id int64 39 79M | url stringlengths 32 168 | text stringlengths 7 145k | source stringlengths 2 105 | categories listlengths 1 6 | token_count int64 3 32.2k | subcategories listlengths 0 27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5,539,197 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excluded%20point%20topology | In mathematics, the excluded point topology is a topology where exclusion of a particular point defines openness. Formally, let X be any non-empty set and p ∈ X. The collection
of subsets of X is then the excluded point topology on X. There are a variety of cases which are individually named:
If X has two points,... | Excluded point topology | [
"Mathematics"
] | 359 | [
"Topological spaces",
"Mathematical structures",
"Topology",
"Space (mathematics)"
] |
5,539,282 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borel%20hierarchy | In mathematical logic, the Borel hierarchy is a stratification of the Borel algebra generated by the open subsets of a Polish space; elements of this algebra are called Borel sets. Each Borel set is assigned a unique countable ordinal number called the rank of the Borel set. The Borel hierarchy is of particular intere... | Borel hierarchy | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,518 | [
"Mathematical logic",
"Mathematical logic hierarchies"
] |
5,539,917 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane%20glycoproteins | Membrane glycoproteins are membrane proteins which help in cell recognition, including fibronectin, laminin and osteonectin.
See also
Glycocalyx, a glycoprotein which surrounds the membranes of bacterial, epithelial and other cells
External links
Glycoproteins | Membrane glycoproteins | [
"Chemistry"
] | 69 | [
"Glycoproteins",
"Glycobiology"
] |
5,540,117 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azinphos-methyl | Azinphos-methyl (Guthion) (also spelled azinophos-methyl) is a broad spectrum organophosphate insecticide manufactured by Bayer CropScience, Gowan Co., and Makhteshim Agan. Like other pesticides in this class, it owes its insecticidal properties (and human toxicity) to the fact that it is an acetylcholinesterase inhibi... | Azinphos-methyl | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology",
"Environmental_science"
] | 3,940 | [
"Toxicology",
"Pesticides",
"Functional groups",
"Phosphorodithioates",
"Biocides"
] |
996,828 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbiting%20body | In astrodynamics, an orbiting body is any physical body that orbits a more massive one, called the primary body. The orbiting body is properly referred to as the secondary body (), which is less massive than the primary body ().
Thus, or .
Under standard assumptions in astrodynamics, the barycenter of the two bodies... | Orbiting body | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy",
"Engineering"
] | 244 | [
"Astrodynamics",
"Astronomy stubs",
"Astrophysics",
"Astrophysics stubs",
"Physical objects",
"Aerospace engineering",
"Matter"
] |
996,955 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characteristic%20energy | In astrodynamics, the characteristic energy () is a measure of the excess specific energy over that required to just barely escape from a massive body. The units are length2 time−2, i.e. velocity squared, or energy per mass.
Every object in a 2-body ballistic trajectory has a constant specific orbital energy equal to... | Characteristic energy | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 819 | [
"Astrodynamics",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Energy (physics)",
"Aerospace engineering",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities"
] |
997,021 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asymptotic%20gain%20model | The asymptotic gain model (also known as the Rosenstark method) is a representation of the gain of negative feedback amplifiers given by the asymptotic gain relation:
where is the return ratio with the input source disabled (equal to the negative of the loop gain in the case of a single-loop system composed of unilat... | Asymptotic gain model | [
"Mathematics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 2,371 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Computer engineering",
"Signal processing",
"Applied mathematics",
"Control theory",
"Analog circuits",
"Electronic engineering",
"Electronic amplifiers",
"Amplifiers",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
997,260 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific%20angular%20momentum | In celestial mechanics, the specific relative angular momentum (often denoted or ) of a body is the angular momentum of that body divided by its mass. In the case of two orbiting bodies it is the vector product of their relative position and relative linear momentum, divided by the mass of the body in question.
Speci... | Specific angular momentum | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 761 | [
"Astrodynamics",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Aerospace engineering",
"Angular momentum",
"Momentum",
"Moment (physics)"
] |
997,387 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific%20orbital%20energy | In the gravitational two-body problem, the specific orbital energy (or vis-viva energy) of two orbiting bodies is the constant sum of their mutual potential energy () and their kinetic energy (), divided by the reduced mass. According to the orbital energy conservation equation (also referred to as vis-viva equation),... | Specific orbital energy | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 1,576 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Astrodynamics",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Mass",
"Intensive quantities",
"Aerospace engineering",
"Mass-specific quantities",
"Physical properties",
"Matter"
] |
997,416 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FTP%20bounce%20attack | FTP bounce attack is an exploit of the FTP protocol whereby an attacker is able to use the command to request access to ports indirectly through the use of the victim machine, which serves as a proxy for the request, similar to an Open mail relay using SMTP.
This technique can be used to port scan hosts discreetly, a... | FTP bounce attack | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 171 | [
"Cybersecurity engineering",
"Computer network stubs",
"Computer networks engineering",
"Computer network security",
"Computing stubs"
] |
998,070 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Node%20%28physics%29 | A node is a point along a standing wave where the wave has minimum amplitude. For instance, in a vibrating guitar string, the ends of the string are nodes. By changing the position of the end node through frets, the guitarist changes the effective length of the vibrating string and thereby the note played. The opposi... | Node (physics) | [
"Physics"
] | 1,469 | [
"Waves",
"Physical phenomena",
"Motion (physics)",
"nan"
] |
998,103 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioequivalence | Bioequivalence is a term in pharmacokinetics used to assess the expected in vivo biological equivalence of two proprietary preparations of a drug. If two products are said to be bioequivalent it means that they would be expected to be, for all intents and purposes, the same.
