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state | [
"Physics"
] | 1,621 | [
"Quantum states",
"Quantum mechanics"
] |
4,142,023 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bongkrek%20acid | Bongkrek acid (also known as bongkrekic acid) is a respiratory toxin produced in fermented coconut or corn contaminated by the bacterium Burkholderia gladioli pathovar cocovenenans. It is a highly toxic, heat-stable, colorless, odorless, and highly unsaturated tricarboxylic acid that inhibits the ADP/ATP translocase, a... | Bongkrek acid | [
"Chemistry",
"Environmental_science"
] | 1,719 | [
"Toxicology",
"Carboxylic acids",
"Functional groups",
"Organic compounds",
"Ethers"
] |
4,142,132 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubin%20vase | The Rubin vase (sometimes known as Rubin's vase, the Rubin face or the figure–ground vase) is a famous example of ambiguous or bi-stable (i.e., reversing) two-dimensional forms developed around 1915 by the Danish psychologist Edgar Rubin.
The depicted version of Rubin's vase can be seen as the black profiles of two pe... | Rubin vase | [
"Physics"
] | 892 | [
"Optical phenomena",
"Physical phenomena",
"Optical illusions"
] |
4,142,398 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstellar%20Boundary%20Explorer | Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX or Explorer 91 or SMEX-10) is a NASA satellite in Earth orbit that uses energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) to image the interaction region between the Solar System and interstellar space. The mission is part of NASA's Small Explorer program and was launched with a Pegasus-XL launch vehi... | Interstellar Boundary Explorer | [
"Astronomy"
] | 1,805 | [
"Astronomical surveys",
"Astronomical objects",
"Works about astronomy"
] |
4,143,960 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroblast%20growth%20factor | Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) are a family of cell signalling proteins produced by the macrophages. They are involved in a wide variety of processes, most notably as crucial elements for normal development in animal cells. Any irregularities in their function will lead to a range of developmental defects. These grow... | Fibroblast growth factor | [
"Biology"
] | 2,565 | [
"Protein domains",
"Morphogens",
"Induced stem cells",
"Protein classification"
] |
4,144,434 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-bodies | In cellular biology, P-bodies, or processing bodies, are distinct foci formed by phase separation within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell consisting of many enzymes involved in mRNA turnover. P-bodies are highly conserved structures and have been observed in somatic cells originating from vertebrates and invertebrat... | P-bodies | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 1,193 | [
"Biochemistry",
"nan",
"Molecular biology"
] |
4,144,576 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prins%20reaction | The Prins reaction is an organic reaction consisting of an electrophilic addition of an aldehyde or ketone to an alkene or alkyne followed by capture of a nucleophile or elimination of an H+ ion. The outcome of the reaction depends on reaction conditions. With water and a protic acid such as sulfuric acid as the reacti... | Prins reaction | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,238 | [
"Coupling reactions",
"Name reactions",
"Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions",
"Organic reactions"
] |
4,144,848 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge%20integration | Knowledge integration is the process of synthesizing multiple knowledge models (or representations) into a common model (representation).
Compared to information integration, which involves merging information having different schemas and representation models, knowledge integration focuses more on synthesizing the un... | Knowledge integration | [
"Engineering"
] | 736 | [
"Artificial intelligence engineering",
"Machine learning"
] |
4,144,898 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiplap | Shiplap is a type of wooden board used commonly as exterior siding in the construction of residences, barns, sheds, and outbuildings.
Exterior walls
Shiplap is either rough-sawn or milled pine or similarly inexpensive wood between wide with a rabbet on opposite sides of each edge. The rabbet allows the boards to o... | Shiplap | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 467 | [
"Timber framing",
"Building engineering",
"Architecture",
"Structural system",
"Construction",
"Materials",
"Civil engineering",
"Matter",
"Building materials"
] |
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