One article defined bioequivalence by stati... | Bioequivalence | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 2,243 | [
"Pharmacology",
"Life sciences industry",
"Pharmacokinetics"
] |
998,156 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haze | Haze is traditionally an atmospheric phenomenon in which dust, smoke, and other dry particulates suspended in air obscure visibility and the clarity of the sky. The World Meteorological Organization manual of codes includes a classification of particulates causing horizontal obscuration into categories of fog, ice fog,... | Haze | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,390 | [
"Visibility",
"Physical phenomena",
"Earth phenomena",
"Fog",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Optical phenomena",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Atmospheric optical phenomena"
] |
999,516 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav%20Zeuner | Gustav Anton Zeuner (30 November 1828 – 17 October 1907) was a German physicist, engineer and epistemologist, considered the founder of technical thermodynamics and of the Dresden School of Thermodynamics.
Life
University and Revolution
Zeuner was born in Chemnitz, Saxony. His first training in the subject of enginee... | Gustav Zeuner | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,052 | [
"Thermodynamics",
"Thermodynamicists"
] |
999,701 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate%20of%20convergence | In mathematical analysis, particularly numerical analysis, the rate of convergence and order of convergence of a sequence that converges to a limit are any of several characterizations of how quickly that sequence approaches its limit. These are broadly divided into rates and orders of convergence that describe how qui... | Rate of convergence | [
"Mathematics"
] | 4,227 | [
"Computational mathematics",
"Mathematical relations",
"Approximations",
"Numerical analysis"
] |
590,920 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemodialysis | Hemodialysis, also spelled haemodialysis, or simply dialysis, is a process of filtering the blood of a person whose kidneys are not working normally. This type of dialysis achieves the extracorporeal removal of waste products such as creatinine and urea and free water from the blood when the kidneys are in a state of k... | Hemodialysis | [
"Chemistry",
"Environmental_science"
] | 6,671 | [
"Toxicology treatments",
"Membrane technology",
"Toxicology",
"Separation processes"
] |
590,971 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haversine%20formula | The haversine formula determines the great-circle distance between two points on a sphere given their longitudes and latitudes. Important in navigation, it is a special case of a more general formula in spherical trigonometry, the law of haversines, that relates the sides and angles of spherical triangles.
The first t... | Haversine formula | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,505 | [
"Distance",
"Physical quantities",
"Applied mathematics",
"Quantity",
"Size",
"Space",
"Spacetime",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Geodesy"
] |
591,253 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirchhoff%27s%20circuit%20laws | Kirchhoff's circuit laws are two equalities that deal with the current and potential difference (commonly known as voltage) in the lumped element model of electrical circuits. They were first described in 1845 by German physicist Gustav Kirchhoff. This generalized the work of Georg Ohm and preceded the work of James Cl... | Kirchhoff's circuit laws | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,243 | [
"Equations of physics",
"Physical quantities",
"Electrical systems",
"Conservation laws",
"Quantity",
"Mathematical objects",
"Equations",
"Physical systems",
"Circuit theorems",
"Voltage",
"Conservation equations",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Symmetry",
"Physi... |
591,280 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirchhoff%27s%20law%20of%20thermal%20radiation | In heat transfer, Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation refers to wavelength-specific radiative emission and absorption by a material body in thermodynamic equilibrium, including radiative exchange equilibrium. It is a special case of Onsager reciprocal relations as a consequence of the time reversibility of microscopic... | Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 3,340 | [
"Transport phenomena",
"Physical phenomena",
"Heat transfer",
"Electromagnetic radiation",
"Radiation",
"Thermodynamics"
] |
591,492 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complementary%20good | In economics, a complementary good is a good whose appeal increases with the popularity of its complement. Technically, it displays a negative cross elasticity of demand and that demand for it increases when the price of another good decreases. If is a complement to , an increase in the price of will result in a nega... | Complementary good | [
"Physics"
] | 1,130 | [
"Materials",
"Goods (economics)",
"Matter"
] |
591,513 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical%20cavity | An optical cavity, resonating cavity or optical resonator is an arrangement of mirrors or other optical elements that confines light waves similarly to how a cavity resonator confines microwaves. Optical cavities are a major component of lasers, surrounding the gain medium and providing feedback of the laser light. Th... | Optical cavity | [
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 2,222 | [
"Glass engineering and science",
"Optical devices"
] |
591,587 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurewicz%20theorem | In mathematics, the Hurewicz theorem is a basic result of algebraic topology, connecting homotopy theory with homology theory via a map known as the Hurewicz homomorphism. The theorem is named after Witold Hurewicz, and generalizes earlier results of Henri Poincaré.
Statement of the theorems
The Hurewicz theorems are ... | Hurewicz theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 705 | [
"Theorems in algebraic topology",
"Theorems in topology"
] |
591,703 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szemer%C3%A9di%27s%20theorem | In arithmetic combinatorics, Szemerédi's theorem is a result concerning arithmetic progressions in subsets of the integers. In 1936, Erdős and Turán conjectured that every set of integers A with positive natural density contains a k-term arithmetic progression for every k. Endre Szemerédi proved the conjecture in 1975.... | Szemerédi's theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,216 | [
"Mathematical theorems",
"Theorems in combinatorics",
"Additive combinatorics",
"Combinatorics",
"Theorems in discrete mathematics",
"Theorems in number theory",
"Mathematical problems",
"Ramsey theory",
"Number theory"
] |
591,768 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index%20of%20information%20theory%20articles | This is a list of information theory topics.
A Mathematical Theory of Communication
algorithmic information theory
arithmetic coding
channel capacity
Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems
conditional entropy
conditional quantum entropy
confusion and diffusion
cross-entropy
data compression
entropic uncerta... | Index of information theory articles | [
"Mathematics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 139 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Applied mathematics",
"Computer science",
"Information theory"
] |
592,172 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FU%20Orionis%20star | In stellar evolution, an FU Orionis star (also FU Orionis object, or FUor) is a pre–main-sequence star which displays an extreme change in magnitude and spectral type. One example is the star V1057 Cyg, which became six magnitudes brighter and went from spectral type dKe to F-type supergiant during 1969-1970. These st... | FU Orionis star | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 530 | [
"Astronomical classification systems",
"Star types",
"Astrophysics",
"Stellar evolution"
] |
592,198 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stretch%20rule | In classical mechanics, the stretch rule (sometimes referred to as Routh's rule) states that the moment of inertia of a rigid object is unchanged when the object is stretched parallel to an axis of rotation that is a principal axis, provided that the distribution of mass remains unchanged except in the direction parall... | Stretch rule | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 241 | [
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Classical mechanics",
"Mechanics",
"Moment (physics)"
] |
592,505 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padding%20%28cryptography%29 | In cryptography, padding is any of a number of distinct practices which all include adding data to the beginning, middle, or end of a message prior to encryption. In classical cryptography, padding may include adding nonsense phrases to a message to obscure the fact that many messages end in predictable ways, e.g. sinc... | Padding (cryptography) | [
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 3,709 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Cryptography",
"Cybersecurity engineering"
] |
592,513 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superlubricity | Superlubricity is a regime of relative motion in which friction vanishes or very nearly vanishes. However, the definition of "vanishing" friction level is not clear, which makes the term vague. As an ad hoc definition, a kinetic coefficient of friction less than 0.01 can be adopted. This definition also requires furthe... | Superlubricity | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,047 | [
"Phases of matter",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Matter",
"Materials science"
] |
592,897 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellinger%E2%80%93Toeplitz%20theorem | In functional analysis, a branch of mathematics, the Hellinger–Toeplitz theorem states that an everywhere-defined symmetric operator on a Hilbert space with inner product is bounded. By definition, an operator A is symmetric if
for all x, y in the domain of A. Note that symmetric everywhere-defined operators are ne... | Hellinger–Toeplitz theorem | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 422 | [
"Hilbert spaces",
"Theorems in mathematical analysis",
"Theorems in functional analysis",
"Quantum mechanics"
] |
593,255 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venturi%20effect | The Venturi effect is the reduction in fluid pressure that results when a moving fluid speeds up as it flows from one section of a pipe to a smaller section. The Venturi effect is named after its discoverer, the 18th-century Italian physicist Giovanni Battista Venturi.
The effect has various engineering applications, ... | Venturi effect | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 2,167 | [
"Piping",
"Chemical engineering",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
14,535,189 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher%27s%20inequality | Fisher's inequality is a necessary condition for the existence of a balanced incomplete block design, that is, a system of subsets that satisfy certain prescribed conditions in combinatorial mathematics. Outlined by Ronald Fisher, a population geneticist and statistician, who was concerned with the design of experiment... | Fisher's inequality | [
"Mathematics"
] | 523 | [
"Theorems in statistics",
"Extremal combinatorics",
"Statistical inequalities",
"Combinatorial design",
"Combinatorics",
"Basic concepts in set theory",
"Families of sets",
"Inequalities (mathematics)"
] |
14,536,459 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VIPR1 | Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 1 also known as VPAC1, is a protein, that in humans is encoded by the VIPR1 gene. VPAC1 is expressed in the brain (cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala), lung, prostate, peripheral blood leukocytes, liver, small intestine, heart, spleen, placenta, kidney, thymus and testis.
... | VIPR1 | [
"Chemistry"
] | 300 | [
"G protein-coupled receptors",
"Signal transduction"
] |
14,537,991 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass%20casting | Glass casting is the process in which glass objects are cast by directing molten glass into a mould where it solidifies. The technique has been used since the 15th century BCE in both Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. Modern cast glass is formed by a variety of processes such as kiln casting or casting into sand, graphite... | Glass casting | [
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,120 | [
"Glass engineering and science",
"Glass production"
] |
17,328,425 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscoplasticity | Viscoplasticity is a theory in continuum mechanics that describes the rate-dependent inelastic behavior of solids. Rate-dependence in this context means that the deformation of the material depends on the rate at which loads are applied. The inelastic behavior that is the subject of viscoplasticity is plastic deformati... | Viscoplasticity | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science"
] | 4,446 | [
"Deformation (mechanics)",
"Classical mechanics",
"Plasticity (physics)",
"Continuum mechanics"
] |
17,330,825 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perveance | Perveance is a notion used in the description of charged particle beams. The value of perveance indicates how significant the space charge effect is on the beam's motion. The term is used primarily for electron beams, in which motion is often dominated by the space charge.
Origin of the word
The word was probably cre... | Perveance | [
"Physics"
] | 400 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Experimental physics",
"Particle physics",
"Experimental particle physics",
"Accelerator physics"
] |
11,864,519 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approximate%20Bayesian%20computation | Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) constitutes a class of computational methods rooted in Bayesian statistics that can be used to estimate the posterior distributions of model parameters.
In all model-based statistical inference, the likelihood function is of central importance, since it expresses the probability... | Approximate Bayesian computation | [
"Mathematics"
] | 6,461 | [
"Statistical approximations",
"Mathematical relations",
"Approximations"
] |
11,866,035 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cottrell%20equation | In electrochemistry, the Cottrell equation describes the change in electric current with respect to time in a controlled potential experiment, such as chronoamperometry. Specifically it describes the current response when the potential is a step function in time. It was derived by Frederick Gardner Cottrell in 1903. F... | Cottrell equation | [
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 402 | [
"Mathematical objects",
"Equations",
"Electrochemistry",
"Electrochemistry stubs",
"Physical chemistry stubs",
"Electrochemical equations"
] |
11,867,217 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ErbB | The ErbB family of proteins contains four receptor tyrosine kinases, structurally related to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), its first discovered member. In humans, the family includes Her1 (EGFR, ErbB1), Her2 (ErbB2), Her3 (ErbB3), and Her4 (ErbB4). The gene symbol, ErbB, is derived from the name of a vi... | ErbB | [
"Chemistry"
] | 2,284 | [
"Tyrosine kinase receptors",
"Signal transduction"
] |
1,551,777 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical%20space | Chemical space is a concept in cheminformatics referring to the property space spanned by all possible molecules and chemical compounds adhering to a given set of construction principles and boundary conditions. It contains millions of compounds which are readily accessible and available to researchers. It is a library... | Chemical space | [
"Chemistry"
] | 622 | [
"Theoretical chemistry",
"Computational chemistry",
"nan",
"Cheminformatics"
] |
1,551,873 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC%20transporter | The ABC transporters, ATP synthase (ATP)-binding cassette transporters are a transport system superfamily that is one of the largest and possibly one of the oldest gene families. It is represented in all extant phyla, from prokaryotes to humans. ABC transporters belong to translocases.
ABC transporters often consist ... | ABC transporter | [
"Biology"
] | 15,490 | [
"Protein families",
"Protein classification"
] |
1,552,505 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vickers%20hardness%20test | The Vickers hardness test was developed in 1921 by Robert L. Smith and George E. Sandland at Vickers Ltd as an alternative to the Brinell method to measure the hardness of materials. The Vickers test is often easier to use than other hardness tests since the required calculations are independent of the size of the inde... | Vickers hardness test | [
"Materials_science"
] | 1,612 | [
"Hardness tests",
"Materials testing"
] |
1,553,317 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical%20medium | In optics, an optical medium is material through which light and other electromagnetic waves propagate. It is a form of transmission medium. The permittivity and permeability of the medium define how electromagnetic waves propagate in it.
Properties
The optical medium has an intrinsic impedance, given by
where and... | Optical medium | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 299 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Optics",
"Electric and magnetic fields in matter",
"Materials science",
" molecular",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Atomic",
" and optical physics"
] |
1,553,856 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft%20flight%20mechanics | Aircraft flight mechanics are relevant to fixed wing (gliders, aeroplanes) and rotary wing (helicopters) aircraft. An aeroplane (airplane in US usage), is defined in ICAO Document 9110 as, "a power-driven heavier than air aircraft, deriving its lift chiefly from aerodynamic reactions on surface which remain fixed under... | Aircraft flight mechanics | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 1,775 | [
"Aircraft manufacturing",
"Aerodynamics",
"Mechanical engineering by discipline",
"Aerospace engineering",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
1,554,012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weigh%20in%20motion | Weigh-in-motion or weighing-in-motion (WIM) devices are designed to capture and record the axle weights and gross vehicle weights as vehicles drive over a measurement site. Unlike static scales, WIM systems are capable of measuring vehicles traveling at a reduced or normal traffic speed and do not require the vehicle t... | Weigh in motion | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 2,405 | [
"Weighing instruments",
"Mass",
"Matter",
"Measuring instruments"
] |
1,554,948 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huemul%20Project | The Huemul Project () was an early 1950s Argentine effort to develop a fusion power device known as the Thermotron. The concept was invented by Austrian scientist Ronald Richter, who claimed to have a design that would produce effectively unlimited power.
Richter was able to pitch the idea to President of Argentina Ju... | Huemul Project | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 5,017 | [
"Nuclear fusion",
"Fusion power",
"Plasma physics"
] |
1,554,995 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyol | In organic chemistry, a polyol is an organic compound containing multiple hydroxyl groups (). The term "polyol" can have slightly different meanings depending on whether it is used in food science or polymer chemistry. Polyols containing two, three and four hydroxyl groups are diols, triols, and tetrols, respectively.
... | Polyol | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,175 | [
"Organic polymers",
"Synthetic resins",
"Products of chemical industry",
"Synthetic materials",
"Materials science",
"Organic compounds",
"Polymer chemistry",
"Commodity chemicals"
] |
9,394,772 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barnes%E2%80%93Hut%20simulation | The Barnes–Hut simulation (named after Josh Barnes and Piet Hut) is an approximation algorithm for performing an N-body simulation. It is notable for having order O(n log n) compared to a direct-sum algorithm which would be O(n2).
The simulation volume is usually divided up into cubic cells via an octree (in a three-d... | Barnes–Hut simulation | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 689 | [
"Astrophysics",
"Theoretical physics",
"Physical cosmology",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines"
] |
9,397,319 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss%E2%80%93Lucas%20theorem | In complex analysis, a branch of mathematics, the Gauss–Lucas theorem gives a geometric relation between the roots of a polynomial and the roots of its derivative . The set of roots of a real or complex polynomial is a set of points in the complex plane. The theorem states that the roots of all lie within the convex ... | Gauss–Lucas theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 567 | [
"Theorems in mathematical analysis",
"Theorems in algebra",
"Theorems in complex analysis",
"Theorems about polynomials",
"Articles containing proofs"
] |
9,400,139 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesseractic%20honeycomb | In four-dimensional euclidean geometry, the tesseractic honeycomb is one of the three regular space-filling tessellations (or honeycombs), represented by Schläfli symbol {4,3,3,4}, and consisting of a packing of tesseracts (4-hypercubes).
Its vertex figure is a 16-cell. Two tesseracts meet at each cubic cell, four me... | Tesseractic honeycomb | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 1,577 | [
"Regular tessellations",
"Honeycombs (geometry)",
"Tessellation",
"Crystallography",
"Symmetry"
] |
9,402,045 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinwheel%20tiling | In geometry, pinwheel tilings are non-periodic tilings defined by Charles Radin and based on a construction due to John Conway.
They are the first known non-periodic tilings to each have the property that their tiles appear in infinitely many orientations.
Definition
Let be the right triangle with side length , and... | Pinwheel tiling | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 575 | [
"Discrete mathematics",
"Tessellation",
"Discrete geometry",
"Aperiodic tilings",
"Symmetry"
] |
4,148,025 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation-absorbent%20material | In materials science, radiation-absorbent material (RAM) is a material which has been specially designed and shaped to absorb incident RF radiation (also known as non-ionising radiation), as effectively as possible, from as many incident directions as possible. The more effective the RAM, the lower the resulting level ... | Radiation-absorbent material | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 3,196 | [
"Electromagnetic compatibility",
"Radio electronics",
"Materials",
"Electrical engineering",
"Matter"
] |
4,148,657 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid%20metal%20embrittlement | Liquid metal embrittlement (also known as LME and liquid metal induced embrittlement) is a phenomenon of practical importance, where certain ductile metals experience drastic loss in tensile ductility or undergo brittle fracture when exposed to specific liquid metals. Generally, tensile stress, either externally appli... | Liquid metal embrittlement | [
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,492 | [
"Structural engineering",
"Fracture mechanics",
"Materials science",
"Building defects",
"Materials degradation",
"Mechanical failure"
] |
4,148,957 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weapons-grade%20nuclear%20material | Weapons-grade nuclear material is any fissionable nuclear material that is pure enough to make a nuclear weapon and has properties that make it particularly suitable for nuclear weapons use. Plutonium and uranium in grades normally used in nuclear weapons are the most common examples. (These nuclear materials have oth... | Weapons-grade nuclear material | [
"Physics"
] | 1,620 | [
"Materials",
"Nuclear materials",
"Matter"
] |
4,149,039 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A23187 | A23187 is a mobile ion-carrier that forms stable complexes with divalent cations (ions with a charge of +2). A23187 is also known as Calcimycin, Calcium Ionophore, Antibiotic A23187 and Calcium Ionophore A23187. It is produced at fermentation of Streptomyces chartreusensis.
Actions and uses
A23187 has antibiotic prope... | A23187 | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 633 | [
"Cellular respiration",
"Biotechnology products",
"Antibiotics",
"Biocides",
"Uncouplers"
] |
4,149,080 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphidicolin | Aphidicolin is a tetracyclic diterpene antibiotic isolated from the fungus Cephalosporum aphidicola with antiviral and antimitotic properties. Aphidicolin is a reversible inhibitor of eukaryotic nuclear DNA replication. It blocks the cell cycle at early S phase. It is a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase Alpha and D... | Aphidicolin | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 158 | [
"Biotechnology products",
"Organic compounds",
"Antibiotics",
"Biocides",
"Organic compound stubs",
"Organic chemistry stubs"
] |
4,149,526 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adapter%20%28genetics%29 | An adapter or adaptor in genetic engineering is a short, chemically synthesized, double-stranded oligonucleotide that can be ligated to the ends of other DNA or RNA molecules. Double stranded adapters are different from linkers in that they contain one blunt end and one sticky end. For instance, a double stranded DNA ... | Adapter (genetics) | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 341 | [
"Biological engineering",
"Bioengineering stubs",
"Biotechnology stubs",
"Genetic engineering",
"Molecular biology"
] |
4,149,813 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical%20Information%20Access%20Portal | The Clinical Information Access Portal, commonly referred to as CIAP, is a project of the New South Wales Department of Health that provides online clinical resources for health professionals working within the New South Wales public health system (NSW Health).
Major resources available through CIAP include:
Australia... | Clinical Information Access Portal | [
"Biology"
] | 117 | [
"Health informatics",
"Medical technology"
] |
4,150,495 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schofield%20equation | The Schofield Equation is a method of estimating the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of adult men and women published in 1985.
This is the equation used by the WHO in their technical report series. The equation that is recommended to estimate BMR by the US Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics is the Mifflin-St. Jeor equation... | Schofield equation | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 466 | [
"Scalar physical quantities",
"Physical quantities",
"Applied mathematics",
"Quantity",
"Mass",
"Size",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Mathematics in medicine",
"Matter"
] |
4,151,504 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytropic%20process | A polytropic process is a thermodynamic process that obeys the relation:
where p is the pressure, V is volume, n is the polytropic index, and C is a constant. The polytropic process equation describes expansion and compression processes which include heat transfer.
Particular cases
Some specific values of n correspon... | Polytropic process | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 374 | [
"Thermodynamic processes",
"Thermodynamics"
] |
4,152,321 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliability%20theory%20of%20aging%20and%20longevity | The reliability theory of aging is an attempt to apply the principles of reliability theory to create a mathematical model of senescence. The theory was published in Russian by Leonid A. Gavrilov and Natalia S. Gavrilova as Biologiia prodolzhitelʹnosti zhizni in 1986, and in English translation as The Biology of Life S... | Reliability theory of aging and longevity | [
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 286 | [
"Senescence",
"Systems engineering",
"Theories of biological ageing",
"Reliability engineering"
] |
4,152,892 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain%20engineering | Domain engineering, is the entire process of reusing domain knowledge in the production of new software systems. It is a key concept in systematic software reuse and product line engineering. A key idea in systematic software reuse is the domain. Most organizations work in only a few domains. They repeatedly build simi... | Domain engineering | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,422 | [
"Systems engineering",
"Design",
"Software design"
] |
10,897,878 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesoscopic%20physics | Mesoscopic physics is a subdiscipline of condensed matter physics that deals with materials of an intermediate size. These materials range in size between the nanoscale for a quantity of atoms (such as a molecule) and of materials measuring micrometres. The lower limit can also be defined as being the size of individua... | Mesoscopic physics | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,175 | [
"Theoretical physics",
"Phases of matter",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Materials science",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Mesoscopic physics",
"Matter"
] |
10,901,904 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermophotonics | Thermophotonics (often abbreviated as TPX) is a concept for generating usable power from heat which shares some features of thermophotovoltaic (TPV) power generation. Thermophotonics was first publicly proposed by solar photovoltaic researcher Martin Green in 2000. However, no TPX device is known to have been demonstr... | Thermophotonics | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 555 | [
"Thermodynamics",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
10,902,751 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesoionic%20compounds | In chemistry, mesoionic compounds are one in which a heterocyclic structure is dipolar and where both the negative and the positive charges are delocalized. A completely uncharged structure cannot be written and mesoionic compounds cannot be represented satisfactorily by any one mesomeric structure. Mesoionic compounds... | Mesoionic compounds | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 197 | [
"Matter",
"Organic compounds",
"Heterocyclic compounds",
"Zwitterions",
"Ions"
] |
10,906,395 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron%20supermirror | A neutron supermirror is a highly polished, layered material used to reflect neutron beams. Supermirrors are a special case of multi-layer neutron reflectors with varying layer thicknesses.
The first neutron supermirror concept was proposed by Ferenc Mezei, inspired by earlier work with X-rays.
Supermirrors are produ... | Neutron supermirror | [
"Physics"
] | 338 | [
"Optical materials",
"Materials",
"Particle physics",
"Particle physics stubs",
"Matter"
] |
10,908,732 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Younger%20Memnon | The Younger Memnon is an Ancient Egyptian statue, one of two colossal granite statues from the Ramesseum mortuary temple in Thebes, Upper Egypt. It depicts the Nineteenth Dynasty Pharaoh Ramesses II wearing the Nemes head-dress with a cobra diadem on top. The damaged statue has since been separated from its upper torso... | Younger Memnon | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,002 | [
"Quantity",
"Colossal statues",
"Physical quantities",
"Size"
] |
7,214,278 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision%20field%20theory | Decision field theory (DFT) is a dynamic-cognitive approach to human decision making. It is a cognitive model that describes how people actually make decisions rather than a rational or normative theory that prescribes what people should or ought to do. It is also a dynamic model of decision-making rather than a static... | Decision field theory | [
"Mathematics"
] | 2,859 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Mathematical psychology"
] |
7,214,369 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global%20distance%20test | The global distance test (GDT), also written as GDT_TS to represent "total score", is a measure of similarity between two protein structures with known amino acid correspondences (e.g. identical amino acid sequences) but different tertiary structures. It is most commonly used to compare the results of protein structur... | Global distance test | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 984 | [
"Bioinformatics",
"Theoretical chemistry",
"Computational chemistry",
"Biological engineering"
] |
7,215,216 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enriched%20Xenon%20Observatory | The Enriched Xenon Observatory (EXO) is a particle physics experiment searching for neutrinoless double beta decay of xenon-136 at WIPP near Carlsbad, New Mexico, U.S.
Neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) detection would prove the Majorana nature of neutrinos and impact the neutrino mass values and ordering. These a... | Enriched Xenon Observatory | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,230 | [
"Radioactivity",
"Nuclear physics"
] |
7,216,032 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20of%20High%20Energy%20Physics | The Journal of High Energy Physics is a monthly peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering the field of high energy physics. It is published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the International School for Advanced Studies. The journal is part of the SCOAP3 initiative. According to the Journal Ci... | Journal of High Energy Physics | [
"Physics"
] | 120 | [
"Particle physics stubs",
"Particle physics",
"Particle physics journals"
] |
7,216,822 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contact%20order | The contact order of a protein is a measure of the locality of the inter-amino acid contacts in the protein's native state tertiary structure. It is calculated as the average sequence distance between residues that form native contacts in the folded protein divided by the total length of the protein. Higher contact ord... | Contact order | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 463 | [
"Bioinformatics",
"Biological engineering",
"Protein structure",
"Structural biology"
] |
7,219,559 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurophilicity | In chemistry, aurophilicity refers to the tendency of gold complexes to aggregate via formation of weak metallophilic interactions.
The main evidence for aurophilicity is from the crystallographic analysis of Au(I) complexes. The aurophilic bond has a length of about 3.0 Å and a strength of about 7–12 kcal/mol, which... | Aurophilicity | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 373 | [
"Chemical bonding",
"Condensed matter physics",
"nan"
] |
7,220,589 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundle%20map | In mathematics, a bundle map (or bundle morphism) is a morphism in the category of fiber bundles. There are two distinct, but closely related, notions of bundle map, depending on whether the fiber bundles in question have a common base space. There are also several variations on the basic theme, depending on precisely ... | Bundle map | [
"Mathematics"
] | 664 | [
"Theory of continuous functions",
"Topology"
] |
7,221,237 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tannakian%20formalism | In mathematics, a Tannakian category is a particular kind of monoidal category C, equipped with some extra structure relative to a given field K. The role of such categories C is to generalise the category of linear representations of an algebraic group G defined over K. A number of major applications of the theory hav... | Tannakian formalism | [
"Mathematics"
] | 907 | [
"Mathematical structures",
"Monoidal categories",
"Category theory",
"Duality theories",
"Geometry"
] |
7,221,435 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind%20direction | Wind direction is generally reported by the direction from which the wind originates. For example, a north or northerly wind blows from the north to the south; the exceptions are onshore winds (blowing onto the shore from the water) and offshore winds (blowing off the shore to the water). Wind direction is usually repo... | Wind direction | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 635 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Earth phenomena",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Meteorological quantities",
"Meteorological phenomena"
] |
7,222,821 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cast%20stone | Cast stone or reconstructed stone is a highly refined building material, a form of precast concrete used as masonry intended to simulate natural-cut stone. It is used for architectural features: trim, or ornament; facing buildings or other structures; statuary; and for garden ornaments. Cast stone can be made from wh... | Cast stone | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 857 | [
"Structural engineering",
"Matter",
"Building engineering",
"Architecture",
"Construction",
"Materials",
"Concrete",
"Masonry",
"Building materials"
] |
16,066,056 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital%20modeling%20and%20fabrication | Digital modeling and fabrication is a design and production process that combines 3D modeling or computing-aided design (CAD) with additive and subtractive manufacturing. Additive manufacturing is also known as 3D printing, while subtractive manufacturing may also be referred to as machining, and many other technologie... | Digital modeling and fabrication | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,042 | [
"Computer-aided design",
"Design engineering",
"Industrial computing",
"Digital manufacturing"
] |
16,070,103 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron-beam%20processing | Electron-beam processing or electron irradiation (EBI) is a process that involves using electrons, usually of high energy, to treat an object for a variety of purposes. This may take place under elevated temperatures and nitrogen atmosphere. Possible uses for electron irradiation include sterilization, alteration of ge... | Electron-beam processing | [
"Physics"
] | 1,792 | [
"Electromagnetism",
"Physical phenomena",
"Fundamental interactions"
] |
16,071,200 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husimi%20Q%20representation | The Husimi Q representation, introduced by Kôdi Husimi in 1940, is a quasiprobability distribution commonly used in quantum mechanics to represent the phase space distribution of a quantum state such as light in the phase space formulation. It is used in the field of quantum optics and particularly for tomographic purp... | Husimi Q representation | [
"Physics"
] | 489 | [
"Particle statistics",
"Statistical mechanics",
"Quantum optics",
"Quantum mechanics"
] |
49,718 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poynting%20vector | In physics, the Poynting vector (or Umov–Poynting vector) represents the directional energy flux (the energy transfer per unit area, per unit time) or power flow of an electromagnetic field. The SI unit of the Poynting vector is the watt per square metre (W/m2); kg/s3 in base SI units. It is named after its discoverer ... | Poynting vector | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 3,921 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Physical quantities",
"Electromagnetic radiation",
"Quantity",
"Radiation",
"Optical quantities"
] |
49,887 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard%20enthalpy%20of%20formation | In chemistry and thermodynamics, the standard enthalpy of formation or standard heat of formation of a compound is the change of enthalpy during the formation of 1 mole of the substance from its constituent elements in their reference state, with all substances in their standard states. The standard pressure value is... | Standard enthalpy of formation | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,688 | [
"Thermodynamic properties",
"Thermochemistry",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Enthalpy"
] |
50,416 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential%20calculus | In mathematics, differential calculus is a subfield of calculus that studies the rates at which quantities change. It is one of the two traditional divisions of calculus, the other being integral calculus—the study of the area beneath a curve.
The primary objects of study in differential calculus are the derivative of... | Differential calculus | [
"Mathematics"
] | 3,730 | [
"Differential calculus",
"Calculus"
] |
50,425 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20Hall%20effect | The quantum Hall effect (or integer quantum Hall effect) is a quantized version of the Hall effect which is observed in two-dimensional electron systems subjected to low temperatures and strong magnetic fields, in which the Hall resistance exhibits steps that take on the quantized values
where is the Hall voltage, ... | Quantum Hall effect | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 3,646 | [
"Quantum phases",
"Physical phenomena",
"Quantum electronics",
"Hall effect",
"Spintronics",
"Phases of matter",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Electric and magnetic fields in matter",
"Materials science",
"Electrical phenomena",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Nanotechnology",
"Mesoscopic physics",
"... |
50,482 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood | A flood is an overflow of water (or rarely other fluids) that submerges land that is usually dry. In the sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide. Floods are of significant concern in agriculture, civil engineering and public health. Human changes to the environment often increas... | Flood | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 6,967 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Earth phenomena",
"Hydrology",
"Weather hazards",
"Weather",
"Natural disasters",
"Flood",
"Meteorological phenomena",
"Environmental engineering",
"Water"
] |
50,555 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domoic%20acid | Domoic acid (DA) is a kainic acid-type neurotoxin that causes amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP). It is produced by algae and accumulates in shellfish, sardines, and anchovies. When sea lions, otters, cetaceans, humans, and other predators eat contaminated animals, poisoning may result. Exposure to this compound affects... | Domoic acid | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,945 | [
"Chelating agents",
"Process chemicals"
] |
50,563 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucrose | Sucrose, a disaccharide, is a sugar composed of glucose and fructose subunits. It is produced naturally in plants and is the main constituent of white sugar. It has the molecular formula .
For human consumption, sucrose is extracted and refined from either sugarcane or sugar beet. Sugar mills – typically located in tr... | Sucrose | [
"Chemistry"
] | 6,654 | [
"Glycobiology",
"Carbohydrates",
"Glycosides",
"Biomolecules"
] |
50,604 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interacting%20boson%20model | The interacting boson model (IBM) is a model in nuclear physics in which
nucleons (protons or neutrons) pair up, essentially
acting as a single particle with boson properties, with
integral spin of either 2 (d-boson) or 0 (s-boson). They correspond to a quintuplet and singlet, i.e. 6 states.
It is sometimes known as t... | Interacting boson model | [
"Physics"
] | 291 | [
"Nuclear and atomic physics stubs",
"Nuclear physics"
] |
50,609 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear%20shell%20model | In nuclear physics, atomic physics, and nuclear chemistry, the nuclear shell model utilizes the Pauli exclusion principle to model the structure of atomic nuclei in terms of energy levels. The first shell model was proposed by Dmitri Ivanenko (together with E. Gapon) in 1932. The model was developed in 1949 following i... | Nuclear shell model | [
"Physics"
] | 4,842 | [
"Nuclear physics"
] |
50,627 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformal%20map | In mathematics, a conformal map is a function that locally preserves angles, but not necessarily lengths.
More formally, let and be open subsets of . A function is called conformal (or angle-preserving) at a point if it preserves angles between directed curves through , as well as preserving orientation. Conformal... | Conformal map | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 2,089 | [
"Geometric measurement",
"Scalar physical quantities",
"Physical quantities",
"Map projections",
"Coordinate systems",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Angle"
] |
50,702 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental%20engineering | Environmental engineering is a professional engineering discipline related to environmental science. It encompasses broad scientific topics like chemistry, biology, ecology, geology, hydraulics, hydrology, microbiology, and mathematics to create solutions that will protect and also improve the health of living organism... | Environmental engineering | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 2,085 | [
"Chemical engineering",
"Construction",
"Civil engineering",
"nan",
"Environmental engineering"
] |
50,705 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction%20engineering | Construction engineering, also known as construction operations, is a professional subdiscipline of civil engineering that deals with the designing, planning, construction, and operations management of infrastructure such as roadways, tunnels, bridges, airports, railroads, facilities, buildings, dams, utilities and oth... | Construction engineering | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,154 | [
"Building engineering",
"Industrial engineering",
"Construction",
"Transportation engineering",
"Civil engineering",
"nan",
"Construction management",
"Architecture"
] |
50,719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20harmonic%20oscillator | The quantum harmonic oscillator is the quantum-mechanical analog of the classical harmonic oscillator. Because an arbitrary smooth potential can usually be approximated as a harmonic potential at the vicinity of a stable equilibrium point, it is one of the most important model systems in quantum mechanics. Furthermore... | Quantum harmonic oscillator | [
"Physics"
] | 4,165 | [
"Quantum models",
"Quantum mechanics"
] |
50,903 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelet | A wavelet is a wave-like oscillation with an amplitude that begins at zero, increases or decreases, and then returns to zero one or more times. Wavelets are termed a "brief oscillation". A taxonomy of wavelets has been established, based on the number and direction of its pulses. Wavelets are imbued with specific prope... | Wavelet | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 6,050 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Computer engineering",
"Signal processing",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Time–frequency analysis",
"Frequency-domain analysis"
] |
51,038 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological%20applications%20of%20superconductivity | Technological applications of superconductivity include:
the production of sensitive magnetometers based on SQUIDs (superconducting quantum interference devices)
fast digital circuits (including those based on Josephson junctions and rapid single flux quantum technology),
powerful superconducting electromagnets use... | Technological applications of superconductivity | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,560 | [
"Physical quantities",
"Superconductivity",
"Materials science",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Electrical resistance and conductance"
] |
51,117 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meissner%20effect | In condensed-matter physics, the Meissner effect (or Meißner–Ochsenfeld effect) is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state when it is cooled below the critical temperature. This expulsion will repel a nearby magnet.
The German physicists Walther Meißne... | Meissner effect | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,729 | [
"Physical quantities",
"Superconductivity",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Materials science",
"Quantum magnetism",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Electrical resistance and conductance"
] |
51,399 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckingham%20%CF%80%20theorem | In engineering, applied mathematics, and physics, the Buckingham theorem is a key theorem in dimensional analysis. It is a formalisation of Rayleigh's method of dimensional analysis. Loosely, the theorem states that if there is a physically meaningful equation involving a certain number n physical variables, then the... | Buckingham π theorem | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 2,874 | [
"Dimensional analysis",
"Equations of physics",
"Eponymous theorems of physics",
"Mechanical engineering",
"Articles containing proofs",
"Physics theorems"
] |
51,414 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental%20theorem%20of%20algebra | The fundamental theorem of algebra, also called d'Alembert's theorem or the d'Alembert–Gauss theorem, states that every non-constant single-variable polynomial with complex coefficients has at least one complex root. This includes polynomials with real coefficients, since every real number is a complex number with its ... | Fundamental theorem of algebra | [
"Mathematics"
] | 6,355 | [
"Theorems in mathematical analysis",
"Theorems in algebra",
"Theorems in complex analysis",
"Theorems about polynomials",
"Articles containing proofs"
] |
51,421 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer%20sequence | In mathematics, an integer sequence is a sequence (i.e., an ordered list) of integers.
An integer sequence may be specified explicitly by giving a formula for its nth term, or implicitly by giving a relationship between its terms. For example, the sequence 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, ... (the Fibonacci sequence) is forme... | Integer sequence | [
"Mathematics"
] | 834 | [
"Sequences and series",
"Integer sequences",
"Mathematical structures",
"Recreational mathematics",
"Arithmetic functions",
"Mathematical objects",
"Combinatorics",
"Numbers",
"Number theory"
] |
51,521 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-density%20lipoprotein | Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the five major groups of lipoprotein that transport all fat molecules around the body in extracellular water. These groups, from least dense to most dense, are chylomicrons (aka ULDL by the overall density naming convention), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate-dens... | Low-density lipoprotein | [
"Chemistry"
] | 4,595 | [
"Lipid biochemistry",
"Lipoproteins"
] |
51,596 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inositol%20trisphosphate | Inositol trisphosphate or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate abbreviated InsP3 or Ins3P or IP3 is an inositol phosphate signaling molecule. It is made by hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), a phospholipid that is located in the plasma membrane, by phospholipase C (PLC).
Together with diacylglycerol (D... | Inositol trisphosphate | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 2,162 | [
"Inositol",
"Second messenger system",
"Signal transduction",
"Biochemistry",
"Neurochemistry"
] |
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